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排序方式: 共有97条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
An outbreak of Cryptosporidiosis occurred over three months in a British Columbia community, peaking in December 1990. Results of the case-control study and illness surveys support the hypothesis that transmission occurred in a public children's pool at the local recreation centre. Analysis using lab-confirmed cases revealed a matched odds ratio of 4.5 [95% CI 0.97, 20.83], and using clinical cases an unmatched odds ratio of 12.8 [95% CI 3.68, 46.77], associated with swimming in the children's pool within two weeks prior to onset of illness. Other risk factors were not significant. Attack rates in various groups of children's pool users ranged from 8% to 78%. The children's pool was closed for steam cleaning and disinfection. Unusually frequent defecations including liquid stools had occurred before and during the outbreak. Improvements were instituted for removal of feces and superchlorination of pool water. 相似文献
2.
Shintaro Nakano Nobuyoshi Saito Kentaro Miura Tatsunori Sakano Tomomasa Ueda Keiji Sugi Hajime Yamaguchi Isao Amemiya Masato Hiramatsu Arichika Ishida 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2012,20(9):493-498
We have successfully reduced threshold voltage shifts of amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O thin‐film transistors (a‐IGZO TFTs) on transparent polyimide films against bias‐temperature stress below 100 mV, which is equivalent to those on glass substrates. This high reliability was achieved by dense IGZO thin films and annealing temperature below 300 °C. We have reduced bulk defects of IGZO thin films and interface defects between gate insulator and IGZO thin film by optimizing deposition conditions of IGZO thin films and annealing conditions. Furthermore, a 3.0‐in. flexible active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode was demonstrated with the highly reliable a‐IGZO TFT backplane on polyimide film. The polyimide film coating process is compatible with mass‐production lines. We believe that flexible organic light‐emitting diode displays can be mass produced using a‐IGZO TFT backplane on polyimide films. 相似文献
3.
Kazuhiko Takeuchi Taka-aki Hanaoka Takehiko Matsuzaki Yoshihiro Sugi Shigeto Ogasawara Yoshimoto Abe Takahisa Misono 《Catalysis Today》1994,20(3):423-435
An in situ diffuse reflectance FT-IR technique was employed to investigate the active surface species and the reaction mechanism of the oxygenate formation in the vapor phase hydroformylation of ethene on Co/SiO2 promoted with various noble metals such as Ir, Rh, Pt, Re, Ru, and Pd. Co(A)/SiO2 and Ir(CO)/SiO2 which were derived from cobalt(II) acetate and Ir4(CO)12, respectively, were quite inactive in the reaction, and showed only quite small peaks of adsorbed CO under the conditions of 1.1 MPa of C2H4/CO/H2 at 298 K. In contrast, Co(A)-Ir(CO)/SiO2, which were very active in the reaction, exhibited strong absorption bands of linear and bridged CO species. At 423–463 K, propanal adsorbed on the catalyst and acyl species which is suggested as the intermediate for the formation of propanal were also observed on this catalyst. By exposing CO preadsorbed on this catalyst to C2H4/H2 at 289 K and 0.1 MPa, the intensity of the linear CO band decreased, and the bands of propanal and acyl species emerged simultaneously, whereas that of the bridged CO band remained constant after the initial drop. These results suggested that the oxygenates are formed via the CO insertion into adsorbed ethyl species, and linear CO species plays a major role in the CO insertion on these noble metal-promoted cobalt catalysts. 相似文献
4.
Y. Sugi T. Sugimura S. Tawada Y. Kubota T. Hanaoka T. Matsuzaki 《Catalysis Letters》2001,77(1-3):159-163
The isopropylation of mixtures of 3- and 4-isopropylbiphenyls (3- and 4-IPBPs) was examined over a dealuminated H-mordenite (HM) to elucidate the role of 3- and 4-IPBPs in the isopropylation of biphenyl (BP). 4-IPBP was consumed much faster than 3-IPBP in all cases. 4-IPBP was an exclusive precursor to diisopropylbiphenyls (DIPBs), particularly 4,4-DIPB, and 4,4-DIPB was found in encapsulated products during the reaction. These results show that 4-IPBP can allow establishment of an active complex with propylene and acid site in HM pores, whereas 3-IPBP cannot. It is concluded that the isopropylation of BP over HM occurs through a reactant selectivity mechanism, and through a restricted transition state mechanism, but not through a product selectivity mechanism. 相似文献
5.
