Reoptimization framework and policy analysis for maritime inventory routing under uncertainty

We study a maritime inventory routing problem, in which shipments between production and consumption nodes are carried out by a fleet of vessels. The vessels have specific capacities and can be chartered under different agreements. The inventory levels of all consumption nodes and some production nodes should be maintained within specified bounds; for the remaining production nodes, orders should be picked up within pre-defined time windows. We propose a discrete-time mixed-integer programming model. In the face of new information and uncertainty, this optimization model has to be re-solved, as the horizon is rolled forward. We discuss how to account for different sources of uncertainty. We present a rolling-horizon reoptimization framework that allows us to study different policies that impact the quality of the implemented solution, so we can identify the optimal set of policies.     

最大熵和条件随机场模型相融合的藏文人名识别

藏文人名识别是藏文信息处理领域研究的难点之一,其识别效果直接影响到藏文自动分词的精度和相关应用系统的性能,包括藏汉翻译、藏文信息检索、文本分类等。该文在分析藏文人名构成规律和特点的基础上,提出了一种最大熵和条件随机场相融合的藏文人名识别方法。实验表明,该方法可以获取较好的识别效果,在我们的测试集上F-测度值到达了93.08%。     

基于显著性多尺度特征协作融合的行人重识别方法

由于背景信息复杂、遮挡等因素的影响,现有基于局部特征的行人重识别方法所提取的特征不具有辨别力和鲁棒性,从而导致重识别精度较低,针对该问题,提出一种基于显著性检测与多尺度特征协作融合的SMC-ReID方法。利用显著性检测提取行人中具有判别力的特征区域,融合显著性特征与全局特征并完成不同尺度的切块,将上述不同尺度的特征进行协作融合以保证特征切块后的连续性,根据全局特征和局部特征的差异性联合3种损失函数进行学习。在推理阶段,将各个尺度的特征降低到同一维度并融合成新的特征向量,以实现相似性度量。在行人重识别公开数据集Market1501、DukeMTMC-reID和CUHK03上进行实验,结果表明,SMC-ReID方法所提取的特征具有较强的可区分性和鲁棒性,识别准确率优于SVDNet和PSE+ECN等方法。     

半球型动压气体轴承陀螺电机设计及性能测试

针对高精度三浮陀螺用半球型动压气体轴承陀螺电机的启停寿命问题,对半球型动压气体轴承的设计理论以及保证轴承在电机工况下能可靠启停的一些关键技术进行研究.其中轴承间隙和螺旋槽结构参数是影响轴承可靠启停以及其力学性能的关键因素,将螺旋槽结构参数作为变量,通过改变变量参数来分析轴承力学指标的变化趋势,得出螺旋槽各关键参数与轴承刚度的关系曲线;通过有限元法仿真分析并校核了电机在工况下轴承的稳定性,证明了轴承间隙参数设计合理.在此基础上研制了半球型动压气体轴承陀螺电机样机,并进行专项的电机启停寿命试验,启停次数满足陀螺不少于3 000次指标要求,满足高精度三浮陀螺的使用要求.     

考虑节点边际电价的配电网与多微电网双层鲁棒经济调度

可再生能源出力的不确定性给市场定价机制带来了挑战,实现市场参与者的利益均衡分配成为亟待解决的关键问题。提出一种计及风电出力不确定性的节点边际电价市场出清机制。建立配电网与多微电网协调优化调度的双层模型,上层模型为考虑风电出力及功率交互不确定性的配电网数据驱动鲁棒经济调度模型,下层模型为考虑电价型需求响应的微电网数据驱动鲁棒经济调度模型。通过配电网与微电网之间功率交互与电价信息的传递进行上、下层模型的迭代求解,实现不同市场参与者的利益均衡分配。测试系统的仿真结果验证了所提模型及求解方法的有效性。     

群机器人通信研究综述

为了完成规定任务,群机器人中的个体机器人之间须进行协调合作,这有赖于机器人在有限感知和局部交互基础上的群体智能行为涌现,故对群机器人系统中的通信研究现状进行述评。首先对通信机制进行了划分,指出隐式通信的效率较显式通信为低,且作为人工系统的群机器人中更多采用显式通信机制。针对显式通信,通过对通信方式、网络拓扑结构、通信协议及通信语言等主要内容进行阐述,明确群机器人中通信研究的现状,并对该领域的研究方向进行了展望。     

Motion compensation approach for airborne bistatic SAR imaging

In airborne bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR) imaging, not only the motion error of the airborne platform, but also the inaccuracy of data acquisition geometry will introduce an additional phase error that seriously degrades the focusing quality of the final image. For one-stationary BiSAR imaging, the influence of the inaccurate geometry is analyzed in detail and an applicable motion compensation approach is proposed. By using Doppler rates estimation, the phase error both from the motion error and the inaccurate geometry is appropriately compensated so that the focusing quality of the final image is consequently improved. Analyses of acquired raw data are presented to verify the proposal.     

基于区块链的分布式能源交易关键技术

分布式能源凭借能效高、运行灵活、经济性好等特点,逐渐成为发电的重要来源。区块链技术的去中心化、公开透明等特性与分布式能源的交易需求相吻合,探索基于区块链的分布式能源交易有助于消纳能源,降低信用成本。首先从双方的典型特征方面,分析了区块链技术与分布式交易的契合度;接着介绍了区块链技术在提高交易处理效率方面的新发展,以及结合了区块链技术的分布式能源交易理论研究与实际应用;然后,从点对点(P2P)交易、集合竞价以及连续双边拍卖3个方面,分析了国内外在区块链交易方面的研究现状;最后给出了中国在区块链参与消纳分布式能源、建设需求响应管理等方面的建议。     

One‐Pot Synthesis of Dealloyed AuNi Nanodendrite as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction and Borohydride Oxidation Reaction

A novel one‐pot approach for synthesizing the dealloyed nanomaterials at room temperature is introduced for the first time. In such a synthetic strategy, applying modulated potentials effectively simplifies the traditional dealloying route, which usually requires additional corrosion process to dissolve nonprecious metals. The dealloyed AuNi nanodendrites (AuNi NDs) with tunable composition and uniformly elemental distribution are well developed by the one‐pot strategy. Impressively, the as‐synthesized AuNi NDs exhibit a higher electrochemically active area and definite improvements in electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and borohydride oxidation reaction (BOR) compared to the commercial Pt/C. In particular, the AuNi NDs are 81 mV more positive in half‐wave potential and about 3.1 times higher in specific activity (at 0.85 V) for the ORR than Pt/C, together with excellent stability and methanol tolerance. The superior BOR activity is highly promising compared to the previously reported catalysts. The unique nanodendritic structure with Au‐rich surface and bimetallic electronic effect is the main factor to greatly enhance the bifunctional catalytic performance for the AuNi NDs. Furthermore, such a newly developed facile method is of great significance because it is one of the first examples to effectively engineer dealloyed bimetallic nanostructures via the practical and low‐cost route for electrocatalytic applications.