An Optimized Combination of Mine Water Control,Treatment, Utilization,and Reinjection for Environmentally Sustainable Mining: A Case Study

This paper presents a case study of an optimized combination of mine water control, treatment, utilization and reinjection to achieve the zero discharge of mine water. Mine water has been considered a hazard and pollution source during underground mining, so most mining enterprises directly discharge mine water to the surface after simple treatment, resulting in a serious waste of water. Moreover, discharging a large amount of mine water can destroy the original groundwater balance and cause serious environmental problems, such as surface subsidence, water resource reduction and contamination, and adverse impacts on biodiversity. The Zhongguan iron mine is in the major groundwater source area of the Hundred Springs of Xingtai, which is an area with a high risk of potential subsidence. To optimize the balance between mining and groundwater resources, a series of engineering measures was adopted by the Zhongguan iron mine to realize mine water control, treatment, utilization, and reinjection. The installation of a closed grout curtain has greatly reduced the water yield of deep stopes in the mine; the effective sealing efficiency reaches 80%. Nanofiltration membrane separation was adopted to treat the highly mineralized mine water; the quality of the produced water meets China’s recommended class II groundwater standard. Low-grade heat energy from the mine water is collected and utilized through a water-source heat pump system. Finally, zero mine water discharge is realized through mine water reinjection. This research provides a beneficial reference for mines with similar geological and hydrogeological conditions to achieve environmentally sustainable mining.

     

利用锁模光纤激光器做时钟提取器的OTDM通信系统

简短评述了大容量和超大容量光通信系统的ＷＤＭ和ＯＴＤＭ技术，提出了一个在ＯＴＤＭ通信系统中用锁模光纤激光器做时钟提取器的新方法，给出了一个利用设置波分预标时钟脉冲方案构成的新的全光型ＯＴＤＭ通信实验系统结构。     

An experimental investigation on slope stability under drawdown conditions using transparent soils

This paper presents an experimental investigation into slope failure during water-level drawdown using transparent soil. The internal characteristics of slope failure are not well-known due to the limitations of the techniques used in the experiments conducted to date. In this study, transparent soil is used to visualize the process of slope failure. We developed a water-level control system to implement simulation of the drawdown of the water level at various speeds and used a charge-coupled device camera to capture images during the entire slope failure process. Particle image velocimetry was used to measure the displacement of the sand particles and identify the sliding zones. The flow paths of the fluid inside the slope were illuminated using an organic dye. The results show that the slope failure process can be divided into two stages: surface and overall sliding. The overall sliding of the slope is caused by the gradual development of partial instability, and the failure mode is a cyclic failure. The slope angle is different above and below the water level during the process of sliding. In our experiments, the slope angle is about 20° above the water level, which is the same as the final stable slope angle, and about 35° below the water level, which is the same as the initial slope angle. This means that the drawdown influences the angle above the water level but has little influence on the angle below the water level. The results of this paper provide a better understanding of the physical behavior and failure mode of soil slopes caused by drawdowns near the coast.     

密闭容器内失控反应超压的数学建模及其在压力泄放中的应用

安全泄放是在失控条件下降低反应体系风险最为经济有效的技术措施之一。研究压力的数学模型既可以为泄放计算提供必要的参数,又可以让工程师深入了解样品在容器内的压力变化情况,设计出更可靠的泄放系统,并且在减少实验量的同时,还可以计算不同装载率下的泄放面积。以20% DTBP（过氧化二叔丁基）的ARC（加速度量热仪）测试为标准,结合理论推导得到了绝热条件下密闭容器中失控反应超压的数学模型,并将绝热修正后的压力测试曲线与模型模拟的压力曲线对比,验证了模型的正确性。最后,将模型的压力模拟数据应用于20% DTBP的泄放计算中,结合Leung方法,得到了不同装载率下的泄放面积,发现在装载率为20%时,泄放面积达到最大为0.0035 m²。研究结果表明建立的压力数学模型是正确可靠的,并且该模型能较好地应用于压力泄放的计算中。     

