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水平集方法能有效地解决曲线演化过程中的拓扑变化问题,基于全局特性的活动轮廓模型采用水平集方法给出的迭代解,能有效进行分割。用这种方法对CR胸片图像进行分割研究,并根据CR图像的特点,给出了只需一次演化的方法:直接针对原图像可以得到肺部大致区域;而针对CR的局部标准偏差图像可以得到肋骨的边缘图像。实验结果表明,该方法能很好地对CR图像进行分割。 相似文献
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基于极限分析上限定理和空间离散技术,构建了适用于在饱和土体中掘进的盾构隧道开挖面上限破坏机制。在此基础上,将孔隙水压力做的功率作为一个外力功率引入上限定理的虚功率方程,通过优化计算,得到了孔隙水压力作用下盾构隧道开挖面支护力的上限解。为了证明上限解的有效性,基于数值模拟技术计算了孔隙水压力作用下隧道开挖面极限支护力的数值解,并将得到的数值解和上限解进行了对比分析,结果表明,上限解和数值解非常接近。最后,分析了参数变化对开挖面支护力和破坏面的影响,分析结果表明:孔隙水压力对支护力上限解影响明显而对开挖面破坏范围的影响不大。 相似文献
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To investigate the effective shape of collapsing block in square tunnel subjected to pore water pressure, the analytical solution
of detaching curve was derived using upper bound theorem of limit analysis with Hoek-Brown failure criterion. The work rate
of pore water pressure, which was regarded as an external rate of work, was taken into account in the framework of limit analysis.
Taking advantages of variational calculation, the objective function with respect to detaching curve was optimized to obtain
the effective shape of collapsing block for square tunnel. According to the numerical results, it is found that the varying
pore water pressure coefficient only affects the height and width of the collapsing block, whereas the shape of collapsing
block remains unchanged. 相似文献
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In order to reduce the errors of the reliability of the retaining wall structure in the establishment of function, in the estimation of parameter and algorithm, firstly, two new reliability and stability models of anti-slipping and anti-overturning based on the upper-bound theory of limit analysis were established, and two kinds of failure modes were regarded as a series of systems with multiple correlated failure modes. Then, statistical characteristics of parameters of the retaining wall structure were inferred by maximal entropy principle. At last, the structural reliabilities of single failure mode and multiple failure modes were calculated by Monte Carlo method in MATLAB and the results were compared and analyzed on the sensitivity. It indicates that this method, with a high precision, is not only easy to program and quick in calculation, but also without the limit of nonlinear functions and non-normal random variables. And the results calculated by this method which applies both the limit analysis theory, maximal entropy principle and Monte Carlo method into analyzing the reliability of the retaining wall structures is more scientific, accurate and reliable, in comparison with those calculated by traditional method. 相似文献
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