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排序方式: 共有73条查询结果,搜索用时 12 毫秒
1.
Traditionally, in supervised machine learning, (a significant) part of the available data (usually 50%-80%) is used for training and the rest—for validation. In many problems, however, the data are highly imbalanced in regard to different classes or does not have good coverage of the feasible data space which, in turn, creates problems in validation and usage phase. In this paper, we propose a technique for synthesizing feasible and likely data to help balance the classes as well as to boost the performance in terms of confusion matrix as well as overall. The idea, in a nutshell, is to synthesize data samples in close vicinity to the actual data samples specifically for the less represented (minority) classes. This has also implications to the so-called fairness of machine learning. In this paper, we propose a specific method for synthesizing data in a way to balance the classes and boost the performance, especially of the minority classes. It is generic and can be applied to different base algorithms, for example, support vector machines, k-nearest neighbour classifiers deep neural, rule-based classifiers, decision trees, and so forth. The results demonstrated that (a) a significantly more balanced (and fair) classification results can be achieved and (b) that the overall performance as well as the performance per class measured by confusion matrix can be boosted. In addition, this approach can be very valuable for the cases when the number of actual available labelled data is small which itself is one of the problems of the contemporary machine learning. 相似文献
2.
We present a novel mobile code management environment,currently under design and development. Our design employs anopen architecture, suitable for ``plug-and-play' with COTS andother groups' tools. While we have studied new algorithms, costand objective functions, and other fundamental issues, the maincontribution of this experimental research work is in the environmentitself. It should be noted that networked platforms, such asthe World Wide Web, are inherently not suitable for traditional,predictable real-time applications. Thus, real-time concernsnecessarily need to be blended with others concerns, and thetarget applications, making use of our environment, will toobe a blend of partially hard real-time and partially (or mostly)soft-real- time ones. The prototype environment will thereforesupport performance-based analysis and management focusing notonly on predictability but also on compilation, efficiency, safetyand other tradeoffs. We have selected the Java language and itsbytecode format as a representation for mobile code as well asa language for our implementation. 相似文献
3.
Albena Momchilova Roumen Pankov Alexander Alexandrov Tania Markovska Stefan Pankov Plamen Krastev Galya Staneva Evgenia Vassileva Nikolai Krastev Adriana Pinkas 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(14)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Changes in lipid metabolism have been suggested to play important roles in MS pathophysiology and progression. In this work we analyzed the lipid composition and sphingolipid-catabolizing enzymes in erythrocytes and plasma from MS patients and healthy controls. We observed reduction of sphingomyelin (SM) and elevation of its products—ceramide (CER) and shingosine (SPH). These changes were supported by the detected up-regulation of the activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in MS plasma and alkaline ceramidase (ALCER) in erythrocytes from MS patients. In addition, Western blot analysis showed elevated expression of ASM, but not of ALCER. We also compared the ratios between saturated (SAT), unsaturated (UNSAT) and polyunsaturated fatty acids and suggest, based on the significant differences observed for this ratio, that the UNSAT/SAT values could serve as a marker distinguishing erythrocytes and plasma of MS from controls. In conclusion, the application of lipid analysis in the medical practice would contribute to definition of more precise diagnosis, analysis of disease progression, and evaluation of therapeutic strategies. Based on the molecular changes of blood lipids in neurodegenerative pathologies, including MS, clinical lipidomic analytical approaches could become a promising contemporary tool for personalized medicine. 相似文献
4.
5.
Improving dissolution kinetics of pharmaceuticals by fluidized bed impregnation of active pharmaceutical ingredients
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Plamen I. Grigorov Benjamin J. Glasser Fernando J. Muzzio 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2016,62(12):4201-4214
Investigational drugs are increasingly becoming less soluble in aqueous media, thus, presenting real challenges during development. Previous work has successfully demonstrated the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals using fluidized bed (FB) impregnation of APIs onto porous carriers. This study demonstrates the usefulness of FB impregnation in formulating poorly soluble drugs. We show that dissolution of Fenofibrate is greatly improved by FB impregnation onto Neusilin® (Fuji Health Science Inc, Burlington, NJ USA), a synthetic amorphous form of magnesium alumino‐metasilicate. We impregnate Neusilin® for range of loadings and examine Fenofibrate's physical state. Dissolution of impregnated formulations is drug loading dependent and loadings below 40% show great improvement (decrease) in release time compared to physical blend. Release times are further improved by milling. We also examine feasibility of coimpregnating Fenofibrate with additives and observe stability (1.5 years) of the amorphous form of Fenofibrate inside Neusilin®. This stabilization significantly improves Fenofibrate's dissolution kinetics, making our formulation comparable to one of the current market formulations, TriCor® tablets (AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, IL USA). © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 4201–4214, 2016 相似文献
6.
