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排序方式: 共有351条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
The Distribution of Active ingredients in Supported Catalysts Prepared by Impregnation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Supported catalysts, one of the commonest forms of heterogeneous catalysts in practical use, consist of small crystallites of a catalytically active component dispersed in a porous support of high surface area. Impregnation of the support with an aqueous solution of a compound containing the appropriate catalytic component is an important and frequently used method of preparing this type of catalyst. A nonaqueous solution should be used if the sup port surface is hydrophobic or if hydrolysis of the support surface is to be avoided. In its simplest form, this impregnation method involves three steps: (1) contacting the support with impregnating solution for a certain period of time, (2) drying the support to remove the imbibed liquid, and (3) activating the catalyst by calcination, reduction, or other appropriate treatment. 相似文献
2.
ChukFong Ho Masrah Azrifah Azmi Murad Shyamala Doraisamy Rabiah Abdul Kadir 《Artificial Intelligence Review》2014,42(4):851-894
Recent advances in natural language processing have increased the popularity of paraphrase extraction. Most of the attention, however, has been focused on the extraction methods only without taking the resource factor into the consideration. Unknowingly, there is a strong relationship between them and the resource factor also plays an equally important role in paraphrase extraction. In addition, almost all of the previous studies have been focused on corpus-based methods that extract paraphrases from corpora based solely on syntactic similarity. Despite the popularity of corpus-based methods, a considerable amount of research has consistently shown that these methods are vulnerable to several types of erroneous paraphrases. For these reasons, it is necessary to evaluate whether the trend is moving in a positive direction. This paper reviews the major research on paraphrase extraction methods in detail. It begins by exploring the definition of paraphrase from different perspectives to provide a better understanding of the concept of paraphrase extraction. It then studies the characteristics and potential uses of different types of paraphrase resources. After that, it divides paraphrase extraction methods into four main categories: heuristic-based, knowledge-based, corpus-based and hybrid-based and summarizes their strengths and weaknesses. This paper concludes with some potential open research issues for future directions. 相似文献
3.
Faramarz Safi EsfahaniAuthor Vitae Masrah Azrifah Azmi MuradAuthor Vitae 《Journal of Systems and Software》2011,84(10):1591-1617
In the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), BPEL specified business processes are executed by non-scalable centralized orchestration engines. In order to address the scalability issue, decentralized orchestration engines are applied, which decentralize BPEL processes into static fragments at design time without considering runtime requirements. The fragments are then encapsulated into runtime components such as agents. There are a variety of attitudes towards workflow decentralization; however, only a few of them produce adaptable fragments with runtime environment. In this paper, producing runtime adaptable fragments is presented in two aspects. The first one is frequent-path adaptability that is equal to finding closely interrelated activities and encapsulating them in the same fragment to omit the communication cost of the activities. Another aspect is proportional-fragment adaptability, which is analogous to the proportionality of produced fragments with number of workflow engine machines. It extenuates the internal communication among the fragments on the same machine. An ever-changing runtime environment along with the mentioned adaptability aspects may result in producing a variety of process versions at runtime. Thus, an Adaptable and Decentralized Workflow Execution Framework (ADWEF) is introduced that proposes an abstraction of adaptable decentralization in the SOA orchestration layer. Furthermore, ADWEF architectures Type-1 and Type-2 are presented to support the execution of fragments created by two decentralization methods, which produce customized fragments known as Hierarchical Process Decentralization (HPD) and Hierarchical Intelligent Process Decentralization (HIPD). However, mapping the current system conditions to a suitable decentralization method is considered as future work. Evaluations of the ADWEF decentralization methods substantiate both adaptability aspects and demonstrate a range of improvements in response-time, throughput, and bandwidth-usage compared to previous methods. 相似文献
4.
We consider the problem of efficiently sampling Web search engine query results. In turn, using a small random sample instead
of the full set of results leads to efficient approximate algorithms for several applications, such as:
We present and analyze efficient algorithms for obtaining uniform random samples applicable to any search engine that is based
on posting lists and document-at-a-time evaluation. (To our knowledge, all popular Web search engines, for example, Google,
Yahoo Search, MSN Search, Ask, belong to this class.) Furthermore, our algorithm can be modified to follow the modern object-oriented
approach whereby posting lists are viewed as streams equipped with a next method, and the next method for Boolean and other complex queries is built from the next method for primitive terms. In our case we show how to construct a basic sample-next(p) method that samples term posting lists with probability p, and show how to construct sample-next(p) methods for Boolean operators (AND, OR, WAND) from primitive methods. Finally, we test the efficiency and quality of our approach on both synthetic and real-world data.
A preliminary version of this work has appeared in [3].
Work performed while A. Anagnostopoulos and A.Z. Broder were at IBM T. J. Watson Research Center. 相似文献
• | Determining the set of categories in a given taxonomy spanned by the search results; |
• | Finding the range of metadata values associated with the result set in order to enable “multi-faceted search”; |
• | Estimating the size of the result set; |
• | Data mining associations to the query terms. |
5.
