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Anneli Hase Maj-Len Johansson Tuula-Riltta Viljava 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1988,65(4):647-651
A study was made of the accuracy and precision of glucosinolate determination by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) after transformation
of the glucosinolates to desulfoglucosinolates and silylation. The condition of the GLC column and the cleanness of the injection
port were found to be crucial for quantitative determination of the glucosinolate silyl ethers. The relative stabilities of
glucosinolate silyl ethers in pyridine solution remained constant over a period of weeks in air at ambient temperature. 相似文献
3.
Metallocene catalysts Et(Ind)2ZrCl2/MAO and Et(Ind)2HfCl2/MAO were used in ethene/propene copolymerization and in ethene/propene/5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (E/P/ENB) terpolymerization. The copolymerization activity of the Et(Ind)2ZrCl2/MAO system was 20 × 103 kgpolym/molMt *h, the Et(Ind)2HfCl2/MAO yielding 5 × 103 kgpolym/molMt *h. The polymerization activity decreased with diene addition, but this effect was significant only at very large diene feeds. The catalysts incorporated diene readily. Materials with an ethene content of 55 to 70 mol % and an ENB content of 2 to 16 mol % were produced. Et(Ind)2HfCl2 produced a considerably higher molar mass material than the Et(Ind)2ZrCl2 catalyst. The molar mass distributions were narrow. Copolymers and terpolymers with up to 3 mol % ENB content had some crystallinity. Copolymer Tgs were between −59°C and −55°C. The terpolymer glass transition temperature rose 1.5°C per wt % of ENB in the polymer. Polymer characteristics reported include composition, molar mass distribution, melt flow rate, density, and thermal behavior. The dynamic mechanical and rheological properties of the materials in comparison with commercial E/P/ENB terpolymers are discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 35–44, 1997 相似文献
4.
Anneli Niemi Eija-Riitta Venäläinen Timo Hirvi Jorma Hirn Eeva Karppanen 《Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -Forschung A》1991,192(5):427-429
Summary The lead, cadmium and mercury concentrations in muscle, liver and kidney from Finnish pigs and cattle were determined. The average wet weight lead concentrations in pig muscle, liver and kidney were 15 g/kg, 38 g/kg and 40 g/kg, respectively. The corresponding concentrations for cattle were 13 g/kg, 57 g/kg and 110 g/kg. The average wet weight cadmium concentrations were 1.5 g/kg, 28 g/kg and 170 g/kg (pigs) and 1.3 g/kg, 61 g/kg and 350 g/kg (cattle). The corresponding mercury concentrations were 11 g/kg, 12 g/kg and 14 g/kg (pigs) and 11 g/kg, 12 g/kg and 15 g/kg (cattle). The average concentrations were at or above the detection limit of the metal in question. According to the results obtained by the National Veterinary Institute, the cadmium concentration in pigs and cattle has decreased during the period 1973–1988. The provisional tolerable daily intake of lead/person (60 kg), recommended by GEMS/Food, is 0.43 mg. According to the results for lead levels in these products in Finland, a daily intake of 29 kg pig muscle, 33 kg cattle muscle, 11 kg pig liver, 8 kg cattle liver, 11 kg pig kidney or 4 kg cattle kidney would be required to reach this norm. The corresponding provisional tolerable daily intake of cadmium/person (60 kg) is 0.06 mg and is equivalent to 40 kg pig muscle, 46 kg cattle muscle, 2 kg pig liver, 1 kg cattle liver, 0.4 kg pig kidney and 0.2 kg cattle kidney. The validity of the methods was tested four times a year using spiked check samples.
Der Blei-, Cadmium- und Quecksilbergehalt im Muskel, Leber und Nieren von finnischen Schweinen und Rindern 1987–1988
Zusammenfassung Fleisch, Leber und Nieren von finnischen Schweinen und Rindern wurden auf Blei, Cadmium und Quecksilber untersucht. Die durchschnittlichen Bleikonzentrationen (Frischgewicht) in Schweinefleisch, -leber und -nieren betrugen 15 g/kg, 38 g/kg und 40 g/kg. Die entsprechenden Bleikonzentrationen der Rinder waren 13 g/kg, 57 g/kg und 110 g/kg. Die Untersuchung der durchschnittlichen Cadmiumkonzentrationen ergab folgende Werte: 1,5 g/kg, 28 g/kg, 170 g/kg (Schweine) und 1,3 g/kg, 61 g/kg, 350 g/kg (Rinder), und der entsprechenden Quecksilberkonzentrationen 11 g/kg, 12 /kg, 14 g/kg (Schweine) und 11 g/kg, 12 g/kg, 15 g/kg (Rinder). Die durchschnittlichen Konzentrationen des jeweils untersuchten Metalls entsprachen den Grenzwerten oder darüber. Die Cadmiumkonzentrationen der Schweine und Rinder sind nach den Untersuchungen des Staatlichen Veterinärinstitutes in Helsinki während den Jahren 1973–1988 gesunken. Der von Gems/Food empfohlene Höchstwert der tolerierten täglichen Aufnahme von Blei/Person (60 kg) beträgt 0,43 mg. Nach den Ergebnissen bezüglich der Bleikonzentration der o. a. finnischen Produkte würden die folgenden Mengen diese tägliche Norm überschreiten: 29 kg Schweinefleisch, 33 kg Rindfleisch, 11 kg Schweineleber, 8 kg Rinderleber, 11 kg Schweineniere oder 4 kg Rinderniere. Die entsprechenden Normwerte für Cadmium/Person (60 kg) ist 0,06 mg und wäre äquivalent mit 40 kg Schweinefleisch, 46 kg Rindfleisch, 2 kg Schweineleber, 1 kg Rinderleber, 0,4 kg Schweineniere und 0,2 kg Rinderniere. Die Richtigkeit der angewandten Methoden wurde viermal jährlich mit künstlich kontaminierten Proben kontrolliert.相似文献
5.
