Apoptosis Disorder,a Key Pathogenesis of HCMV-Related Diseases

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) belongs to the β-herpesvirus family, which is transmitted in almost every part of the world and is carried by more than 90% of the general population. Increasing evidence indicates that HCMV infection triggers numerous diseases by disrupting the normal physiological activity of host cells, particularly apoptosis. Apoptosis disorder plays a key role in the initiation and development of multiple diseases. However, the relationship and molecular mechanism of HCMV-related diseases and apoptosis have not yet been systematically summarized. This review aims to summarize the role of apoptosis in HCMV-related diseases and provide an insight into the molecular mechanism of apoptosis induced by HCMV infection. We summarize the literature on HCMV-related diseases and suggest novel strategies for HCMV treatment by regulating apoptosis.     

低温退火时间对Laves相Cr2Nb固相热反应合成的影响

研究了900℃退火时，退火时间对Cr—Nb机械合金化（MA）粉的Laves相Cr2Nb固相热反应合成的影响规律，获悉了15hMA粉在900℃低温退火时能使Cr2Nb固相热反应合成充分进行的最短时间。优化出的Cr2Nb固相热反应合成低温退火时间，为通过MA＋热压（或烧结）工艺路线制备出具有微／纳米晶结构的高强高韧Cr2Nb合金或Cr2Nb基复合材料提供了可能性。     

Synthesis and characterization of polycrystalline Mo2BC ceramic

Single-phase polycrystalline Mo₂BC ceramic bulks were synthesized successfully from molybdenum, boron, and graphite powders using the spark plasma sintering method. Herein, it was established that the synthesis temperature of the Mo₂BC ceramic could be as low as 1300 °C. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization confirmed that the crystal structure of the Mo₂BC ceramic was comparable to that of the MoAlB ceramic. The Vickers hardness of the Mo₂BC ceramic was measured to be 18.1 GPa. Additionally, the compressive strength, flexural strength, and fracture toughness were determined to be 1.74 GPa, 457.72 MPa, and 3.26 MPa· m^1/2, respectively. The Mo₂BC bulk exhibited typical brittle features, in which intergranular and transgranular fractures were the main failure modes.     

焊接——高强螺栓混合连接性能与工艺研究

本文论述了焊接——高强螺栓混合连接的性能特点,试验并分析了在混合连接中用焊接和高强螺栓连接强度匹配控制混合连接承载力的条件.试验和测试了焊接热对栓接的影响.试验并提出焊——栓混合节点最佳的连接施工工艺.这些在设计与施工中都有着重要的实用价值.     

Construction and study on corrosion protective property of polydopamine-based 3-layer organic coatings on aluminum substrate

Metal aluminum (Al) is being widely used in industry and can be easily corroded in severe conditions. Recently, dopamine has been demonstrated to be an effective adhesive molecular that can be attached to virtually all material surfaces to form stable polydopamine coating (PDAc), exhibiting promising prospects in many fields. In this work, to improve the anti-corrosion performance of Al sheet, a novel polydopamine-based 3-layer organic coating has been constructed by a multi-step self-assembly technique for the first time. In brief, a self-assembled monolayer of (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (coded as MPTS-SAM) was firstly prepared for enhancing the adhesion between the PDAc and the Al substrate. Subsequently, a PDAc was assembled onto the Al substrate by a simple immersion into the dopamine hydrochloride solution at a pH of 8.5. At last, a layer of tetradecanoyl chloride was grafted onto the PDAc surface through amidation, which could apparently slow down the water diffusion to the interface of PDAc and Al for its prominent hydrophobicity. Corrosion resistance of the synthesized coating in NaCl solution was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement, respectively. As results show, PDAc on bare Al can protect the substrate from corrosion to a certain extent. Significantly, after being mediated by MPTS-SAM underlayer and covered by tetradecanoyl chloride outer layer, the anti-corrosion capability of the coating has been improved markedly.     

