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排序方式: 共有459条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Ib Holzmeister Jan Weichhold Jürgen Groll Hala Zreiqat Uwe Gbureck 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(7):3554-3561
In this study, the hydraulic reactivity and cement formation of baghdadite (Ca3ZrSi2O9) was investigated. The material was synthesized by sintering a mixture of CaCO3, SiO2, and ZrO2 and then mechanically activated using a planetary mill. This leads to a decrease in particle and crystallite size and a partial amorphization of baghdadite as shown by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and laser diffraction measurements. Baghdadite cements were formed by the addition of water at a powder to liquid ratio of 2.0 g/ml. Maximum compressive strengths were found to be ~2 MPa after 3-day setting for a 24-h ground material. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements showed an incongruent dissolution profile of set cements with a preferred dissolution of calcium and only marginal release of zirconium ions. Cement formation occurs under alkaline conditions, whereas the unground raw powder leads to a pH of 11.9 during setting, while prolonged grinding increased pH values to approximately 12.3. 相似文献
2.
We present some new lower bounds on the optimal information rate and on the optimal average information rate of secret sharing schemes with homogeneous access structure. These bounds are found by using some covering constructions and a new parameter, the k-degree of a participant, that is introduced in this paper. Our bounds improve the previous ones in almost all cases. 相似文献
3.
Hyperinsulinaemia, dyslipaemia and cardiovascular risk in girls with a history of premature pubarche
L Ibá?ez N Potau P Chacon C Pascual A Carrascosa 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,41(9):1057-1063
Girls with a history of premature pubarche, i.e. appearance of pubic hair before 8 years of age, show hyperinsulinism in response to an oral glucose tolerance test. As hyperinsulinaemia has a major role in dyslipaemia, and is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, we assessed the patterns of plasma insulin concentration after a standard oral glucose tolerance test as well as fasting serum lipid, lipoprotein, and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations in girls (n = 81) with premature pubarche compared with girls (n = 55) matched with them for stage and bone age to ascertain their metabolic states to identify those potentially at risk for the development of premature cardiovascular disease. Mean serum insulin concentrations were higher in patients at all pubertal stages, and associated with elevated serum triglyceride, very low density cholesterol and very low density triglyceride concentrations (p value range 0.04 to < 0.0001) but reduced sex hormone-binding globulin. Premature pubarche patients also displayed higher low density to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios compared with control subjects (p = 0.004 to 0.008). In conclusion, hyperinsulinaemia, decreased sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations and an unfavourable lipid pattern are common features in premature pubarche girls supporting the contention that atherogenic abnormalities composing the metabolic syndrome could start in childhood. To determine the clinical sequelae of such clustering of metabolic deviations, girls who were identified need to be followed up for the potential development of premature cardiovascular disease. 相似文献
4.
Dehydrogenation of Light Alkanes Over Rhenium Catalysts on Conventional and Mesoporous MFI Supports 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anne Krogh Rovik Anke Hagen Iver Schmidt Søren Dahl Ib Chorkendorff Claus Hviid Christensen 《Catalysis Letters》2006,109(3-4):153-156
Recently, Re/HZSM-5 (Si/Al = 15) was shown to be an efficient catalyst for ethane dehydrogenation and aromatization at 823 K
and atmospheric pressure. In this reaction, the major initial products were benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX), but increasing
amounts of ethene were produced with time on stream due to deactivation of the catalyst. We show that by use of rhenium impregnated
MFI supports with very few or no acidic sites (Si/Al > 500), highly selective ethane dehydrogenation catalysts are obtained
with ethene selectivities of 98%. By use of mesoporous MFI supports (Si/Al >500) the lifetime of the catalyst appears to be
slightly improved compared to conventional MFI crystals. The beneficial effect of a mesoporous MFI support is convincingly
demonstrated in propane dehydrogenation, where both conversion and selectivities on the mesoporous MFI (Si/Al > 500) impregnated
with Re are significantly higher than on Re supported on a comparable conventional MFI support. 相似文献
5.
