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1.
The drag forces experienced by single and multiple sphere assemblies suspended in non-Newtonian tube-flow were investigated under different levels of fluid viscosity of aqueous CMC solutions (m=2.0 to 21.1 Pa-sn and n=0.73 to 0.82), flow rate (0.02 to 0.86 kg/s) and particle concentrations (1.53 to 11.01% on a volume basis). It was found that an increase in particle concentration resulted in an increase in drag force experienced by each sphere in an assembly. It was also observed that the presence of identical assemblies upstream and downstream of the single test assembly (multiple assembly case), resulted in drag force increases per sphere from 14% for low concentration to 25% for high concentration. an equation was developed to predict a drag correction factor for Stokes' equation for the multiple assembly configuration based on particle concentration. 相似文献
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L. ALBERTO MOSQUERA CHARLES A. SIMS ROBERT P. BATES SEAN F. O'KEEFE 《Journal of food science》1996,61(4):856-861
Horchata is a sweetened water extract of chufa tubers (Cyperus esculentus) which is very popular in Spain, and has potential in the U.S. The objectives of this research were to characterize horchatas from different types of chufa, and to monitor flavor and stability of unheated and pasteurized horchatas during storage (2°C). Trained panelists rated the following attributes: color, chalkiness, sweetness, vanilla-like, nutty, earthiness, bitterness, and off-flavor. Horchatas made with chufa grown in Spain and chufa from Spain but grown in Florida showed higher vanilla and nutty levels than horchata from the Florida type. During storage (2°C), vanilla, nutty, and sweetness decreased, and other attributes increased. Heating to 70 and 95°C for 1 min did not alter sensory attributes initially, prevented off-flavor development, and slowed changes in desirable attributes for 35 days. 相似文献
4.
Rheological behavior of mucilage obtained from two varieties of coffee grown in Colombia (Caturra and Colombia) was studied as a function of ripe cherry content (RCC) and postharvest time (PHT). A Brookfleld HB DV-III viscometer was used in concentric cylinder geometry over a shear rate range of 4.8 to 120 s−1 . the power-law model was used to describe the shear stress versus shear rate data, and the consistency index (K) and flow behavior index (n) were determined. the mucilage is a highly viscous and pseudoplastic (n < 0.3) fluid. the K increased and n decreased as the RCC and PHT increased. the mucilage of the Caturra variety was more viscous and shear thinning than that of the Colombia variety. Microstructural examination of the mucilage revealed that certain weak structures as phloem vessels found in the mucilage may be destroyed upon application of shear stress and may contribute to the pseudoplastic nature of the mucilage. Diffusion of tannin from the pulp to mucilage with delay in postharvest processing may be responsible for increased apparent viscosity with increased PHT. 相似文献
5.
VIVIANA B SUÁREZ GUSTAVO J TREMMEL MAURICIO RIVERA JORGE A REINHEIMER CARLOS A MEINARDI 《International Journal of Dairy Technology》2012,65(3):410-415
A novel treatment using polyphosphates to protect cheeses against superficial mould growth was assayed. The treatments were: control commercial paint with natamycin (I), commercial paint based on polyvinyl–water (II), immersion in a saturated solution of polyphosphate (III), immersion and commercial paint (IV), commercial paint of polyphosphate solutions (V) and immersion and commercial paint of a saturated solution of polyphosphates (VI). The cheeses were ripened for 6 months. Superficial mould growth was inhibited in groups IV and VI when compared to cheeses from the control group (I). Statistical sensory analysis made between cheeses from groups IV and I (control) showed no significant differences. 相似文献
6.
MIRIAM S. GRENÓN JOSÉ ROBLEDO JUAN CARLOS IBÁÑEZ HÉCTOR J. SÁNCHEZ 《Journal of microscopy》2016,264(2):182-188
Dental implants are composed of commercially pure Ti (which is actually an alloy of titanium, and minor or trace components such as aluminium and vanadium). When the implant is inserted, its surface undergoes a number of chemical and mechanical processes, releasing particles of titanium to the medium. The metabolism of free ions of titanium is uncertain; the uptaking processes in the body are not well known, nor their toxic dose. In addition, physical properties of newly formed bone, such as diffusivity and activation energy, are scarce and rarely studied. In this study, we analysed the diffusion of titanium in the titanium‐implanted shinbones of six adult male Wistar rats by spatially resolved micro x‐ray fluorescence. The measurements were carried out at the microfluorescence station of the x‐ray fluorescence (XRF) beamline of the Brazilian synchrotron facility LNLS (from Portuguese ‘Laboratorio Nacional de Luz Sincrotron’). For each sample, XRF spectra were taken by linear scanning in area near the new bone formed around the Ti implant. The scanning line shows a clear effect of titanium diffusion whereas calcium intensity presents a different behaviour. Moreover, a clear correlation among the different structures of bones is observed in the Ti and Ca intensities. The results obtained in these measurements may allow determining quantitatively the parameters of diffusion rates and other physical properties of new bone like diffusion coefficients. 相似文献
7.
Many proposed packet switching systems for high-speed networks have employed the Batcher–banyan fabric due to its modular structure, self-routeing functionality, and distributed conflict-resolving mechanism. In this paper, we present a systematic fault-tolerant design for the Batcher–banyan class of switches. Our first concern is the development of an on-line error detection mechanism which is the prerequisite of any effective fault tolerant operation. Based on the technique developed by Davis, we propose a general fault-testing technique and verify it for a variety of unique-path self-routeing networks. Furthermore, we extend this method to Batcher sorting networks and construct a fault-tolerant Batcher sorter. Lastly, after contemplating the technique constraints and system performance, we deploy the above techniques into different levels of the Batcher–banyan networks and achieve a fault-tolerant version of the StarBurst switch, a member of the Batcher–banyan class of switches. 相似文献
8.
This note points out that in the context of goal programming the linearization of nonlinear goals by logarithmic transformations, as it is usually done in the field of mechanical engineering applications, is not in general a valid method and can lead to wrong results. 相似文献
9.
DOMENICO CAMPISI ALBERTO NASTASI PIERFRANCESCO REVERBERI 《International journal of systems science》2013,44(7):657-667
A Bayesian belief network is adopted to structure and manage an entry decision problem, where a potential entrant has to evaluate the profitability of a given market, depending on an established firm's unknown and unobservable multidimensional type. A multiperiod multisignal model is defined to take account of strategic interaction processes between the incumbent and the potential competitor. Since significant theoretical and computational issues prevent us from finding optimal strategies, a myopic policy is discussed that leads to a reasonable outcome. An application example of the proposed solution procedure is also presented. 相似文献
10.
CARLOS F. DIAZ Graduate Student FABIAN C. HADIPRIONO Associate Professor 《Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems》2013,30(3):205-210
The purpose of this paper is to present an algorithm that identifies every path in scheduling networks. The algorithm finds the answer by simulating the way we solve the problem by hand. The result is a list, in sequential order, of all activities involved in each path, the algorithm is divided into forward and backward passes that are repeated until all paths have been identified. Backward passes determine the existence of paths, while forward passes determine the activities involved in the paths. The algorithm has been successfully tested with 31 construction networks, and has been implemented in simulation programs used for construction scheduling and probabilistic analyses. 相似文献