碳纤维/聚醚醚酮(CF/PEEK)复合材料摩擦磨损性能及抗摩擦静电特性研究

利用真空热压烧结技术制备了不同碳纤含量的碳纤维/聚醚醚酮(CF/PEEK)复合材料,采用热导率分析仪和热重测试仪对材料的热学性能进行表征,并利用多功能摩擦磨损试验机、三维形貌轮廓仪、扫描电子显微镜和摩擦静电计对材料的摩擦磨损性能和抗摩擦静电性能进行分析。分析结果表明：随着CF添加量的增加,复合材料摩擦因数、磨损率和摩擦静电电压先降低后升高,当CF添加量(质量分数)为20%时,摩擦因数、磨损率和摩擦静电电压达到最低,分别为0.247、5.6×10^-6 mm/(N·m)和3.3 V,证明此种方法制备的20%CF/PEEK材料具有优异的摩擦磨损性能和抗静电性能。CF/PEEK复合材料磨损机理以黏着磨损为主,并且伴随着轻微的磨粒磨损。     

GF/PTFE自润滑纤维复合材料磨损性能热衰退研究

针对高频摆动关节轴承摩擦热对自润滑纤维复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,研制了高频使用条件下的玻璃纤维增强聚四氟乙烯(GF/PTFE)自润滑纤维复合材料,利用MYB～500高频高载摆动摩擦磨损试验机,对其进行不同摩擦温度下的摩擦磨损性能测试,研究摩擦热作用下材料自润滑性能和磨损性能衰退特征,分析磨损产物和摩擦表面以及不同摩擦温度下材料的磨损机理。结果表明,摩擦热对材料自润滑性能影响显著,适当的摩擦温度范围能够保证材料的自润滑性能,摩擦温度和摩擦因数之间互为耦合作用,对材料的磨损性能具有一定的影响;高摩擦热作用于自润滑过程及机理的改变,造成材料的磨损性能衰退现象。因此,不同温度下材料的磨损特征具有明显的差异化,其中低摩擦温度下(60～120℃)材料自润滑性能优异,磨损率很低;140℃摩擦温度条件下材料摩擦磨损性能开始衰退;材料在高摩擦温度下(140～180℃)的磨损初期自润滑性能良好、磨损轻微,而中后期磨损严重。微观分析表明,低摩擦温度下材料的磨损机理以轻微粘着和疲劳磨损为主;高摩擦温度下材料的磨损以片状剥落、纤维剪切破坏为主,且磨损面局部损伤特征明显,磨损严重。     

Ti3Al基合金的热变形行为及加工图

采用THERMECMASTER-Z热模拟试验机对Ti3Al基合金进行等温恒应变速率压缩试验,基于动态材料模型的加工图技术研究该合金在950~1350 ℃和0.001~10 s-1范围内的高温变形特性,并优化出其适宜的高温变形参数范围。结果表明,在应变速率较高(≥0.05 s-1)时,变形多处于失稳区域。在变形温度为950~1100 ℃,应变速率为0.05~10 s-1区域,发生了绝热剪切和局部流动现象;在变形温度为1100~1350 ℃,应变速率为0.1~10 s-1区域发生了β组织的不均匀变形。在变形温度为1250~1350 ℃,应变速率低于0.01 s-1时,变形组织粗大,其变形机制为动态回复。在变形温度为1100~1180 ℃,应变速率为0.001~0.015 s-1时,功率耗散效率多大于0.55,变形组织中出现了亚晶;在温度为970~1010 ℃,应变速率为0.001~0.01 s-1时,功率耗散系数大于0.5,其变形机制可能为超塑性成形,这2个区域为Ti3Al基合金适宜的热变形工艺参数范围     

天然产物通过调控miRNA和自噬延缓阿尔茨海默病的研究进展

阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease,AD）是一种与年龄增长密切相关的神经系统退行性疾病,发病后将严重影响老年人的健康生活,但AD的病理机制十分复杂,至今临床上常用的抗AD药物也只能改善中、轻度AD患者的症状,并不能预防、终止和逆转AD进程的发展。因此研究已逐渐转到能够将预防和治疗结合为一体的天然产物上,并且已有众多研究证实天然产物能够改善AD的两大病理特征——老年斑块和神经纤维缠结,而目前越来越多的研究发现了天然产物与AD相关的miRNA和自噬的关联。miRNA与自噬是目前AD研究的两大最新靶点,而随着自噬和miRNA在AD中的作用机制逐渐清晰,进一步证实了天然产物在AD防治方面发挥的重要作用。     

基于Weka的数据挖掘技术在学生管理中的应用

本文针对目前学生管理工作日趋复杂,传统的管理方式已无法胜任,提出了利用Weka软件为平台的管理方案。对数据挖掘技术中的决策树分析法进行深入研究,将C4.5算法应用在学生管理工作中,构建了基于学生个人信息的学生心理状态模型,得到了一些相关规律。实践证明该方法提高了学生工作的效率和质量,为学生管理指导系统提供了科学的参考依据。