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排序方式: 共有176条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Highly effective adsorption of heavy metal ions by a thiol-functionalized magnesium phyllosilicate clay 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A thiol-functionalized layered magnesium phyllosilicate material (called Mg-MTMS), prepared by a direct and cost-effective co-condensation synthesis, has been investigated as a high-capacity adsorbent for heavy metal ions. Structural characterization by powder X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, solid-state 13C and 29Si NMR spectroscopies, and elemental analyses confirms the smectite-type structure and the high organic moiety content of this material. Mg-MTMS was found to be highly effective for the adsorption of Hg(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) ions, exhibiting unprecedented metal ion uptake capacities of 603, 365, and 210 mg of metal/g of adsorbent, respectively. Mg-MTMS shows an equivalent affinity for the three metal ions, removing them from mixed metal solutions with an equal ion uptake capacity (approximately 400 mg of metal/g of adsorbent). Metal-loaded Mg-MTMS can be regenerated by acid treatment without altering the adsorbent properties. The high effectiveness of Mg-MTMS for the capture of metal ions is attributed to both the high concentration of complexing thiol groups (6.4 mmol of SH/g of Mg-MTMS) and the expansion capability of the framework, which facilitates the accessibility of the binding sites. 相似文献
2.
3.
Laser systems have been developed to image underwater objects. However, the performance of these systems can be severely degraded in turbid water. We have developed a technique using modulated light to improve underwater detection and imaging. A program, Modulated Vision System (MVS), which is based on a new theoretical approach, has been developed to predict modulated laser imaging performance. Experiments have been conducted in a controlled laboratory environment to test the accuracy of the theory as a function of system and environmental parameters. Results show a strong correlation between experiment and theory and indicate that the MVS program can be used to predict future system performance. 相似文献
4.
Takada M Nunomiya T Ishikura T Nakamura T Lewis BJ Bennett LG Getley IL Bennett BH 《Radiation protection dosimetry》2012,149(2):169-176
Aircrew exposure to radiation was measured on several long-haul flights using two small commercial electronic personal dosemeters: one was a photon dosemeter, the NRF20; the other was a neutron dosemeter, the NRY21-both manufactured by Fuji Electric Systems Co. Ltd. for radiation protection at nuclear facilities. Non-neutron doses were measured using the photon dosemeter, and neutron doses were measured using the neutron dosemeter. The measured non-neutron doses at commercial aviation altitudes agree with the EPCARD (European Program Package for the Calculation of Aviation Route Doses) dose calculation within a difference of 8 %. However, the recorded neutron doses were 5-15 times larger than the EPCARD calculation. These over-measurements are dependent on cut-off rigidities. 相似文献
5.
TRANSIENT FLOWS AND PRESSURE WAVES IN PIPES 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wang Xiu-qing 《水动力学研究与进展(B辑)》1995,(2)
TRANSIENTFLOWSANDPRESSUREWAVESINPIPESWangXiu-qing(NuclearIndustryManagementInstitute,PostOfficeBox1267,Beijing102600,P.R.Chin... 相似文献
6.
For a ground-based stellar interferometer, we investigate the effect of wave-front distortions that are due to telescope alignment errors and other factors. We apply the results to the IR/Optical Telescope Array (IOTA) interferometer. We present the computational method used in our simulation program to calculate explicitly the wave-front shape from an arbitrarily misaligned telescope. We calculate the wave-front shape and variance for a suite of misalignment conditions and interpret these results to find allowable tolerances on the positions and tilts of the telescope mirrors. We calculate the expected Strehl ratios from a total of ten types of factor, including telescope alignment, that are expected to be important in a real interferometer. Ranking the expected wave-front perturbations, we find that three of them, the wave-front curvature from atmospheric turbulence, the servo system time constant, and the flatness of the relay optics surfaces, are more significant than the telescope alignment factor. We compare observational experience at IOTA with our model estimate of the overall Strehl ratio in the visual and the infrared, finding moderately good agreement and, more important, a guide for future instrumental improvements. 相似文献
7.
