A fuzzy expert system for the design of machining operations

In this paper, a fuzzy expert system called Smart Assistant to Machinist, or SAM, is introduced. The system consists of four modules: a database, a cutter selection module, a cutting condition design module and a learning module. The database consists of four data files: work material data file, machine tool data file, machining plan data file (which defines desirable material removal rate, surface finish, cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, etc.) and cutter data file. The cutter selection module is developed based on fuzzy logic, in which the cutter selection is conducted in three steps. First, the input information is “fuzzyized” Next, using the fuzzy correlation functions, cutter grades and cutters are selected. Then, the selected grades and cutters are searched against the cutter data file to check the availability. The cutting condition design module is developed based on fuzzy non-linear programming and user interactive graphics. The learning module is developed so that users can fine-tune the fuzzy functions to further improve the performance of the system. The system has two distinct features: (1) it can select cutters and design cutting conditions based on partial and imprecise information, and (2) it selects commercial cutter products used on shop floors. The use of the system is demonstrated using two examples.     

Analysis and scheduling of practical network coding in OFDMA relay networks

Network coding has become a prominent approach to improve throughput of wireless networks. However, most of work in the literature concentrates mainly on 802.11-like random access networks. New technologies such as OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), offer new opportunities for employing network coding. This paper considers how to apply the practical network coding scheme in OFDMA relay networks via cross-layer optimization. Specifically, we aim to explore the following questions: (1) When and how can wireless nodes select relay paths in the presence of network coding? (2) How can an OFDMA relay system assign network resource such as subcarrier and power for all the transmitting nodes? (3) What are the impacts of OFDMA system parameters on the network coding gain? To answer these questions, two efficient coding-aware relay strategies are presented to select forwarding paths with fixed and dynamic power allocation. In order to exploit the network capacity in slow frequency selective fading channels, we formulate optimization frameworks and propose channel-aware coding-aware resource allocation algorithms for an arbitrary traffic pattern. Our studies show that the network coding (i.e. XOR) gain depends on the nodes’ powers, traffic patterns etc. Especially, OFDMA relay network with dynamic power possesses both coding gain and power gain. Extensive simulations are performed to verify our analysis and demonstrate the throughput improvement of our proposals in the presence of XOR coding.     

火电厂精益检修管控系统的研究

检修是确保设备质量可靠、稳定健康的必要手段.介绍了火电厂精益检修管控系统的研究与应用.该系统结合现代信息技术,运用电力信息化、智能化技术在设备精益检修管控方面取得了一定成效,提升了发电企业等级检修的管理水平.     

On oligopoly spectrum allocation game in cognitive radio networks with capacity constraints

Dynamic spectrum sharing is a promising technology to improve spectrum utilization in future wireless networks. The flexible spectrum management provides new opportunities for licensed primary user and unlicensed secondary users to reallocate the spectrum resource efficiently. In this paper, we present an oligopoly pricing framework for dynamic spectrum allocation in which the primary users sell excessive spectrum to the secondary users for monetary return. We present two approaches, the strict constraints (type-I) and the QoS penalty (type-II), to model the realistic situation that the primary users have limited capacities. In the oligopoly model with strict constraints, we propose a low-complexity searching method to obtain the Nash Equilibrium and prove its uniqueness. When reduced to a duopoly game, we analytically show the interesting gaps in the leader–follower pricing strategy. In the QoS penalty based oligopoly model, a novel variable transformation method is developed to derive the unique Nash Equilibrium. When the market information is limited, we provide three myopically optimal algorithms “StrictBEST”, “StrictBR” and “QoSBEST” that enable price adjustment for duopoly primary users based on the Best Response Function (BRF) and the bounded rationality (BR) principles. Numerical results validate the effectiveness of our analysis and demonstrate the convergence of “StrictBEST” as well as “QoSBEST” to the Nash Equilibrium. For the “StrictBR” algorithm, we reveal the chaotic behaviors of dynamic price adaptation in response to the learning rates.     

