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Jonathan M. Polfus Wen Xing Marit Riktor Martin F. Sunding Paul Inge Dahl Sidsel M. Hanetho Tommy Mokkelbost Yngve Larring Marie‐Laure Fontaine Rune Bredesen 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2016,99(3):1071-1078
Dense symmetric membranes of CaTi0.85?xFe0.15MnxO3?δ (x = 0.1, 0.15, 0.25, 0.4) are investigated in order to determine the optimal Mn dopant content with respect to highest O2 flux. O2 permeation measurements are performed as function of temperature between 700°C–1000°C and as function of the feed side ranging between 0.01 and 1 bar. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy is utilized to elucidate the charge state of Mn, and synchrotron radiation X‐ray powder diffraction (SR‐XPD) is employed to investigate the structure symmetry and cell volume of the perovskite phase at temperatures up to 800°C. The highest O2 permeability is found for x = 0.25 over the whole temperature and ranges, followed by x = 0.4 above 850°C. The O2 permeability for x = 0.25 reaches 0.01 mL(STP) min?1 cm?1 at 925°C with 0.21 bar feed side and Ar sweep gas. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that the charge state of Mn changes from approx. +3 to +4 when x > 0.1, which implies that Mn mainly improves electronic conductivity for x > 0.1. The cell volume is found to decrease linearly with Mn content, which coincides with an increase in the activation energy of O2 permeability. These results are consistent with the interpretation of the temperature and dependency of O2 permeation. The sintering behavior and thermal expansion properties are investigated by dilatometry, which show improved sinterability with increasing Mn content and that the thermal expansion coefficient decreases from 12.4 to 11.9 × 10?6 K?1 for x = 0 and x = 0.25, respectively. 相似文献
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Selçuk Yildirim Bettina Röcker Marit Kvalvåg Pettersen Julie Nilsen‐Nygaard Zehra Ayhan Ramune Rutkaite Tanja Radusin Patrycja Suminska Begonya Marcos Véronique Coma 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2018,17(1):165-199
The traditional role of food packaging is continuing to evolve in response to changing market needs. Current drivers such as consumer's demand for safer, “healthier,” and higher‐quality foods, ideally with a long shelf‐life; the demand for convenient and transparent packaging, and the preference for more sustainable packaging materials, have led to the development of new packaging technologies, such as active packaging (AP). As defined in the European regulation (EC) No 450/2009, AP systems are designed to “deliberately incorporate components that would release or absorb substances into or from the packaged food or the environment surrounding the food.” Active packaging materials are thereby “intended to extend the shelf‐life or to maintain or improve the condition of packaged food.” Although extensive research on AP technologies is being undertaken, many of these technologies have not yet been implemented successfully in commercial food packaging systems. Broad communication of their benefits in food product applications will facilitate the successful development and market introduction. In this review, an overview of AP technologies, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant or carbon dioxide‐releasing systems, and systems absorbing oxygen, moisture or ethylene, is provided, and, in particular, scientific publications illustrating the benefits of such technologies for specific food products are reviewed. Furthermore, the challenges in applying such AP technologies to food systems and the anticipated direction of future developments are discussed. This review will provide food and packaging scientists with a thorough understanding of the benefits of AP technologies when applied to specific foods and hence can assist in accelerating commercial adoption. 相似文献
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Die Dynamik der Technikentwicklung in den vergangenen Jahren konfrontiert Datenschützer immer wieder aufs Neue mit Risiken
für die Privatsph?re der Betroffenen — und es sieht so aus, als ob sich dies in den n?chsten Jahren und Jahrzehnten nicht
?ndern wird. Konzepte für einen lebenslangen Datenschutz erfordern ein Umdenken vom kurzatmigen Systementwurf zu langfristigen
und zukunftsf?higen Planungen. 相似文献
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Katrin Borcea-Pfitzmann Marit Hansen Katja Liesebach Andreas Pfitzmann Sandra Steinbrecher 《Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD》2007,31(9):671-675
Interacting in the Internet, users should be empowered to use only those subsets of their personal attributes, called partial
identities, which are appropriate for the actual situation and context. Refraining from acting under few and easily linkable
partial identities is a prerequisite for trustworthy privacy. Traditionally user-controlled identity management systems primarily
support individuals interacting with organisations, but mainly ignore special needs which arise if individuals interact with
each other. To support online communities those systems have to change.
From TU Dresden: Prof. Dr. Andreas Pfitzmann, head of the privacy and security group, and the research assistants Dipl.-Inform. Katrin Borcea-Pfitzmann,
Dipl. Medien-inf. Katja Liesebach and Dipl.-Inform. Sandra Steinbrecher.
From ULD, Kiel: Dipl.-Inform. Marit Hansen, head of PET division.
Research Focus: Privacy in Identity Management and Application Design
This work was funded in part by the PRIME project which receives research funding from the European Union’s Sixth Framework
Programme and the Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science. 相似文献
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A multitude of Norwegian rivers are managed for generating hydroelectric power (HEP). The hydrology of these hydrorivers changes in various ways which reflect the implemented HEP schemes. Increased winter flows and a concomitant lack of ice-cover are features found downstream of power installations on many Norwegian hydrorivers. Our study objectives were (1) to assess the changes in aquatic macrophyte abundance subsequent to HEP development; and (2) to evaluate the environmental conditions under which nuisance growths of macrophytes are likely to occur. Towards these ends, Norwegian literature data were compiled and assessed. Some case studies are outlined showing the variety of situations under which prolific growths of macrophytes might result. Unfortunately, available data on macrophyte-associated problems proved deficient in many respects. This occurred chiefly because most macrophyte studies are conducted either before, or after, an HEP scheme is completed. Evidently, no concerted efforts are made for assessing the likelihood of macrophyte-dominated nuisance growth in the planning stage of a Norwegian HEP scheme. 相似文献