Plamen Angelov Costas Xydeas 《Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications》2006,10(9):836-849
A systematic classification of the data-driven approaches for design of fuzzy systems is given in the paper. The possible ways to solve this modelling and identification problem are classified on the basis of the optimisation techniques used for this purpose. One algorithm for each of the two basic categories of design methods is presented and its advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Both types of algorithms are self-learning and do not require interaction during the process of fuzzy model design. They perform adaptation of both the fuzzy model structure (rule-base) and the parameters. The indirect approach exploits the dual nature of Takagi-Sugeno (TS) models and is based on recently introduced recursive clustering combined with Kalman filtering-based procedure for recursive estimation of the parameter of the local sub-models. Both algorithms result in finding compact and transparent fuzzy models. The direct approach solves the optimisation problem directly, while the indirect one decomposes the original problem into on-line clustering and recursive estimation problems and finds a sub-optimal solution in real-time. The later one is computationally very efficient and has a range of potential applications in real-time process control, moving images recognition, autonomous systems design etc. It is extended in this paper for the case of multi-input–multi-output (MIMO systems). Both approaches have been tested with real data from an engineering process. 相似文献
7.
Sergej Gamburzev Plamen Atanasov Ebtisam Wilkins 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》1996,30(3):179-183
A potentially implantable glucose biosensor for continuous monitoring of glucose levels in diabetic patients has been developed. The glucose biosensor is based on an amperometric oxygen electrode and glucose oxidase immobilized on carbon powder held in the form of a liquid suspension. The enzyme material can be replaced (the sensor recharged) without sensor disassembly. Diffusion membranes made of silastic coatings over a microporous polycarbonate membrane are used. Calibration curves of the sensors in phosphate buffer solution and in undiluted blood plasma at body temperature have been obtained. The reproducibility of the sensor response in serum at body temperature is demonstrated. The sensors have a stable signal during storage and continuous operation at body temperature for a period of at least one month. 相似文献
8.
The synergy of machine and IT and the resulting business opportunities and models represent key features of Industrie 4.0, a high prioritized governmental initiative focusing on further expanding the leading role of German machine and plant construction. The ongoing standardization efforts are a prerequisite for cross-vendor communication. Nevertheless, early practical experiments, realistic field trials and pilot projects in partnership play a great role in the rapprochement between the two worlds and in particular for the goal-oriented use of those innovations. To show the great importance of the software, which is seen as a driver of innovation in mechanical engineering, an example was built by an IBM team led by the two authors that demonstrates the batch size 1 scenario from Industrie 4.0 based on a 3D printer. A customer orders his individual product on a web shop, a production order is created, which—after approval—is directly sent to production. The machine data are displayed live in the context of the job on a production control console respectively in an augmented reality app as well as collected for the purpose of deeper insights and forecasts. Flexible vertical integration of machines, their integration into business processes across the entire value chain as well as the insights gained from the production data are some Industrie 4.0 scenarios, which can be illustrated very well in this example. 相似文献
9.
Hristo M. Najdenski Liliana G. Gigova Ivan I. Iliev Plamen S. Pilarski Jaromir Lukavský Iva V. Tsvetkova Mariana S. Ninova Vesselin K. Kussovski 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2013,48(7):1533-1540
In vitro activity of nine cyanobacterial and ten microalgal newly isolated or culture collection strains against eight significant food‐borne pathogens has been evaluated and compared. Water extracts and culture liquids of Gloeocapsa sp. and Synechocystis sp. demonstrated the widest spectrum of activity with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 1.56 to 12.5 mg mL?1. Culture liquid of Anabaena sp. had the highest activity (MIC = 0.39 mg mL?1) but only to Gram‐positive bacteria. Ethanol extracts and fatty acids from all cyanobacteria and microalgae were active against Streptococcus pyogenes and/or Staphylococcus aureus. The fatty acids of Synechocystis sp. inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans (MIC values of 2.5–1.25 mg mL?1, respectively). Exopolysaccharides (EPS) of Gloeocapsa sp. were the sample that exhibited activity against all test pathogens with lowest MIC values (0.125–1 mg mL?1). High activity with a narrower range of susceptible targets demonstrated the exopolysaccharides of Synechocystis sp. and Rhodella reticulata. Antimicrobial activity was proven for phycobiliproteins isolated from Synechocystis sp., Arthrospira fusiformis, Porphyridium aerugineum and Porphyridium cruentum, respectively. In conclusion Gloeocapsa sp. and Synechocystis sp. and especially their exopolysaccharides showed the most promising potential against the examined food pathogens. 相似文献
10.
Petya Konova Anton Naydenov Plamen Nikolov Frederik Klingstedt Narendra Kumar 《Journal of Materials Science》2011,46(22):7129-7133
Single and bi-metallic silver modified ZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized using three methods of preparation, characterized
by different techniques: X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen physisorption, X-ray
fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and tested in heterogeneous catalytic
decomposition of ozone at ambient temperature. The highest degree of ozone decomposition was observed over 5Ag(Imp)-H(IE)-ZSM-5
catalyst, which exhibit 97% conversion and does not show any deactivation with the time. The method of preparation, amount
of supported silver and the presence of modifiers as Cu, Ce, and Zr were found to be important for the ozone decomposition
reaction. 相似文献