Romario Victor Pacheco Antero Andreia Cristina Fonseca Alves Paulo de Tarso Ferreira Sales Sergio Botelho de Oliveira Satu Anneli Ojala Sarah Silva Brum 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2019,206(11):1498-1514
AbstractThe worrying hydric crisis and the increasing water contamination by emerging pollutants around the world stimulate the development of activated carbons (AC) for the removal of endocrine disruptors, including bisphenol-A (BPA). For this reason, a new approach for the synthesis of AC from hydrochar produced through hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of Brazilian Cerrado biomass (Magonia pubescens–Sapindaceae) and physical activation using water vapor is highlighted. Compared to the traditional method of physical activation after pyrolysis, HTC was found to be better option to develop the specific surface area, porosity, and yield of the ACs, which presented mesoporous structure and carbon content higher than 80%. The BPA adsorption was evaluated by varying the contact time, BPA concentration, and pH. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich–Peterson isotherms were used to model the adsorption behavior. In the preliminary test to verify the adsorption efficiency, the AC obtained from hydrochar treated at 180?°C presented better results compared to commercial AC. The BPA adsorption data of the best treated hydrochar correlated well with the pseudo first-order model and the Langmuir isotherm (Qmax = 21.26?mg g?1). The results of the studies indicated the combination of HTC and physical activation with steam to be an efficient way to prepare an ecologically sound adsorbent for removal of Bisphenol-A from water with lower temperature and without chemical reagents. The ACs obtained can also be potential materials for other applications, such as in the field of catalysis and environmental remediation. 相似文献
6.
Anneli Hase O. Harva Tuula Pakkanen 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1974,51(4):181-183
It was shown that two bicyclic fatty acids present in Finnish tall oil were formed from (5Z, 9Z, 12Z)-5, 9, 12-octadecatrienoic
acid, pinolenic acid (I). Under the alkaline conditions of sulfate pulping, pinolenic acid forms conjugated isomers which
undergo Diels-Alder cyclization during the heating in the tall oil distillation. The cyclization products, here called cyclopinolenic
acids, are bicyclic fatty acids and stereoisomers of 4-(5-pentyl-3a, 4,5,7a-tetrahydro-4-indanyl) butanoic acid (IV and V). 相似文献
7.
8.
This study evaluated the actions of 12 departmental "health promotion teams" and the means they used to improve the psychosocial work environment of a metal factory in a 3-year project. The teams included 80 members and were supported by organizational psychologists twice a year. A survey feedback process was applied in the beginning among all 773 employees, including management (response rate 94%). At the end, a questionnaire on perceived changes was filled out (response rate 94%). The teams guided the developmental process and initiated various activities in cooperation with the personnel. The planned activities were mainly directed at improving physical fitness and social climate. The majority of the personnel participated in these activities and were satisfied with them. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
9.
Anneli Petersson Mette H. Thomsen Henrik Hauggaard-Nielsen Anne-Belinda Thomsen 《Biomass & bioenergy》2007,31(11-12):812-819
To meet the increasing need for bioenergy several raw materials have to be considered for the production of e.g. bioethanol and biogas. In this study, three lignocellulosic raw materials were studied, i.e. (1) winter rye straw (Secale cereale L), (2) oilseed rape straw (Brassica napus L.) and (3) faba bean straw (Viciafaba L.). Their composition with regard to cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, extractives and ash was evaluated, as well as their potential as raw materials for ethanol and biogas production. The materials were pretreated by wet oxidation using parameters previously found to be optimal for pretreatment of corn stover (195 °C, 15 min, 2 g l−1 Na2CO3 and 12 bar oxygen). It was shown that pretreatment was necessary for ethanol production from all raw materials and gave increased biogas yield from winter rye straw. Neither biogas productivity nor yield from oilseed rape straw or faba bean straw was significantly affected by pretreatment. Ethanol was produced by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis of the solid material after wet oxidation with yields of 66%, 70% and 52% of theoretical for winter rye, oilseed rape and faba bean straw, respectively. Methane was produced with yields of 0.36, 0.42 and 0.44 l g−1 volatile solids for winter rye, oilseed rape and faba bean straw, respectively, without pretreatment of the materials. However, biogas productivity was low and it took over 50 days to reach the final yield. It could be concluded that all three materials are possible raw materials for either biogas or ethanol production; however, improvement of biogas productivity or ethanol yield is necessary before an economical process can be achieved. 相似文献
10.
Calder Andrew J.; Jenkins Rob; Cassel Anneli; Clifford Colin W. G. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2008,137(2):244
To date, there is no functional account of the visual perception of gaze in humans. Previous work has demonstrated that left gaze and right gaze are represented by separate mechanisms. However, these data are consistent with either a multichannel system comprising separate channels for distinct gaze directions (e.g., left, direct, and right) or an opponent-coding system in which all gaze directions are coded by just 2 pools of cells, one coding left gaze and the other right, with direct gaze represented as a neutral point reflecting equal activation of both left and right pools. In 2 experiments, the authors used adaptation procedures to investigate which of these models provides the optimal account. Both experiments supported multichannel coding. Previous research has shown that facial identity is coded by an opponent-coding system; hence, these results also demonstrate that gaze is coded by a different representational system to facial identity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献