EFFECT OF GLUCOSE SYRUP SOLID, SUCROSE, HYDROGENATED PALM OIL AND SOY-LECITHIN ON SENSORY ACCEPTABILITY OF DURIAN LEATHER

A two-stage optimization of ingredients in durian leather formulations was conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). In stage 1, the independent variables were glucose syrup solids (GSS) and sucrose, and in stage 2, the variables were hydrogenated palm oil (HPO) and soy-lecithin (SL). Based on the responses to sensory acceptability attributes including taste, aroma, texture, appearance and overall acceptability, the most acceptable formulation was a combination of 10% GSS, 5% sucrose, 2.67% HPO and 0.452% SL. Chemical analysis also showed that during processing nutrient composition was relatively unchanged.     

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DRYERS AND DRYING CONDITIONS ON ACCEPTABILITY AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DURIAN LEATHER

Optimization study on drying condition ofdurian leather was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimization was conducted for two different dryers, oven dryer and forced-air cabinet dryer, with temperature and time of drying as independent variables. It was shown that both variables significantly affected most of the sensory properties. For both dryers, the optimum points for 5 sensory attributes evaluated including taste, aroma, texture, appearance and overall acceptability, were at temperatures ranged from 47–55 C for 10–14 h. Based on the overall acceptability, the optimum condition for oven-dried leather was achieved at temperature 50C for 12.6 h, while for cabinet-dried leather at 52.5C for 10 h. Results showed that panelist preferred product dried with low temperature-long time compared with high temperature-short time. Except for Hunter color b value of cabinet-dried product, results also indicated that drying condition was significantly influencing the physico-chemical properties such as moisture, A_w, nonenzymatic browning, texture, vitamin C and color of durian leather.