选矿厂细筛再磨工艺优化对比效果分析

辽宁首钢硼铁有限责任公司选矿厂一系列、二系列细筛再磨工艺中,筛分作业为“预先+检查筛分”合一,总筛分质效率仅为27.18%,为了降低筛分设备的循环负荷,减少大量细颗粒在二段磨矿中的过磨现象,选矿厂对现场二系列细筛再磨的筛分工艺进行了改造,将预先筛分与检查筛分分开,预先筛分仍使用原有陆凯高频细筛,检查筛分使用振动力7.3 G的德瑞克高频细筛。改造完成后,对二系列的筛分质效率、筛下产物的粒度和TFe品位进行了考查,并与一系列进行对比。研究结果表明：通过流程改造,二系列的总筛分质效率为38.29%,比一系列的筛分质效率高11.11%,最终筛下产物-0.074 mm粒级含量提高了5.29%,TFe品位由44.81%提高到46.75%,原矿处理能力增加了1.87 t/h。将预先筛分与检查筛分分开后,总筛分质效率、选矿厂生产效率和精矿TFe品位均得到了提高,选矿厂每年约多增加经济效益752万元,可为其他类似选矿厂的细筛工艺优化提供参考。     

H型预应力混凝土护岸桩现场试验研究

为研究H型预应力混凝土护岸桩在内河航道中的适用性,结合湖嘉申线二期航道改建工程,开展了现场试验,对桩土界面处土压力以及桩体内部应力应变进行监测。监测结果表明：背水侧土体的位移受到老护岸和上部荷载的约束,土体被挤得更密实,水平土压力较大;而临水侧是河流且接近河流中轴线,水平土压力较小,最终水平土压力系数在1.1～1.2左右;桩体内部应力大于该型号H型护岸桩的混凝土有效预压应力,沉桩后各测点压应变减小。基于试验结果,对H型护岸桩土压力的计算方法进行了优化,使其更接近于实测值。     

振荡管内入射激波衰减及其对冷效应的影响

在膨胀比ε 2～6、振荡管长径比L/d 87～737、射流激励频率f 10～240 Hz范围内,探讨了振荡管内入射激波衰减规律及其对压力波制冷机内流动及性能的影响。结果表明：入射激波相对强度Δp_x/Δp₀随着管长相对位置x/L增大而不断减小,入射激波衰减与管内气体黏性力和摩擦力作用、激波对管内气体增压增温作用以及与反射激波发生透射和反射作用有关;振荡管越短,管内入射激波相对强度降低越少,封闭端所产生的反射激波也越强,制冷机的最大制冷效率η_max会逐渐降低;增大管长会降低压力波制冷机的制冷效率波动幅度,有利于改善压力波制冷机变工况性能。基于量纲分析和实验数据得到了入射激波相对强度衰减公式,计算结果与实验数据吻合较好,最大误差为5.70%。     

贵金属二次资源回收技术现状及展望

贵金属二次资源可以有效的弥补我国贵金属资源不足。贵金属回收技术主要分为富集和提取两个方面。针对贵金属二次资源,介绍了富集和提取技术及其优缺点,并对贵金属二次资源回收技术今后的发展做了展望。     

铑粉粒度对其溶解的影响

铑是最难溶解的铂族金属之一,但在铑的提取和应用中铑的溶解又是必不可少的关键环节,研究发现铑粉粒度对铑的溶解有着直接的影响。考察了铑粉粒度和铑粉表面状态对铑溶解的影响。实验结果表明,铑的溶解率与其粒度呈现负相关的关系,粒度≥100μm的铑粉基本不溶解,粒度≤10μm级的铑粉有着很高溶解率。对王水溶解后的铑粉表面通过微区能谱分析表明,铑粉表面并没有氧化物形成,铑粉溶解过程中的微溶现象,是由于溶解时铑粉中的小颗粒铑粉首先溶解,当小颗粒铑粉溶解完,大颗粒铑粉不溶解所致。     

难溶铑物料高温高压快速溶解技术研究

铑粉的溶解是铑精炼提纯中的重要环节。传统方法溶解周期长,转化率低,易引入污染,使用高压釜在高温高压下溶解铑粉具有较强的应用前景。研究了液固比、盐酸浓度、温度等因素对铑粉浸出的影响。得到的最佳浸出工艺条件为:液固比10:1,盐酸浓度5 mol/L,反应温度200℃,氧气分压0.5 MPa,氯酸钠氧化剂用量为铑粉量的4倍。在400 r/min搅拌转速下反应,经3 h铑粉的一次浸出率达到99%以上。