M. Cartens E. Molina Grima A. Robles Medina A. Giménez Giménez J. Ibáñez González 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(8):1025-1031
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20∶5n-3) was obtained from the marine microalgaePhaeodactylum tricornutum by a three-step process: fatty acid extraction by direct saponification of biomass, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration
by formation of urea inclusion compounds, and EPA isolation by semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Alternatively, EPA was obtained by a similar two-step process without the PUFA concentration step by the urea method. Direct
saponification of biomass was carried out with two solvents that contained KOH for lipid saponification. An increase in yield
was obtained because the problems associated with emulsion formation were avoided by separating the biomass from the soap
solution before adding hexane for extraction of insaponifiables. The most efficient solvent, ethanol (96%) at 60°C for 1 h,
extracted 98.3% of EPA. PUFA were concentrated by the urea method with a urea/fatty acid ratio of 4∶1 at a crystallization
temperature of 28°C and by using methanol and ethanol as urea solvents. An EPA concentration ratio of 1.73 (55.2∶31.9) and
a recover yield of 78.6% were obtained with methanol as the urea solvent. This PUFA concentrate was used to obtain 93.4% pure
EPA by semipreparative HPLC with a reverse-phase, C18, 10 mm i.d.×25-cm column and methanol/water (1% acetic acid), 80∶20 w/w, as the mobile phase. Eighty-five percent of EPA
loaded was recovered, and 65.7% of EPA present inP. tricornutum biomass was recovered in highly pure form by this three-step downstream process. Alternatively, 93.6% pure EPA was isolated
from the fatty acid extract (without the PUFA concentration step) with 100% EPA recovery yield. This two-step process increases
the overall EPA yield to 98.3%, but it is only possible to obtain 20% as much EPA as that obtained by three-step downstream
processing. 相似文献
6.
Nielsen Per F.; Roepstorff Peter; Clausen Ib G.; Jensen Ejner B.; Jonassen Ib; Svendsen Allan; Balschmidt Per; Hansen Finn B. 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1989,2(6):449-457
Californium-252 plasma desorption mass spectrometry (PDMS) hasbeen employed for the characterization of a series of humaninsulin derivatives in order to evaluate the performance ofthis technique as an analytical tool in protein engineering.Several of the characterized modifications result in a 1 a.m.u.mass change. The precision in mass determination obtainableby PDMS analysis is not sufficient for unambiguous verificationof such modifications based on the molecular weight alone. Itis, however, possible to carry out in situ enzymatic digestionof the sample. Subsequent PDMS analysis will in most cases revealif the modification has been introduced as intended. 相似文献
7.
Edge matching puzzles have been amongst us for a long time now and traditionally they have been considered, both, a children’s game and an interesting mathematical divertimento. Their main characteristics have already been studied, and their worst-case complexity has been properly classified as a NP-complete problem. It is in recent times, specially after being used as the problem behind a money-prized contest, with a prize of 2US$ million for the first solver, that edge matching puzzles have attracted mainstream attention from wider audiences, including, of course, computer science people working on solving hard problems. We consider these competitions as an interesting opportunity to showcase SAT/CSP solving techniques when confronted to a real world problem to a broad audience, a part of the intrinsic, i.e. monetary, interest of such a contest. This article studies the NP-complete problem known as edge matching puzzle using SAT and CSP approaches for solving it. We will focus on providing, first and foremost, a theoretical framework, including a generalized definition of the problem. We will design and show algorithms for easy and fast problem instances generation, generators with easily tunable hardness. Afterwards we will provide with SAT and CSP models for the problems and we will study problem complexity, both typical case and worst-case complexity. We will also provide some specially crafted heuristics that result in a boost in solving time and study which is the effect of such heuristics. 相似文献
8.
Yttria-stabilized hafnia-zirconia thermal barrier coatings: The influence of hafnia addition on TBC structure and high-temperature behaviour 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The search for more reliable and durable thermal barrier systems is a key factor for future aircraft turbine engines success. Hafnia is therefore an attractive ceramic component due to its similarity to zirconia and its elevated structural transformation temperatures. We report here structural and thermomechanical investigations of various plasma-sprayed coatings composed of ZrO2+x mol% HfO2 (x=0, 25, 50 and 100), partially stabilized by 4.53 mol% yttria. X-ray diffraction studies show that, a metastable, non-transformable, high yttrium content, tetragonal solid solution is the only phase observed on the as-sprayed samples. This phase is crystallographically equivalent to the t phase described for classical yttrium-partially stabilized zirconia (Y-PSZ) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). Upon high-temperature annealing in air (T=1200C), however, the return of this t phase to equilibrium differs from the classical tt+c reaction. According to literature data, reactions of the type tt+c+m should prevail at the highest hafnia contents (x50). Indeed, important quantities of monoclinic phase are accordingly being observed upon cooling. Thermal cycling of TBC samples in air has been performed at 1100C. The Young's modulus of the ceramic coating, which progressively increases when hafnia is substituted for zirconia, has a strong influence on TBC thermomechanical resistance. 相似文献
9.
10.
Angela Fabregues Carles Sierra 《Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence》2011,24(7):1137-1146
There is a chronic lack of shared application domains to test advanced research models and agent negotiation architectures in Multiagent Systems. In this paper we introduce a friendly testbed for that purpose. The testbed is based on The Diplomacy Game where negotiation and the relationships between players play an essential role. The testbed profits from the existence of a large community of human players that know the game and can easily provide data for experiments. We explain the infrastructure in the paper and make it freely available to the AI community. 相似文献