造纸企业基于计算机的预算编制和投资计算

对于用手工或用简化计算机程序来计算全厂的经济指导运行情况的纸厂来说,这些情况的大多数方面和它们所要求的计算由于要求相当数量的不同的基本数据文件,在目前来说是过于详细和过分复杂的。计算所要求的数据信息要么是来自于实际资源消耗的历史信息,要么是通过充分准确的图表、系统或模型而得到的预测信息。在这些预测过程中,调查的生产活动中所包含的单个生产批次应该能足够准确地预测出来。描述了生产信息的一些数据要求,并着重强调在一般造纸工业,特别是纸厂中,用于预算计算和投资规划而专门开发的计算机程序的要求和特点。     

Future Experiments to Measure Liquid-Gas Phase Change and Heat Transfer Phenomena on the International Space Station

The article presents the approach of the European Space Agency to promote research in weightlessness and in particular onboard the International Space Station. In order to maximize the return on investments, a strong international scientific collaboration is encouraged. These Science Teams support the preparation and utilisation of the flight hardware and exploit the measurement data. In the domain of physical sciences the topics dealt with at the time of writing the present paper cover fundamental physics, fluid physics, material sciences research and specific preparatory studies in anticipation of space exploration missions. The present article focuses on two-phase (liquid-gas phase change) heat transfer related experiments. These activities cover evaporation driven thermocapillary convection, pool- and flow boiling, evaporation and condensation of films together with wettability realted issues on both reference and structured surfaces, and heat pipe systems. Some hardware are in an advanced state of development, the feasibility of some was studied or is under definition at the time of the preparation of this paper. The objectives of the experiments are described together with their expected capabilities. Beyond the understanding of mostly fundamental physical processes, the data of all the described experiments are intended to be used to validate theoretical approaches and numerical tools, which are often developed by the Science Teams in parallel with the the flight hardware design activities of space industry.     

DNAemico-造纸厂不同生产条件下的经济分析报告系统

该系统是专门为纸厂研究的全厂范围内的经济指导软件系统。它定位于满足不同阶层管理人员在日常工作中对所需资料的准确提供 ,并确保能相互参考引用。在实际工作中 ,这些不同的原料消耗 (包括预计和和具体到单一批次产品生产 ) ,能够通过不同的组合方式和组成 ,以金融货币的方式表现出来。该系统同样的适用于全厂范围内全部产品的成本计算和盈利分析方面     

Difference games with periodic information structures with application to the worst case design of regulators†

Nash equilibrium strategies of general linear-quadratic two-player difference games with two kinds of periodic information structures are considered. Solution algorithms are developed for problems where the players' information is of periodic open-loop or periodic open-closed type. In the former case the players receive measurements of the state periodically only at the beginning of each interval and in the latter case one of the players has a perfect memory information of the state within each period. The solutions are obtained by recursive algorithms where a series of coupled difference equations of Riccati type are solved repeatedly and where the boundary values of these equations are determined by similar difference equations. A new game theoretic worst case design method based on games with periodic open-closed information structure is then proposed and applied to the design of a state regulator for a pilot process. The results obtained in the example suggest that this new approach can be successfully employed in practical design problems.