Network visualization by semantic substrates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Networks have remained a challenge for information visualization designers because of the complex issues of node and link layout coupled with the rich set of tasks that users present. This paper offers a strategy based on two principles: (1) layouts are based on user-defined semantic substrates, which are non-overlapping regions in which node placement is based on node attributes, (2) users interactively adjust sliders to control link visibility to limit clutter and thus ensure comprehensibility of source and destination. Scalability is further facilitated by user control of which nodes are visible. We illustrate our semantic substrates approach as implemented in NVSS 1.0 with legal precedent data for up to 1122 court cases in three regions with 7645 legal citations 相似文献
6.
Shima Khatibisepehr Biao Huang Fangwei Xu Aris Espejo 《Journal of Process Control》2012,22(10):1913-1929
In the context of process industries, online monitoring of quality variables is often restricted by inadequacy of measurement techniques or low reliability of measuring devices. Therefore, there has been a growing interest in the development of inferential sensors to provide frequent online estimates of key process variables on the basis of their correlation with real-time process measurements. Representation of multi-modal processes is one of the challenging issues that may arise in the design of inferential sensors. In this paper, Bayesian procedures for the development and implementation of adaptive multi-model inferential sensors are presented. It is shown that the application of a Bayesian scheme allows for accommodating the overlapping operating modes and facilitating the inclusion of prior knowledge. The effectiveness of the proposed procedures are first demonstrated through a simulation case study. The efficacy of the method is further highlighted by a successful industrial application of an adaptive multi-model inferential sensor designed for real-time monitoring of a key quality variable in an oil sands processing unit. 相似文献
7.
Hadi Azmi Mohammad Javad Khosrowjerdi 《International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing》2017,31(12):1885-1902
This paper presents 2‐novel linear matrix inequality (LMI)‐based adaptive output feedback fault‐tolerant control strategies for the class of nonlinear Lipschitz systems in the presence of bounded matched or mismatched disturbances and simultaneous occurrence of actuator faults, including failure, loss of effectiveness, and stuck. The constructive algorithms based on LMI with creatively using Lyapunov stability theory and without the need for an explicit information about mode of actuator faults or fault detection and isolation mechanism are developed for online tuning of adaptive and fixed output‐feedback gains to stabilize the closed‐loop control system asymptotically. The proposed controllers guarantee to compensate actuator faults effects and to attenuate disturbance effects. The resulting control methods have simpler structure, as compared with most existing recent methods and more suitable for practical systems. The merits of the proposed fault‐tolerant control scheme have been verified by the simulation on nonlinear Boeing 747 lateral motion dynamic model subjected to actuator faults. 相似文献
8.
Bahaa‐eldin E. A. Rahim Ismail Yusoff Azmi M. Jafri Zainudin Othman Azman Abdul Ghani 《Water and Environment Journal》2012,26(4):490-503
Estimation of total water balance is a substantial issue for watershed modelling in order to simulate the major components of the hydrological cycle to determine the stress of different anthropogenic activities on the available water resources within a catchment. In this context, the fully distributed physically based MIKE SHE modelling system was used to simulate the individual hydrological components of the total water balance for the Paya Indah Wetlands (PIW) watershed in the west of Peninsular Malaysia. Results reveal that the overall water balance is predominantly controlled by climate variables. Application of the model to the PIW watershed provides detailed estimation of the total water balance for a first‐order catchment in which actual evapotranspiration (ET) represents approximately 65 and 58%, while overland flow (OL) to the PIW lake system represents 12.38 and 12.3% of the total rainfall during the calibration and validation periods, respectively. The difference of the inflow and outflow was taken as storage in depth. Overall, the model gives a reasonable output of total error of less than 1% of the total rainfall, which in turn indicates that the interaction among components is satisfactorily sustained. 相似文献
9.
Tami Astie Ulhiza Noor Illi Mohamad Puad Azlin Suhaida Azmi 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(49):22148-22158
Sago wastewater (SWW) causes pollution to the environment due to its high organic content. Annually, about 2.5 million tons of SWW is produced in Malaysia. In this study, the potential of SWW as a substrate for biohydrogen production by Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes) was evaluated. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to find the optimum conditions. From preliminary optimization, it was found that the most significant factors were yeast extract, temperature, and inoculum size. According to Face Centered Central Composite Design (FCCCD), the maximum hydrogen concentration and yield were 630.67 μmol/L and 7.42 mmol H2/mol glucose, respectively, which is obtained from the sample supplemented with 4.8 g/L yeast extract concentration, 5% inoculum, and incubated at the temperature of 31 °C. Cumulative hydrogen production curve fitted by the modified Gompertz equation suggested that Hmax, Rmax, and λ from this study were 15.10 mL, 2.18 mL/h, and 9.84 h, respectively. 相似文献
10.
Fatma Tugce Senberber Dumanli Kipcak Azmi Seyhun Derun Emek Moroydor 《Glass Physics and Chemistry》2022,48(3):210-218
Glass Physics and Chemistry - In the present study, borax (Na2B4O7·10H2O) was dehydrated using microwave radiation and the dehydration rate curves were calculated. The kinetic parameters and... 相似文献