Contextual Resource Negotiation-Based Task Allocation and Load Balancing in Complex Software Systems

In the complex software systems, software agents always need to negotiate with other agents within their physical and social contexts when they execute tasks. Obviously, the capacity of a software agent to execute tasks is determined by not only itself but also its contextual agents; thus, the number of tasks allocated on an agent should be directly proportional to its self-owned resources as well as its contextual agents' resources. This paper presents a novel task allocation model based on the contextual resource negotiation. In the presented task allocation model, while a task comes to the software system, it is first assigned to a principal agent that has high contextual enrichment factor for the required resources; then, the principal agent will negotiate with its contextual agents to execute the assigned task. However, while multiple tasks come to the software system, it is necessary to make load balancing to avoid overconvergence of tasks at certain agents that are rich of contextual resources. Thus, this paper also presents a novel load balancing method: if there are overlarge number of tasks queued for a certain agent, the capacities of both the agent itself and its contextual agents to accept new tasks will be reduced. Therefore, in this paper, the task allocation and load balancing are implemented according to the contextual resource distribution of agents, which can be well suited for the characteristics of complex software systems; and the presented model can reduce more communication costs between allocated agents than the previous methods based on self-owned resource distribution of agents.     

Cluster partition-based communication of multiagents: The model and analyses

In previous works, the agent communication always takes place randomly through the whole agents distributed area, and all agents are treated equally in the communication process. However, the real communication is always imbalanced: communication in some places of the system may be very busy and the communication resources are insufficient, whereas in other places the communication may be very idle and the communication resources are redundant. To make up the shortage of related works, this paper presents a cluster partition-based communication model for multiagents. In the presented model, agents are divided into some clusters according to their communication frequencies; in each cluster, one agent is set to be hub-agent which carries the information of other agents within the cluster. With the presented model, the communication costs within the same cluster is lower than the one among different clusters because agents have closer distances within the same cluster; moreover, many real communication processes may take place within clusters since the clusters are partitioned according to the communication frequencies among agents. Therefore, the communication time and costs can be reduced by adopting our model. Finally, the advantage of our model is proved by a series of experiments.     

Formation and Height of the Interconnected Fractures Zone after Extraction of Thick Coal Seams with Weak Overburden in Western China

Formation of a zone of interconnected fractures during coal mining is a key factor in mine flooding. Coal mines in western China are characterized by thick coal seams with mechanically weak overburden. In situ studies including drill core analysis, drilling fluid loss measurement, and borehole video monitoring were used at the working face 101 in Shaanxi Jinjitan coal mine to explore the maximum height of the interconnected fractures zone (IFZ). Also, tests on a scaled physical model and numerical simulation based on the drilling data were used to study the formation of the fractured zone. By considering data from other mines with similar mining conditions, a logarithmic relationship was found between the maximum height of the IFZ and the thickness of coal excavation. The maximum height of the IFZ was found to be 27 times the thickness of the excavated coal seam, which is far more than in coal mining areas in eastern China. Also, the IFZ in overlying strata of the study area was arch-shaped, not saddle-shaped, as had been observed in previous studies.     

Numerical Simulation of Water Flow from the Coal Seam Floor in a Deep Longwall Mine in China

The study of groundwater flow from the coal seam floor is critical to safe mining operations in China. We developed a numerical simulation model to describe flood water pathways during mining, using the field conditions present at the no. 4196 west work face in the Panxi longwall coal mine, Shandong Province, China, Groundwater flow analysis revealed unusual values for the failure depth of the coal seam floor. The high ground stress and underground pressure, excavation length, width of working face, poor mechanical properties of aquitards, and expansion of fractures by groundwater infiltration all contribute to groundwater flow into the mine. The modeling results predict the time and longwall locations associated with the maximum likelihood of flood occurrence. Such results can be used by decision makers to improve mine design and safety.     