二次受力钢筋砼连续迭合梁斜截面强度试验研究

本文通过对二次受力钢筋砼连续迭合梁斜截面受力性能的试验研究,探讨了其斜截面二次受力特点,分析了截面剪应力重分布的过程。指出,随截面剪应力重分布的发展,该种梁与相应一次受力对比梁的差异逐渐减小,至极限破坏时,差异基本消失。从而从机理上解释了“迭合梁抗剪强度此相应整浇梁不会降低”这一尚未研究清楚的客观现象。在此基础上,本文提出了斜截面抗剪强度计算公式。     

Anomalous Stability Zones of a Ring Cavity Ti: sapphire Laser

ＡｎｏｍａｌｏｕｓＳｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙＺｏｎｅｓｏｆａＲｉｎｇＣａｖｉｔｙＴｉ：ｓａｐｐｈｉｒｅＬａｓｅｒＺｈａｎｇＧｕｉｚｈｏｎｇＸｉａｎｇＷａｎｇｈｕａＨｕａｎｇＹｏｎｇｔｉｅ（ＣｏｌｅｇｅｏｆＰｒｅｃｉｓｉｏｎＩｎｓｔｒｕｍｅｎｔａｎｄＯｐｔｏｅ...     

Polymorph control of a complex BaCO3 superstructure through the cooperation of an insoluble polylactide self-assembled film and soluble poly allylamine modifier

We have developed a novel 3D polymer template composed of a self-assembled film (SAF, insoluble polylactide film) and a soluble modifier (poly allylamine) and used this template to synthesize barium carbonate with a complex superstructure. Controlled synthesis of barium carbonate with novel morphologies such as spherical crystals consisting of needle-like building blocks, flower-like congeries consisting of one pronounced backbone and many shuttle-like petals, raft-like barium carbonate bundles consisting of tiny fractions etc., was realized by finely tuning the alignment and self-assembly of rods using the double template. The observed crystallization can proceed along the so-called rod-dumbbell-sphere formation process. This approach will be further extended to polymer-controlled fabrication of related minerals with novel, complex superstructures.     

Ultrathin PECVD epitaxial Si solar cells on glass via low‐temperature transfer process

Fabrication of high‐quality ultrathin monocrystalline silicon layers and their transfer to low‐cost substrates are key steps for flexible electronics and photovoltaics. In this work, we demonstrate a low‐temperature and low‐cost process for ultrathin silicon solar cells. By using standard plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), we grow high‐quality epitaxial silicon layers (epi‐PECVD) from SiH₄/H₂ gas mixtures at 175 °C. Using secondary ion mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy, we show that the porosity of the epi‐PECVD/crystalline silicon interface can be tuned by controlling the hydrogen accumulation there. Moreover, we demonstrate that 13–14% porosity is a threshold above which the interface becomes fragile and can easily be cleaved. Taking advantage of the H‐rich interface fragility, we demonstrate the transfer of large areas (∽10 cm²) ultrathin epi‐PECVD layers (0.5–5.5 µm) onto glass substrates by anodic bonding and moderate annealing (275–350 °C). The structural properties of transferred layers are assessed, and the first PECVD epitaxial silicon solar cells transferred on glass are characterized. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hydrogeological Effects of Fault Geometry for Analysing Groundwater Inflow in a Coal Mine

We investigated the relationship between mine water inflow and fault development. Statistical methods and grey relational analysis (GRA) were used to analyse the relationship between fault complexity and mine water inflow. Major characteristics, such as the fault number, fault strike length, fault throw, fault intersections, and endpoints, were considered to depict fault complexity. The degree of fault complexity was described using a fault influence factor (E) and fault fractal dimensions (Ds). In addition, an inverse distance-weighting interpolation method was used to better describe the fault characteristics. The fault complexity in the study area was divided into four qualitative levels: simple, moderate, relatively complex, and complex. The results show that water pressure and fault complexity have separate nonlinear relationships with mine water inflow. An equation that presents the correlation between parameters and water inflow was derived using the GRA method.

     

闽江流域水环境地理信息系统的建设

介绍闽江流域水环境地理信息系统的基本结构、数据生成、主要功能和技术特点。