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排序方式: 共有194条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Hirokazu Ikeda Chikara Fukunaga Yutaka Saitoh Masahiro Inoue Junko Yamanaka 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》1996,380(3):618-622
The radiation tolerance for prototype front-end chips designed for a silicon micro-strip detector was examined with a 60Co irradiation source to establish an allowable range of the radiation dose. The irradiated front-end chips were SMA2SH-64A, a 64-channel preamplifier array; SMA2SH-1, a single-channel preamplifier circuit with a comparator; and Control-C, a digital-control chip for the preamplifiers. 相似文献
2.
Suga M Nishiyama H Konyuba Y Iwamatsu S Watanabe Y Yoshiura C Ueda T Sato C 《Ultramicroscopy》2011,111(12):1650-1658
Although conventional electron microscopy (EM) requires samples to be in vacuum, most chemical and physical reactions occur in liquid or gas. The Atmospheric Scanning Electron Microscope (ASEM) can observe dynamic phenomena in liquid or gas under atmospheric pressure in real time. An electron-permeable window made of pressure-resistant 100 nm-thick silicon nitride (SiN) film, set into the bottom of the open ASEM sample dish, allows an electron beam to be projected from underneath the sample. A detector positioned below captures backscattered electrons. Using the ASEM, we observed the radiation-induced self-organization process of particles, as well as phenomena accompanying volume change, including evaporation-induced crystallization. Using the electrochemical ASEM dish, we observed tree-like electrochemical depositions on the cathode. In silver nitrate solution, we observed silver depositions near the cathode forming incidental internal voids. The heated ASEM dish allowed observation of patterns of contrast in melting and solidifying solder. Finally, to demonstrate its applicability for monitoring and control of industrial processes, silver paste and solder paste were examined at high throughput. High resolution, imaging speed, flexibility, adaptability, and ease of use facilitate the observation of previously difficult-to-image phenomena, and make the ASEM applicable to various fields. 相似文献
3.
Phosphorus flame retardants in indoor dust and their relation to asthma and allergies of inhabitants
A. Araki I. Saito A. Kanazawa K. Morimoto K. Nakayama E. Shibata M. Tanaka T. Takigawa T. Yoshimura H. Chikara Y. Saijo R. Kishi 《Indoor air》2014,24(1):3-15
Organophosphate esters are used as additives in flame retardants and plasticizers, and they are ubiquitous in the indoor environment. Phosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) are present in residential dust, but few epidemiological studies have assessed their impact on human health. We measured the levels of 11 PFRs in indoor floor dust and multi‐surface dust in 182 single‐family dwellings in Japan. We evaluated their correlations with asthma and allergies of the inhabitants. Tris(2‐butoxyethyl) phosphate was detected in all samples (median value: 580 μg/g in floor dust, 111 μg/g in multi‐surface dust). Tris(2‐chloro‐iso‐propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) was detected at 8.69 μg/g in floor dust and 25.8 μg/g in multi‐surface dust. After adjustment for potential confounders, significant associations were found between the prevalence of atopic dermatitis and the presence of TCIPP and tris(1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propyl) phosphate in floor dust [per log10‐unit, odds ratio (OR): 2.43 and 1.84, respectively]. Tributyl phosphate was significantly associated with the prevalence of asthma (OR: 2.85 in floor dust, 5.34 in multi‐surface dust) and allergic rhinitis (OR: 2.55 in multi‐surface dust). PFR levels in Japan were high compared with values reported previously for Europe, Asia‐Pacific, and the USA. Higher levels of PFRs in house dust were related to the inhabitants' health status. 相似文献
4.
Tomoya Tanaka Tomio Kamada Chikara Ohta 《International Journal of Network Management》2021,31(6):e2173
The importance of real-time notification has been growing for social services and Intelligent Transporting System (ITS). As an advanced version of Pub/Sub systems, publish-process-subscribe systems, where published messages are spooled and processed on edge servers, have been proposed to achieve data-driven intelligent notifications. In this paper, we present a system that allows a topic to be managed on multiple edge servers so that messages are processed near the publishers, even when publishers spread over a wide area. Duplicating messages on geographically distributed servers could enable immediate notification to neighboring subscribers. However, the duplicated message spool may cause exhaustion of resources. We prepare a formal model of our publish-process-subscribe system and formulate the topic allocation as an optimization problem under the resource constraints of edge servers. As the optimization problem is NP-hard, we propose heuristics leveraging the locality and the pub/sub relationships observed between clients to use the edge server resources efficiently. Our performance evaluation shows that our method reduces the delay to deliver notifications and the effectiveness of the strategy exploiting the relationships between clients. 相似文献
5.
6.
