Development of an internet and fuzzy based control system of manufacturing process

The aim of this work is to develop an Internet and fuzzy based control and data acquisition system for an industrial process plant which can ensure remote running and fuzzy control of a cement factory. Cases studies of the proposed system application in three cement factories in Algeria, SCAEK (Setif), SCIMAT (Batna), and SCT (Tebessa), are discussed. The remote process control consists of alarms generated during running of the processes while maintaining and synchronizing different regulation loops thus ensuring automatic running of processes smoothly. In addition, fuzzy control of the kiln and the other two mills ensures that the system is operational at all times with minimal downtime. The process control system contains different operator station (OP), alarms table and a provision to monitor trends analysis. The operator can execute any operation according to his authorised access assigned by the system administrator using user administration tool. The Internet technology is used for human security by avoiding all times presence of operators at site for maintenance. Further, in case of a breakdown, the problem would be remotely diagnosed and resolved avoiding requirement of an expert on site thus eliminating traveling cost, security risks, visa formalities, etc. These trips are difficult to organize (costs, visas, risks). So the enterprise can reduce downtimes and travel costs. In order to realize a process control system guided by operators in the main control room or through Internet, the process control is based on programming in PCS 7 utilizing Cemat library and Fuzzy Control++ Siemens tools.     

Microwave irradiation under different pH conditions induced a decrease in β-lactoglobulin antigenicity

Whey proteins adjusted at pH values 2, 4.6, 9 and at the natural milk pH (pH 6.8) were subjected to microwave irradiation at 300 W for 20 min or 700 W for 10 min. The protein composition of treated and native whey proteins were evaluated by Lowry’s method and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The ability of treated whey to bind IgG polyclonal antibody was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera obtained from rabbit immunized to β-Lactoglobulin (β-Lg). Significantly higher losses in soluble protein concentrations were observed for microwave irradiated whey proteins at pH value 4.6 (35.6% at 300 W and 44.33% at 700 W) (P < 0.0001) compared with those irradiated at the natural milk pH (26% at 300 or 700 W). The electrophoretic patterns of these proteins revealed a considerable decrease in intensity of the band corresponding to α-lactalbumin but only a slight modification was observed for the electrophoretic profiles of β-lactoglobulin. The data obtained with a rabbit anti-β-lactoglobulin immunoglobulin indicated a low antigenic response for microwave-irradiated whey proteins at the natural milk pH (up to 29.32% as well as 300–700 W) (P < 0.001). The lowest antigenicity was observed for samples adjusted to pH 4.6 followed by microwave irradiation at 300 or 700 W (46.99% at 300 W and 41.16% at 700 W) (P < 0.0001).     

Purpose-restricted Anonymous Mobile Communications Using Anonymous Signatures in Online Credential Systems

To avoid the risk of long-term storage of secrets on a portable device, an online credential system supports the roaming user in retrieving securely at various locations his private key and other material to generate anonymous signatures. The protocol proposed here allows a roaming mobile user to access anonymously services such as whistle blowing and net-counselling. Our approach: (1) allows a mobile user, remembering a short password, to anonymously and securely retrieve the credentials necessary for his anonymous communication without assuming a pre-established anonymous channel to the credential server or establishing an anonymous channel using the time-consuming existing rerouting techniques; (2) provides authenticated anonymous access to privacy-related services without rerouting the packets; (3) helps combatting the abuse of anonymity for performing illegal activities (e.g. redistribution of copy-righted contents, illegal drug trading and so on).     

Heat transfer inside a horizontal channel with an open trapezoidal enclosure subjected to a heat source of different lengths

The heat transfer phenomena inside a horizontal channel with an open trapezoidal enclosure subjected to a heat source of different lengths was investigated numerically in the present work. The heat source is considered as a local heating element of varying length, which is embedded at the bottom wall of the enclosure and maintained at a constant temperature. The air flow enters the channel horizontally at a constant cold temperature and a fixed velocity. The other walls of the enclosure and the channel are kept thermally insulated. The flow is assumed laminar, incompressible, and two‐dimensional, whereas the fluid is considered Newtonian. The results are presented in the form of the contours of velocity, isotherms, and Nusselt numbers profiles for various values of the dimensionless heat source lengths (0.16 ≤ ε ≤ 1). while, both Prandtl and Reynolds numbers are kept constant at (Pr = 0.71) and (Re = 100), respectively. The results indicated that the distribution of the isotherms depends significantly on the length of the heat source. Also, it was noted that both the local and the average Nusselt numbers increase as the local heat source length increases. Moreover, the maximum temperature is located near the heat source location.     