把握整体环境 创作现代建筑──浅谈张掖宾馆二期扩建工程的环境设计

建筑的设计及创新必须把握整体环境。不做环境的分析，“放之四海而皆准”的建筑设计是不存在的。分析了中小型旅游建筑的环境及空间与古建筑的关系及处理手法等。     

岩溶泉域煤矿奥灰顶部相对隔水性及水文地质特征研究

 奥灰岩溶水水害是华北型煤田深部开采的关键制约因素,复杂的水文地质环境是灾害频发的主因。运用钻探、水文地质试验及地球物理探测手段对保德井田奥陶系顶部岩性、岩溶裂隙发育特征及相对富水性进行综合研究,论证研究区奥灰顶部相对隔水性。实施单孔抽水试验及群孔抽水试验,查明奥灰含水层渗流场特征;通过岩溶水水化学分析,探讨奥灰含水层水化学场特征及其演化规律：沿径流路径,岩溶水水质类型总体呈HCO3→HCO3•Cl→Cl的演化顺序。依据奥灰含水层水化学特征划分岩溶水径流分区,表明井田奥灰含水层处于弱径流–滞流区。基于井田奥灰含水层水文地质特征,提出奥灰顶部注浆改造的“深度合理,施工便利;物探先行,靶区圈定;优先布网,监控紧跟;上游布孔,引导注浆;成效保障,环保并重”的总体原则,对深部开采奥灰岩溶水水害防控及顶部注浆改造实施具有一定的指导意义。     

高压处理对Cu-50.84Cr-0.48Al合金热扩散系数和热膨胀性能的影响

采用热常数测试仪和膨胀仪测试了经高压处理前后Cu-50.84Cr-0.48Al合金的热扩散系数和热膨胀系数,并借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对经高压处理前后Cu-50.84Cr-0.48Al合金的组织进行观察。在此基础上,探讨了高压处理对Cu-50.84Cr-0.48Al合金热扩散系数和热膨胀系数的影响。结果表明:高压处理能增大Cu-50.84Cr-0.48Al合金的热扩散系数,当压力为1 GPa,该合金的热扩散系数为0.4188 cm2·s-1,较高压处理前的提高了10.65%,压力超过1 GPa时,合金的热扩散系数随压力的增大变化不明显。对热膨胀系数来说,当温度低于96℃时,1 GPa压力处理对合金的热膨胀系数影响不大,温度高于96℃时,1 GPa压力处理能增大合金的热膨胀系数。Cu-50.84Cr-0.48Al合金经高压处理后致密性的升高是导致该合金的热扩散系数及热膨胀系数增大的主要原因。     

基于断层封闭性的导水性评价及防隔水煤柱设计

山东王楼煤矿自建井以来一直受矿井涌水的影响.刘官屯断层贯穿王楼井田中部,该断层附近多个工作面的涌水量居高不下,判断该断层是否导水,进而留设合理宽度的断层防隔水煤岩柱,对防止王楼煤矿断层突水,减小矿井涌水量至关重要.本文以王楼煤矿27309工作面刘官屯断层防隔水煤岩柱留设为例,通过岩性并置图法、SGR断层泥比率法和断面正...     

Prominence convergence in the collective synchronization of situated multi-agents

In previous work on collective synchronization of multi-agents, they always follow the assumptions that the synchronization is flat where all agents have the same synchronization capacity and the final synchronization result always converges on a common average strategy. However, in many circumstances the above assumption does not match the peculiarities of real multi-agent societies where each agent plays a different role in the synchronization. To make up the restrictions of related work, this paper presents a non-flat synchronization model where the synchronization capacity of each agent is different regarding its social rank and strategy dominance. In the presented model, all agents are situated in a synchronization field where each agent can sense the collective synchronization forces from other agents; if some agents are more prominent than other ordinary agents (e.g., they have the dominance of social ranks or behavior strategies), they will have strong synchronization capacities in the field; and finally the collective synchronization results may incline to converge at such prominent agents' strategies, which is called prominence convergence in collective synchronization and can be proved by our theoretical analyses and experimental results.