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1.
N Delanty MP Reilly D Pratico JA Lawson JF McCarthy AE Wood ST Ohnishi DJ Fitzgerald GA FitzGerald 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,95(11):2492-2499
BACKGROUND: Myocardial reperfusion is believed to be associated with free radical injury. However, indexes of oxidative stress in vivo have been limited by their poor specificity and sensitivity. Isoprostanes are stable products of arachidonic acid formed in a nonenzymatic, free radical-catalyzed manner. We have developed a sensitive and specific assay for one of these compounds, 8-epi prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha. METHODS AND RESULTS: To address its utility as an index of oxidative stress during coronary reperfusion, we measured urinary levels by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in a canine model of coronary thrombolysis, in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytic therapy, and in patients after elective coronary artery bypass surgery. Urinary 8-epi PGF2 alpha was unchanged after circumflex artery occlusion in a canine model of coronary thrombolysis (n = 13; 437.2 +/- 56.4 versus 432.7 +/- 55.2 pmol/mmol creatinine) but increased significantly (P < .05) immediately after reperfusion (553.8 +/- 64.7 pmol/mmol). Urinary levels were increased (P < .001) in patients (n = 12) with acute myocardial infarction given lytic therapy (265.8 +/- 40.8 pmol/mmol) compared with age-matched control subjects (n = 20; 91.5 +/- 11.8 pmol/mmol) and patients with stable coronary disease (n = 20; 95.7 +/- 6.3 pmol/mmol). Preoperative levels rose from 113.2 +/- 11.8 to 248.2 +/- 86.3 pmol/mmol at 30 minutes into revascularization to 332.2 +/- 82.6 pmol/mmol by 15 minutes after global myocardial reperfusion (P < .05) and dropped to 181.2 +/- 50.4 pmol/mmol at 30 minutes and 120.2 +/- 9.9 pmol/mmol at 24 hours after bypass surgery (n = 5). Corresponding changes in spin adduct formation, found with electron paramagnetic resonance, were noted in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: These data support the hypothesis that free radical generation occurs during myocardial reperfusion. Measurement of isoprostane production may serve as a noninvasive index of oxidative stress. 相似文献
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The potential of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (goserelin acetate), delivered constantly for 28 days via a subcutaneous depot, to induce ovulation in seasonally anestrous mares, was investigated. Two experiments were conducted, in which a range of doses (30 to 240 micrograms/mare/d) was examined. Mares were selected on the basis of lack of substantial follicular development (follicle diameter < 20 mm determined ultrasonically) and low serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone. Constant administration of the GnRH agonist-induced ovulation in anestrous mares, but a dose-response relation was not observed. Furthermore, with identical doses tested in consecutive or alternate years, considerable variation was observed in the ovulatory response. In general, ovulation in all treated mares was accompanied by increased circulating concentrations of LH and a decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone values. Ovulation was preceded by an increase in estradiol and LH concentrations. In mares in which ovulation did not occur, concentration of LH increased during agonist treatment, whereas that of follicle-stimulating hormone either increased or did not change. It was concluded that constant administration of GnRH agonists may induce ovulation in mares during seasonal anestrus; however, percentage of mares ovulating and the lack of reproducibility of effect indicate that this approach is inappropriate for use as a reliable method to manipulate breeding activity in commercial broodmares. 相似文献
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Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)] in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of rats has a suppressive effect on feeding behavior and causes a selective decrease in carbohydrate ingestion, specifically at the onset of the natural (dark) feeding period. Studies conducted here provide further evidence for this phenomena, showing a similar dose-related decrease in carbohydrate ingestion at dark onset after PVN injection of 5-HT or of the agonists, d-norfenfluramine or fluoxetine, which act through endogenous 5-HT. To further characterize the effects of this indoleamine on the macrostructure of feeding, a computer-automated data acquisition system was used to analyze macronutrient feeding patterns in freely feeding animals maintained on the pure diets of protein, carbohydrate, and fat. Results indicate that PVN administration of 5-HT at dark onset decreases intake of the carbohydrate nutrient by decreasing meal size, feeding time, and feeding rate for this nutrient and increasing the satiating effect of carbohydrate. These effects, which occur specifically during the first meal after injection, are opposite those seen after peripheral administration of the 5-HT receptor antagonist, metergoline. This drug stimulates feeding through a selective increase in carbohydrate intake, characterized by an increase in meal size, percent composition, and feeding time for this nutrient and a decrease in the satiety ratio for carbohydrate. These results implicate the serotonergic system in the termination of carbohydrate-rich meals that are prevalent during the early hours of the natural feeding cycle. 相似文献
6.
MM Odinak AA Mikha?lenko EB Shustov IuS Ivanov GF Semin SA Kotel'nikov AP Kovalenko 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,317(11):37-45, 79
In the article the rules about etiology and pathogenesis of vegetative paroxysms are stated based on careful analysis of the publications of researches as Russian, so foreign authors, and also own experimental and clinical supervision. During experimental and clinical researches the modern methods were used, enabling to estimate from positions of the system analysis different parts of pathogenesis of vegetative paroxysms, and also to offer ways of differential diagnostics of the various forms of disease. The application of some new preparations and direction of therapy of vegetative paroxysms are substantiated, and also the various circuits of treatment of the patients with distinguishing forms of given pathology are motivated. 相似文献
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R Marana GF Catalano P Caruana F Margutti L Muzii S Mancuso 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,12(9):1935-1938
The efficacy of an oxidized regenerated cellulose barrier (Interceed) in reducing postoperative adhesion formation and improving reproductive outcome after ovarian surgery was evaluated in a prospective randomized trial. Twenty-nine New Zealand White female rabbits were submitted to a mid-line laparotomy and a standardized surgical incision was made on both ovaries. At random, one ovary was entirely wrapped in a sheet of Interceed, whereas the contralateral ovary was left uncovered. Four weeks following surgery, the rabbits were mated with a male of proven fertility. Two weeks later, a second-look laparotomy was performed by a blinded observer who evaluated the incidence and score of adhesions, the number of corpora lutea in each ovary, the number of embryos in the ipsilateral uterine horn and also calculated the nidation index for each side. Adhesions were observed in 66% of Interceed-covered and in 97% of control ovaries (P < 0.0001). The adhesion score on the Interceed side was significantly lower than on the control side. The nidation index for the Interceed side was significantly higher than for the control side. The authors conclude that, in the rabbit model, Interceed significantly reduces the incidence and score of postoperative ovarian adhesions and significantly improves reproductive outcome. 相似文献
8.
GF Gualdi MG Ferriano E Casciani C Pirolli E Polettini 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,148(5-6):209-224
In this report we reviewed the role of Ultrasonography, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance and 99Tc-Sestamibi Scintigraphy for the detection of abnormal parathyroid glands in patients with biochemical evidence of hyperparathyroidism. We also report our personal experience with CT and RM. 相似文献
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