Yoshihiro Kubota Yusuke Nishizaki Hisanori Ikeya Masami Saeki Tetsunari Hida Sachiko Kawazu Michitaka Yoshida Hidekazu Fujii Yoshihiro Sugi 《Microporous and mesoporous materials》2004,70(1-3):135-149
Two types of organic–inorganic hybrid base catalysts are prepared. Organic-functionalized molecular sieves (OFMSs), particularly “amine-immobilized porous silicates”, are designed based on common idea to immobilize catalytic active sites on silicate surface. Silicate–organic composite materials (SOCMs), such as “ordered porous silicate–quaternary ammonium composite materials”, are the precursors of ordered porous silicates obtained during the synthesis. Both the OFMS and the SOCM are used as the catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation. Among the OFMSs, there is clear tendency that the use of molecular sieve with larger pore volume and/or surface area gives the product in higher yield. Aminopropylsilyl (AP)-functionalized mesoporous silicates such as AP-MCM-41 gives the product in high yield under mild conditions. No loss of activity is observed after repeated use for three times. The SOCMs are also active for the same reaction. The precursors of the mesoporous silicates are more active than those of microporous silicates. This material can be repeatedly used without significant loss of activity. High activity is not due to the leached species. The active sites of the SOCM catalysts are considered to be SiO− moieties located on the pore-mouth. Activity of the SOCM increases when the reaction is carried out without solvent, whereas decrease in activity of the OFMS is observed in the solvent-free system. 相似文献
6.
Rajib Bandyopadhyay Mahuya Bandyopadhyay Yoshihiro Kubota Yoshihiro Sugi 《Journal of Porous Materials》2002,9(2):83-95
AlPO4-5 and AlPO4-11 were synthesized by dry-gel conversion (DGC) method. Steam-assisted conversion (SAC) and vapor-phase transport (VPT) techniques were applied for this purpose. The synthesis was successful in presence of a certain minimum amount of external bulk water, without which the crystallization failed. Crystallization by VPT method was slower than corresponding SAC and HTS method. SAPO analogs of the samples, SAPO-5 and SAPO-11 were also synthesized by DGC method. Samples made by DGC methods had higher yield than the conventional hydrothermal synthesis (HTS); otherwise the samples showed similar characteristics as that made by HTS. XRD, SEM and N2-adsorption results showed high crystallinity and purity of the samples made by DGC, and 27Al MAS NMR spectra indicated the tetrahedral framework nature of Al. SAPO-5 and SAPO-11 were tested for their catalytic activity in isopropylation of biphenyl, and in terms of conversion and selectivity, SAPO-5 was found to be suitable for this application. 相似文献
7.
Kazuhiko Takeuchi Taka-aki Hanaoka Takehiko Matsuzaki Matti Reinikainen Yoshihiro Sugi 《Catalysis Letters》1991,8(2-4):253-261
Vapor phase hydroformylation of ethylene was studied with silica-supported metal catalysts. A cobalt metal catalyst derived from Co2(CO)8 gave propanal and its derivatives in as high selectivity of about 36% as Rh/SiO2 catalyst under the reaction conditions of 1.1 MPa of a gas-mixture of ArCOC2H4H2 = 1333 at 423–503 K. On the other hand, conventional cobalt catalysts derived from cobalt nitrate, chloride, or acetate, and other noble metal catalysts (Pd/SiO2 and Ir/SiO2) produced mainly ethane. 相似文献
8.
Y Sugi 《Journal of electron microscopy》1989,38(2):126-131
Cytoskeletal filaments in myocardial cells of chick embryo (stage 18-20, day 3) were studied by immunocytochemical and rapid-freeze deep-etch methods. A three-dimensional network of cytoplasmic filaments surrounding nascent myofibrils was visualized in saponin-treated myocardial cells. The major part of the network was composed of 12 to 14 nm filaments in platinum replicas. To identify the filaments, the myocardial cells were permeabilized with Triton X-100 and treated with myosin subfragment-1 (S1) for actin or immunogold-labeled antibody for desmin. A large number of filaments in myofibrils and a few cytoplasmic filaments were decorated with S1. A loose network surrounding the myofibrils was not decorated with S1 but with gold particles. This finding means that the majority of filaments occupying the interfibrillar space were desmin-containing filaments. 相似文献
9.
Further Investigations on the Promoting Effect of Mesoporous Silica on Base-Catalyzed Aldol Reaction
Y. Kubota H. Yamaguchi T. Yamada S. Inagaki Y. Sugi T. Tatsumi 《Topics in Catalysis》2010,53(7-10):492-499
Addition of an ordered mesoporous silica to a mixture of an aldol reaction, comprising 4-nitrobenzaldehyde with acetone catalyzed by organic amines, caused significant increase in the reaction rate to afford the β-hydroxyketone in high yield. A cooperative effect between the surface silanol and amine was considered to be the likely reason for the rate-enhancement, which was supported by FTIR spectroscopy. 相似文献
10.
Satoru Goto Yuji Yamamoto Takenao Sugi Takeshi Yasunaga Yasuyuki Ikegami Masatoshi Nakamura 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2010,170(4):9-17
This paper describes a simulation model for a spray flash desalination system which makes fresh water from sea water by using the temperature difference between warm surface sea water and cool deep sea water. The spray flash desalination system can be modeled by using the energy conservation law and the mass conservation law. Simulation results of the model are compared with the experimental results and show the accuracy of the proposed simulation model. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 170(4): 9–17, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20975 相似文献