提高尾矿设施的工作效率

本文叙述了卡奇卡纳尔采选公司与科研，设计单位合作开展科研工作，提高尾矿设施工作效率的经验。     

磁铁矿选矿技术和工艺的改进

本文叙述了在若干采选公司采用磁－重选矿法分选磁铁矿精矿的工业试验结果。试验结果表明，采用磁－重选矿法，不但能提高精矿质量，而且还能降低磨矿费用，减少由于矿泥所带来的铁的损失。磁－重选矿法的特点是把磁铁矿连生体粒级从磁铁矿精矿中排入到单独的料流中去，从面磁性粒组（接近于单一矿物成分）选入最后一两级选矿段。     

The effect of electrical head-only stun duration on electroencephalographic-measured seizure and brain amino acid neurotransmitter release

Effective electrical head-only stunning produces a seizure-like state followed by a period of analgesia seen in animals allowed to recover. Passing of a 1·0 A current (50 Hz, 500 V) for less than 0·2 s, through the head of a sheep does not produce a seizure-like state as evidenced by recorded electroencephalogram. Corresponding to this lack of seizure-like state, the release of the neurotransmitters glutamate and aspartate, in the brain, occurs to levels associated with arousal rather than seizure. At a duration of 0·2 s, the same stun parameters as above produce a seizure-like state and the release of glutamate and aspartate rises dramatically. The length of the seizure-like state, and the levels of release of glutamate, aspartate and a third neurotransmitter gamma amino-4-butyric acid (GABA), increased with stun duration until 4·0 s duration, where a peak in these parameters was seen. Stun durations of 2·0, 4·0, 8·0 and 12·0 s all produce similar effects. At a duration of 20 s, however, the length of the seizure-like state and the release of neurotransmitters is less than at shorter stun durations. For welfare purposes a head-only electrical stun, of 1·0 A, at a duration as low as 0·2 s produces unconsciousness and analgesia to subsequent slaughter procedures. However, maximum welfare benefits appear attainable at durations between 2·0 and 20·0 s.     

Tissue dynamics spectroscopy for three-dimensional tissue-based drug screening

Tissue dynamics spectroscopy combines dynamic light scattering with short-coherence digital holography to capture intracellular motion inside multicellular tumor spheroid tissue models. The cellular mechanical activity becomes an endogenous imaging contrast agent for motility contrast imaging. Fluctuation spectroscopy is performed on dynamic speckle from the proliferating shell and hypoxic core to generate drug-response spectrograms that are frequency versus time representations of the changes in spectral content induced by an applied compound or an environmental perturbation. A combination of 28 reference compounds and conditions applied to rat osteogenic UMR-106 spheroids generated spectrograms that were crosscorrelated in a similarity matrix used for unsupervised hierarchical clustering of similar compound responses. This work establishes the feasibility of tissue dynamics spectroscopy for three-dimensional tissue-based phenotypic profiling of drug response as a fully endogenous probe of the response of tissue to reference compounds.     

Lane-change detection using a computational driver model

OBJECTIVE: This paper introduces a robust, real-time system for detecting driver lane changes. Background: As intelligent transportation systems evolve to assist drivers in their intended behaviors, the systems have demonstrated a need for methods of inferring driver intentions and detecting intended maneuvers. METHOD: Using a "model tracing" methodology, our system simulates a set of possible driver intentions and their resulting behaviors using a simplification of a previously validated computational model of driver behavior. The system compares the model's simulated behavior with a driver's actual observed behavior and thus continually infers the driver's unobservable intentions from her or his observable actions. RESULTS: For data collected in a driving simulator, the system detects 82% of lane changes within 0.5 s of maneuver onset (assuming a 5% false alarm rate), 93% within 1 s, and 95% before the vehicle moves one fourth of the lane width laterally. For data collected from an instrumented vehicle, the system detects 61% within 0.5 s, 77% within 1 s, and 84% before the vehicle moves one-fourth of the lane width laterally. CONCLUSION: The model-tracing system is the first system to demonstrate high sample-by-sample accuracy at low false alarm rates as well as high accuracy over the course of a lane change with respect to time and lateral movement. APPLICATION: By providing robust real-time detection of driver lane changes, the system shows good promise for incorporation into the next generation of intelligent transportation systems.     

Multiplicative updates for nonnegative quadratic programming

Many problems in neural computation and statistical learning involve optimizations with nonnegativity constraints. In this article, we study convex problems in quadratic programming where the optimization is confined to an axis-aligned region in the nonnegative orthant. For these problems, we derive multiplicative updates that improve the value of the objective function at each iteration and converge monotonically to the global minimum. The updates have a simple closed form and do not involve any heuristics or free parameters that must be tuned to ensure convergence. Despite their simplicity, they differ strikingly in form from other multiplicative updates used in machine learning. We provide complete proofs of convergence for these updates and describe their application to problems in signal processing and pattern recognition.