A superconducting X-ray spectrometer with a tantalum absorber andlateral trapping

We report the development of Nb-Ta-Al-Al₂O₃-Al superconducting tunnel junction structures for high energy resolution and high efficiency X-ray detection. These devices utilize a Ta X-ray absorber with superconductor “bandgap engineered” quasiparticle trapping to improve charge collection. Experimental results at 0.3 K are presented, showing energy resolution of 102 eV full-width-half-maximum for 6 keV X-rays. Collected charge is in excess of 5×10⁶ electrons. The absorption efficiency is better than 35%. Devices thermally cycle with no change in characteristics     

Proteine des Bienenhonigs

Zusammenfassung Die Isolierung der Saccharase (E.C. 3.2.1.20) aus den Proteinkonzentraten von Raps-, Tannen- und Zuckerfütterungshonig wird beschrieben. Die Abtrennung von anderen Enzymen, insbesondere von saurer Phosphatase gelingt durch hydrophobe Wechselwirkungschromatographie, von inerten Proteinen durch Gelfiltration. Im Zusammenhang damit wird das Verhalten des Enzyms bei der Chromatographie an Anionenaustauschern, an Hydroxylapatit und an immobilisiertem Weizenkeimlectin untersucht. Dabei ergab sich am Lectin-Gel eine Trennung in zwei multiple Formen.Die Saccharase aus allen drei Honigsorten verhielt sich einheitlich, woraus zu schließen ist, daß sie ausschließlich von der Biene stammt. Ihre Molekül masse wurde gelchromatographisch zu 57000 ermittelt.

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The proteins of honeyVIII. Honey sucrase, isolation, chromatographic behaviour and properties

Summary The isolation of the honey sucrase (E.C. 3.2.1.20) from rape- and fir-honey as well as from honey obtained after sugar feeding is described. The separation from other honey enzymes especially from acid phosphatase succeded by reversed phase chromatography. Separation of other, non-active proteins was accomplished by gel permeation chromatography. The behaviour of the honey sucrase upon chromatography on anion exchangers, on hydroxylapatite and wheat germ lectin was investigated. No differences were found between the sucrases of the three honeys.The molecular weight was determined at 57 000. By affinity chromatography with wheat germ lectin the enzyme could be separated into two multiple forms.

     

Temperature effects on the mass flow rate in the SBI and similar heat‐release rate test equipment

In various medium‐to‐large‐scale fire test equipments like the ISO room corner test (RC), and more recently, the single burning item test (SBI) the mass flow rate measurement of the combustion gases plays a key role in the determination of the heat‐release rate and smoke‐production rate. With the knowledge of the velocity profile and the temperature of the flow, the mass flow rate is obtained by measuring the velocity on the axis of the duct. This is done by means of a bi‐directional probe based on the pitot principle. However, due to the variation of the mean temperature and the temperature gradient in any cross section of the duct, introduced by ever changing combustion gas temperatures, the velocity nor the density profile are constant in time. This paper examines the resulting uncertainty on the mass flow rate. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Comparative studies on the enzymatic absorption of protein hydrolysates in the small intestine of the rat. 3. The absorption trypsins thermatatic and trypsin-thermatatic hydrolysates of a fava bean protein isolate compared to an equimolar mixture of free amino acids

Tryptic, thermitatic, and tryptic-thermitatic Faba bean protein hydrolyzates as well as their equimolar mixture of amino acids were perfused through proximal and distal parts of the intestine (10 cm length) of non-narcotized rats. The total amino-acid concentration of the perfused solution was 50 mM. The absorption of nitrogen and total amino acids from the tryptic and tryptic-thermitatic hydrolyzates was lower than that from the amino-acid mixture, the absorption from the thermitatic hydrolyzate was in accordance with that from the amino-acid mixture. The absorption pattern of the amino acids which preferably undergo a peptidic absorption is similar with the three hydrolyzates: in the proximal intestinal part this concerns glutamic acid and serine, in the distal intestinal part--methionine, alanine, glycin, and serine. The absorption pattern of the amino acids is different between the three hydrolyzates and the amino-acid mixture. Between the absorption pattern of the amino acids from the three hydrolyzates little differences were evident only in the proximal intestinal part. The coefficients of variation of the tryptic-thermitatic hydrolyzates are in accordance with those of the amino-acid mixture, whereas that of the thermitatic hydrolyzates is significantly lower. In the distal intestinal part all supplied forms are more rapidly absorbed than in the proximal part of the intestine.     

Verf?rbung grau und wei? pigmentierter Beschichtungen auf Acrylharzbasis auf Tropenh?lzern

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

ESR Refining Potential for Titanium Alloys using a CaF2‐based Active Slag

Since the end of the Cold War and due to the needs to produce titanium more cost‐efficient and thus more attractive for its civilian use, the electroslag remelting (ESR) process has become an increasingly important topic of international research programmes, because titanium and titanium aluminides can be chemically refined by ESR in some degree. Using ESR, titanium turnings from machining steps and scrap from foundries can be remelted, refined and provided as secondary titanium for the market at relatively favourable prices. This article investigates the removability of the main impurities out of titanium and titanium‐aluminium alloys by electroslag remelting using the active slag system CaF₂‐Ca‐(CaO). Thermochemical and kinetic aspects of the ESR process are considered.     

Referate

Ohne Zusammenfassung