关于12 MW生物质发电项目汽轮机岗位开车问题分析及改进措施

针对12 MW生物质(糠醛渣)发电项目汽轮机岗位开车过程中出现的汽封风机频繁跳车、汽封加热器蒸汽侧液位持续性过高及高压加热器疏水管路振动等现象,分析原因是管道中积水过多、多级液封与汽封之间高度差与压差过小、管道支架和管道导淋设置不合理。采用针对性的整改措施后,问题得以解决,保证了汽轮机岗位的成功开车及稳定运行,为整个生物质发电项目实现长周期稳定运行提供有力保障。     

无机水合盐混合物的热物性研究

制备了54种二元混合无机水合盐试样,通过差式扫描量热仪测得重结晶试样的相变温度和相变潜热。结果表明:十水硫酸钠和十水碳酸钠不同配比的无机水合盐混合物,潜热值均低于其组分各自的潜热值,并且有些配比存在严重的过冷和相分离问题;当试样中含有七水硫酸镁时,不能和其他无机水合盐形成良好的二元共晶体,潜热值很低;三水醋酸钠中加入少量的十水碳酸钠可以大幅度地改善三水醋酸钠的过冷问题,相变潜热仍维持在较高值;十水硫酸钠和三水醋酸钠以5∶5的配比制备的二元混合无机水合盐潜热值达297.9J/g,若再加入适当的添加剂可进一步改善其过冷度和相分离问题,可以成为优良的相变材料,应用于相变换热器领域。     

Amination of biochar surface from watermelon peel for toxic chromium removal enhancement

Watermelon peel residues were used to produce a new biochar by dehydration method. The new biochar has undergone two methods of chemical modification and the effect of this chemical modification on its ability to adsorb Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution has been investigated. Three biochars, Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA, were made from watermelon peel via dehydration with 50% sulfuric acid to give Melon-B followed by oxidation with ozone and amination using ammonium hydroxide to give Melon-BO-NH_2 or Triethylenetetramine(TETA) to give Melon-BO-TETA. The prepared biochars were characterized by BET, BJH,SEM, FT-IR, TGA, DSC and EDAX analyses. The highest removal percentage of Cr(VI) ions was 69% for Melon-B,98% for Melon-BO-NH_2 and 99% for Melon-BO-TETA biochars of 100 mg·L~(-1) Cr(VI) ions initial concentration and 1.0 g·L~(-1) adsorbents dose. The unmodified biochar(Melon-B) and modified biochars(Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA) had maximum adsorption capacities(Qm) of 72.46, 123.46, and 333.33 mg·g~(-1), respectively.The amination of biochar reduced the pore size of modified biochar, whereas the surface area was enhanced.The obtained data of isotherm models were tested using different error function equations. The Freundlich,Tempkin and Langmuir isotherm models were best fitted to the experimental data of Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA, respectively. The adsorption rate was primarily controlled by pseudo-second–order rate model. Conclusively, the functional groups interactions are important for adsorption mechanisms and expected to control the adsorption process. The adsorption for the Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA could be explained for acid–base interaction and hydrogen bonding interaction.     

移动边缘计算环境下的动态资源分配策略

在通讯设备爆炸式增长的时代,移动边缘计算作为5G通讯技术的核心技术之一,对其进行合理的资源分配显得尤为重要。移动边缘计算的思想是把云计算中心下沉到基站部署(边缘云),使云计算中心更加靠近用户,以快速解决计算资源分配问题。但是,相对于大型的云计算中心,边缘云的计算资源有限,传统的虚拟机分配方式不足以灵活应对边缘云的计算资源分配问题。为解决此问题,提出一种根据用户综合需求变化的动态计算资源和频谱分配算法(DRFAA),采用"分治"策略,并将资源模拟成"流体"资源进行分配,以寻求较大的吞吐量和较低的传输时延。实验仿真结果显示,动态计算资源和频谱分配算法可以有效地降低用户与边缘云之间的传输时延,也可以提高边缘云的吞吐量。     

一种计算单井可采储量的新方法

针对油田开发缺少单井潜力评价的问题,运用油藏工程和数理统计方法,从理论和矿场实践两方面进行研究,得到了单井可采储量预测模型,提出一种新的单井潜力评价方法。将研究成果应用于鄂尔多斯盆地绥靖油田措施选井中,结果表明:应用单井可采储量法优选措施井实施效果有效率较生产动态法提高了21.8%,研究内容对油田措施选井方向提供了新的选择。     

结合优化支持向量机与K-means++的工控系统入侵检测方法

针对工业控制系统传统单一检测算法模型对不同攻击类型检测率和检测速度不佳的问题，提出一种优化支持向量机和K-means++算法结合的入侵检测模型。首先利用主成分分析法（PCA）对原始数据集进行预处理，消除其相关性；其次在粒子群优化（PSO）算法的基础上加入自适应变异过程避免在训练的过程中陷入局部最优解；然后利用自适应变异粒子群优化（AMPSO）算法优化支持向量机的核函数和惩罚参数；最后利用密度中心法改进K-means算法与优化后的支持向量机组合成入侵检测模型，从而实现工业控制系统的异常检测。实验结果表明，所提方法在检测速度和对各类攻击的检测率上得到明显提升。     

Covalent triazine framework with efficient photocatalytic activity in aqueous and solid media

Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) have been recently employed for visible light-driven photocatalysis due to their unique optical and electronic properties. However, the usually highly hydrophobic nature of CTFs, which originates from their overall aromatic backbone, leads to limitations of CTFs for applications in aqueous media. In this study, we aim to extend the range of the application media of CTFs and design hybrid material of a CTF and mesoporous silica (SBA-15) for efficient photocatalysis in aqueous medium. A thiophene-containing CTF was directly synthesized in mesopores of SBA-15. Due to the high surface area and the added hydrophilic properties by silica, the hybrid material demonstrated excellent adsorption of organic molecules in water. This leads not only to high photocatalytic performance of the hybrid material for the degradation of organic dyes in water, but also for efficient photocatalysis in solvent-free and solid state. Furthermore, the reusability, stability and easy recovery of the hybrid material offers promising metal-free heterogeneous photocatalyst for broader applications in different reaction media.