Chikara Tsutsumi Ryouji Watanabe Ayaka Tokumaru Nao Kuwaoka Yuushou Nakayama Takeshi Shiono 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2016,133(39)
Synthetic l ‐lactide random copolymers can be employed as controlled release materials when prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2), since they are biodegradable via hydrolysis. To determine the effects of thermal properties on polymer performance following scCO2 processing, three types of poly(l ‐lactide) having different properties were assessed. The Tm of one poly(l ‐lactide) sample (H‐100) was found to be approximately 170 °C over the processing pressure range from 8 to 18 MPa, while a second sample (H‐440) also showed a constant value of approximately 152 °C. In contrast, the poly(l ‐lactide) REVODE exhibited a Tm of 146 °C prior to processing but a higher value of 147 °C following treatment at 8 MPa. Unlike the H‐100 and H‐440, the Tm value of the REVODE tended to decrease with increasing pressure. The Tg values increased greatly under mild conditions of 8 MPa pressure and a temperature of 40 °C. In particular, the Tg values for the H‐440 and REVODE increased by 4 °C and 5 °C, respectively. All Tg values were lowest at 12 MPa and increased with increasing processing pressure, although the effect of processing temperature was minimal. The Χc DSC of the H‐100 was 18% initially but increased to 20% upon scCO2 processing at 40 °C and 14 MPa, and showed further increases at higher processing temperatures. Although the relationship between processing temperature and Χc DSC values for the H‐440 showed the same trend as observed with the H‐100, a different trend was seen for the REVODE. The Χc XRD values obtained from the XRD analyses differed from the values generated by DSC analysis, and showed a maximum degree of crystallinity following processing at 80 °C both with and without scCO2 treatment. ATR FT‐IR analyses identified peaks due to semicrystalline regions in poly(l ‐lactide) samples treated with scCO2, even when applying low temperatures. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 44006. 相似文献
7.
Jun Nakamura Yuusuke Maruyama Genichi Tajima Makiko Suwa Chikara Sato 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(6)
The Ca2+-ATPase is an integral transmembrane Ca2+ pump of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Crystallization of the cytoplasmic surface ATPase molecules of isolated scallop SR vesicles was studied at various calcium concentrations by negative stain electron microscopy. In the absence of ATP, round SR vesicles displaying an assembly of small crystalline patches of ATPase molecules were observed at 18 µM [Ca2+]. These partly transformed into tightly elongated vesicles containing ATPase crystalline arrays at low [Ca2+] (≤1.3 µM). The arrays were classified as ‘’tetramer’’, “two-rail” (like a railroad) and ‘’monomer’’. Their crystallinity was low, and they were unstable. In the presence of ATP (5 mM) at a low [Ca2+] of ~0.002 µM, “two-rail” arrays of high crystallinity appeared more frequently in the tightly elongated vesicles and the distinct tetramer arrays disappeared. During prolonged (~2.5 h) incubation, ATP was consumed and tetramer arrays reappeared. A specific ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin, prevented both crystal formation and vesicle elongation in the presence of ATP. Together with the second part of this study, these data suggest that the ATPase forms tetramer units and longer tetramer crystalline arrays to elongate SR vesicles, and that the arrays transform into more stable “two-rail” forms in the presence of ATP at low [Ca2+]. 相似文献
8.
Chikara Konno Kentaro Ochiai Masayuki Wada Kosuke Takakura Satoshi Sato 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2009,84(7-11):1095-1098
In order to specify the best nuclear data on iron, the fusion neutronics benchmark experiment on iron at Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA)/Fusion Neutronics Source (FNS) was analyzed in detail with MCNP-4C and the latest nuclear data libraries, JENDL-3.3, FENDL-2.1, JEFF-3.1 and ENDF/B-VII.0. As a result, totally the calculation result with ENDF/B-VII.0 agreed with the measurement best, except that it underestimated the measured neutron flux above 10 MeV with the depth. It was noted that the calculation result with JENDL-3.3 overestimated the measured neutrons below a few keV. Through the DORT calculations based on the iron data in ENDF/B-VII.0, it was found out that the first inelastic scattering cross-section data of 57Fe in JENDL-3.3 caused the overestimation. 相似文献
9.
10.
Ill Yong Kim Ryota Iwatsuki Koichi Kikuta Yumi Morita Toshiki Miyazaki Chikara Ohtsuki 《Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications》2011,31(7):1472-1476
Osteoconductive materials with self-setting ability have received much attention because their properties allow developing injectable materials for bone defects. Thermosensitive hydrogel with ability of bone-like apatite formation in a body environment is a candidate of injectable bone fillers with osteoconductivity because the apatite formation on materials is an essential to show osteoconduction. The present study focused on the development of a thermosensitive hydrogel through modifications of the sulphonic groups of the polysaccharide, κ-carrageenan, with potassium chloride (KCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2). We found that the gelation temperature of κ-carrageenan solutions increased with increasing amounts of K+ ions. Apatite formation was observed on the gel after exposure to simulated body fluid for 0.5 day when the gel was prepared with a molar ratio of Ca2+/sulfonic groups = 1.5. These results indicate that a thermosensitive κ-carrageenan hydrogel with apatite-forming ability was obtained through the incorporation of K+ and Ca2+ ions into the solution. 相似文献