Medintz IL Anderson GP Lassman ME Goldman ER Bettencourt LA Mauro JM 《Analytical chemistry》2004,76(19):5620-5629
Biosensors function by reversibly linking bioreceptor-target analyte binding with closely integrated signal generation and can either continuously monitor analyte concentrations or be returned to baseline readout values by removal of analyte. We present an approach for producing fully reversible, reagentless, self-assembling biosensors on surfaces. In the prototype biosensor, quencher-dye-labeled biotin-linked E. coli maltose binding protein (MBP) bound in a specific orientation to a NeutrAvidin-coated surface is employed as a bioreceptor. To complete sensor formation, a modular tether arm consisting of a flexible biotinylated DNA oligonucleotide, a fluorescence resonance energy-transfer (FRET) donor dye, and a distal beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) analyte analogue is bound in an equimolar amount to the same surface by means of DNA-directed immobilization. After self-assembly, a baseline level of FRET quenching is observed due to specific interaction between the beta-CD of the flexible tether arm and the sugar binding site of MBP, which brings the two dyes into proximity. Addition of the target analyte, the nutrient maltose, displaces the linked beta-CD-dye of the DNA-based tether arm, and a concentration-dependent change in FRET results. Biosensor sensitivity and dynamic range can be controlled by either using MBP variants having different binding constants or by binding of modulator DNA oligonucleotides that are complementary to the flexible DNA tether. The sensor can be regenerated and returned to baseline quenching levels by washing away analyte. A complex set of interactions apparently exists on the sensing surface that may contribute to sensor behavior and range. This approach may represent a general way to assemble a wide range of useful biosensors. 相似文献
8.
Goldman ER Clapp AR Anderson GP Uyeda HT Mauro JM Medintz IL Mattoussi H 《Analytical chemistry》2004,76(3):684-688
Quantum dots (QDs) have the potential to simplify the performance of multiplexed analysis. In this work, we prepared bioinorganic conjugates made with highly luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals (CdSe-ZnS core-shell QDs) and antibodies to perform multiplexed fluoroimmunoassays. Sandwich immunoassays for the detection of cholera toxin, ricin, shiga-like toxin 1, and staphylococcal enterotoxin B were performed simultaneously in single wells of a microtiter plate. Initially the assay performance for the detection of each toxin was examined. We then demonstrated the simultaneous detection of the four toxins from a single sample probed with a mixture of all four QD-antibody reagents. Using a simple linear equation-based algorithm, it was possible to deconvolute the signal from mixed toxin samples, which allowed quantitation of all four toxins simultaneously. 相似文献
9.
Gulde S Häffner H Riebe M Lancaster G Becher C Eschner J Schmidt-Kaler F Chuang IL Blatt R 《Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences》2003,361(1808):1363-1374
Quantum information processing is performed with single trapped Ca(+) ions, stored in a linear Paul trap and laser-cooled to the ground state of their harmonic quantum motion. Composite laser-pulse sequences were used to implement SWAP gate, phase gate and controlled-NOT gate operations. Stark shifts on the quantum-bit transitions were precisely measured and compensated. For a demonstration of quantum information processing, a Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm has been implemented using two quantum bits encoded on a single ion. 相似文献
10.
The potential of luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) to enable development of hybrid inorganic-bioreceptor sensing materials has remained largely unrealized. We report the design, formation and testing of QD-protein assemblies that function as chemical sensors. In these assemblies, multiple copies of Escherichia coli maltose-binding protein (MBP) coordinate to each QD by a C-terminal oligohistidine segment and function as sugar receptors. Sensors are self-assembled in solution in a controllable manner. In one configuration, a beta-cyclodextrin-QSY9 dark quencher conjugate bound in the MBP saccharide binding site results in fluorescence resonance energy-transfer (FRET) quenching of QD photoluminescence. Added maltose displaces the beta-cyclodextrin-QSY9, and QD photoluminescence increases in a systematic manner. A second maltose sensor assembly consists of QDs coupled with Cy3-labelled MBP bound to beta-cyclodextrin-Cy3.5. In this case, the QD donor drives sensor function through a two-step FRET mechanism that overcomes inherent QD donor-acceptor distance limitations. Quantum dot-biomolecule assemblies constructed using these methods may facilitate development of new hybrid sensing materials. 相似文献