Synthesis,Labeling and Preclinical Evaluation of a Squaric Acid Containing PSMA Inhibitor Labeled with 68Ga: A Comparison with PSMA-11 and PSMA-617

The L-lysine urea-L-glutamate (KuE) represents a key motif in recent diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals targeting the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Using a squaric acid moiety for coupling of KuE with a radioactive label, the squaric acid as a linker in the PSMA ligand seems to mimic the aromatic structure of the naphthylalanine unit on PSMA-617. In this work, we investigate the influence of squaric acid moiety on the biological activity of the compound carrying a KuE motif and three typical chelates. The derivatives TRAM.SA.KuE, DOTAGA.SA.KuE and NODAGA.SA.KuE were all synthesized in straightforward organic reactions and purified by HPLC afterward. Different amounts of tracer were labeled at different temperatures with ⁶⁸Ga. PET examinations were performed on NMRInu/nu nude mice with an LNCaP tumor on the right hind leg including ex vivo investigations of the organs. For comparison, ⁶⁸Ga-derivatives of PSMA-11 and PSMA-617, the derivatives most commonly used in clinics, were investigated in the same animal model.     

Secure End-to-End Architecture for E-commerce Security-Oriented Transaction

E-commerce （business-to-consumer electronic commerce）, one form of which is Web-based shopping, is defined as electronic-based economic transactions conducted between individual consumers and organizations. While this form of ecommerce is forecasted to grow rapidly for the foreseeable future, it still represents only a small fraction of total consumer spending. To better take advantage and be prepared for this economic phenomenon, organizations need to identify and understand factors that may impact consumers＇ decisions to engage in Web-based e-commerce. Recently, the importance of security has been discussed in both the academic and practitioner press. The impact of security on the use of e-commerce has been established empirically.     

Toward the development of an innovative descaling and corrosion inhibiting solutions to protect mild steel equipment: an experimental and theoretical approach

Abstract

This work proposes a mixture of sulfamic and perchloric acids as a descaling solution and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and imidazole for the improvement in the corrosion resistance of mild steel. The experiments were carried out at different temperatures using mass loss and electrochemical techniques. The samples were characterized by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry, SEM-EDS, and X-ray diffraction techniques. The study showed that CTAB and imidazole can serve as the efficient corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in descaling solution and were found to follow the model of Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Potentiodynamic polarization was performed at temperature 295, 305, 315, and 325?K, and it can be concluded that the CTAB/imidazole acted as mixed type corrosion inhibitors. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies revealed that increase in imidazole concentration, resulted into the increased polarization resistance with simultaneous lowering of double-layer capacitance values. Computational techniques were used to support experimental results.     

Impact of Inhaled Nitric Oxide on the Sulfatide Profile of Neonatal Rat Brain Studied by TOF-SIMS Imaging

Despite advances in neonatal intensive care leading to an increased survival rate in preterm infants, brain lesions and subsequent neurological handicaps following preterm birth remain a critical issue. To prevent brain injury and/or enhance repair, one of the most promising therapies investigated in preclinical models is inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). We have assessed the effect of this therapy on brain lipid content in air- and iNO-exposed rat pups by mass spectrometry imaging using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) method. This technique was used to map the variations in lipid composition of the rat brain and, particularly, of the white matter. Triplicate analysis showed a significant increase of sulfatides (25%–50%) in the white matter on Day 10 of life in iNO-exposed animals from Day 0–7 of life. These robust, repeatable and semi-quantitative data demonstrate a potent effect of iNO at the molecular level.