IDR双汽提尿素装置现状及控制设想

本文对IDR尿素装置的目前生产情况进行了统计和分析。同时根据观察、统计和测试,对某些问题提出思路。     

伊利石在铝酸钠溶液中的反应脱硅过程研究

为了更清楚地了解伊利石在拜耳法溶出过程中的反应行为，本文对伊利石在合成铝酸钠溶液中的溶出动力学进行了研究，测得其活化能为114，73kJ/mol。并研究了溶液苛性碱浓度对伊利石的反应速率的影响；添加石灰可以有效的增加伊利石的反应率，提高脱硅效率。为拜耳法生产氧化铝的脱硅过程及防止结疤提供理论依据。     

Dissolution mechanism and solubility of hemimorphite in NH3-(NH4)2SO4-H2O system at 298.15 K简

The dissolution mechanism of hemimorphite in NH3-（NH4）2SO4-H2O system at 298.15 K was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） analysis. The results show that hemimorphite is soluble in NH3-（NH4）2SO4-H2O system and its residue exists in the form of an amorphous SiO2 layer on the hemimorphite surface. The XPS data also indicate that the Si 2p3/2 and O ls spectra of the hemimorphite are broadened and shift to higher binding energies and their binding energies are closer to silica with an increase of total ammonia and time. Solubility of hemimorphite in NH3-（NH4）2SO4-H2O system was measured by means of isothermal solution method at 298.15 K based on the study of the dissolution mechanism of hemimorphite. The results show that the solubility of zinc in solution increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of cr（NH3） （total ammonia concentration） at different NH3/NH4^＋ ratios. The solubility of silicon in solution decreases from 0.0334 mol/kg in ct（NH3）-4.1245 mol/kg NH3-（NH4）2SO4-H2O solution to 0.0046 mol/kg in cT（NH3）=7.6035 mol/kg NH3-（NH4）2SO4-H2O solution.     

Synthesis and characterization of triclinic structural LiVPO4F as possible 4.2 V cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

A potential 4.2 V cathode material LiVPO4F for lithium batteries was prepared by two-step reaction method based on a carbon-thermal reduction （CTR） process. Firstly, V2O5, NH4H2PO4 and acetylene black are reacted under an Ar atmosphere to yield VPO4. The transition-metal reduction is facilitated by the CTR based on C→CO transition. These CTR conditions favor stabilization of the vanadium as V^3＋ as well as leaving residual carbon, which is useful in the subsequent electrode processing. Secondly, VPO4 reacts with ElF to yield LiVPO4F product. The property of the LiVPO4F was investigated by X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and electrochemical measurement. XRD studies show that LiVPO4F synthesized has triclinic structure（space group p I ）, isostructural with the naturally occurring mineral tavorite, EiFePO4-OH. SEM image exhibits that the particle size is about 2μm together with homogenous distribution. Electrochemical test shows that the initial discharge capacity of LiVPO4F powder is 119 mA·h/g at the rate of 0.2C with an average discharge voltage of 4.2V （vs Ei/Li^＋）, and the capacity retains 89 mA·h/g after 30 cycles.     

几种铝化合物的热力学性质

结合作者的量热测定结果和前人的工作，研究了氧化铝工业中最常见的几种铝化合物如α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，三水铝石一水软铝石和一水硬铝石的基本热力学性质：标准生成焓、标准熵、标准生成Ｇｉｂｂｓ自由能和热容，得到了可靠，自洽的结果。     

Effect of 20kHz ultrasound on alumina hydrate precipitation from seeded sodium aluminate solution

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎｔｈｅａｌｕｍｉｎａｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ,ｐｒｅｃｉｐｉｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆａｌｕｍｉｎａｈｙｄｒａｔｅｉｎｔｈｅＢａｙｅｒｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｓａｖｅｒｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｏｐｅｒａ ｔｉｏｎ .Ｉｎｎｕｍｅｒｏｕｓｉｎｓｔａｎｃｅｓｗｈ     

Suspended electrode kinetics of mechanically activated pyrite

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌａｃｔｉｖａｔｉｏｎｉｓｗｉｄｅｌｙａｐｐｌｉｅｄｉｎｅｎ ｈａｎｃｉｎｇｍｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｉｃａｌｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ[1～ 3] ａｎｄｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓｙｎ ｔｈｅｓｉｓ[4 ,5] .Ｓｏｆａｒｉｔｉｓｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｔ     

铝酸钠溶液性质对超声空化作用及种分过程超声强化的影响

用相同频率和输入功率的超声波对不同Na2Ok浓度和ακ的铝酸钠溶液进行处理,通过对恒温种分过程中相同反应时间的分解率和粒度分布特点的比较,发现在超声波作用条件相同的情况下,超声波对铝酸钠溶液的强化作用随着铝酸钠溶液苛性碱浓度的降低而加强,且超声波对ακ为1.55时的铝酸钠溶液的强化作用较其他ακ的强.通过对不同Na2Ok浓度和ακ条件下铝酸钠溶液表面张力系数的测定及超声波声致荧光影像的研究,初步探讨了溶液物理性质对超声强化作用和超声空化作用的影响及超声波作用的机理.     

Synthesis and application of antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate）

A new type of thermal stabilizer, antimony pent (isooctyl thioglycollate) (Sb(SCH2 COOC8 H17 )5), was synthesized by using antimony trioxide, isooctanol and thioglycolic acid in 2 steps. Firstly, antimony trioxide was oxidized into colloidal antimony peroxide. Then antimony peroxide and isooctyl thioglycollate reacted stoichiometrically for 2 h with the yield of 87%. This compound was used as thermal stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride(PVC).The results show that the thermal stability time is 52 rain at 200℃ by heat-ageing oven test when adding 2. 5% thermal stabilizer to PVC resin. Compared with antimony tris(isooctyl thiolycollate), the initial thermal stability of antimony pent(isooctyl thioglycollate) is better than that of antimony tris(isooctyl thioglycollate), while the longterm thermal stability time is shorter than that of antimony tris(isooctyl thioglycollate). Meanwhile, the synergism of antimony pent(isooctyl thioglycollate) with calcium stearate was studied, indicating that when the mass ratio of antimony pent(isooctyl thioglycollate) to calcium stearate is 2:1, the thermal stability time of PVC is 58 min.     

生物膜电极法降解实际工业废水的可行性研究

本文论述了生物膜电极法对以水性漆废水和香兰素废水为代表的实际工业废水降解的可行性。结果表明,生物膜电极法对成份复杂、浓度高、毒性大的实际工业废水的处理有一定的局限性,结合简单的预处理方法以提高废水的可生化降解性,可有效增强生物膜电极法和降解效果。