HIST: A hierarchical self test methodology for chips,boards, and systems

This article presents the HIST approach, which allows the automated insertion of self test hardware into hierarchically designed circuits and systems to implement the RUNBIST instruction of the IEEE 1149.1 standard. To achieve an optimal and throughout self testable system, the inherent design hierarchy is fully exploited. All chips and boards are provided with appropriate test controllers at each hierarchy level. The approach is able to detect all those faults, which are in the scope of the underlying self test algorithms. In this paper the hierarchical test architecture, the test controllers as well as all necessary synthesis procedures are presented. Finally a successful application of the HIST approach to a cryptography processor is described.     

Effects of low-voltage electrical stimulation during exsanguination on meat quality and display colour stability

Five steers from each of four slaughter groups were randomly assigned to a low-voltage electrical stimulation (LVES) treatment during exsanguination (within 5 min after stunning) and five served as controls (C). LVES consisted of 50V of 60 Hz alternating current (1 s on and 1 s off for 2 min).

At 28 h, LVES longissimus (LM) was lighter in colour, softer, coarser in texture and tended to have lower marbling estimates than C. LVES LM steaks were lighter red at 0 and 1 days, but more discoloured at 5 days, of display than C steaks. Both the deep (DSM) and superficial (SSM) portions of LVES semimembranosus (SM) steaks were lighter red at 0 and 1 days of display than C steaks. Water-holding capacity for LVES LM and DSM steaks was lower than for C steaks. A trained sensory panel found LVES LM steaks to be less juicy and less tender than C steaks. Also, LVES LM steaks had greater cooking losses than C steaks in two of the four slaughter groups. We conclude that LVES during exsanguination, coupled with relatively slow initial chilling, may be detrimental to muscle quality.     

Distributed Symbolic Bounded Property Checking

In this paper we describe an algorithm for distributed, BDD-based bounded property checking and its implementation in the verification tool SymC. The distributed algorithm verifies larger models and returns results faster than the sequential version.The core algorithm distributes partitions of the state set to computation nodes after reaching a threshold size. The nodes proceed with image computation on the nodes asynchronously. The main scalability problem of this scheme is the overlap of state set partitions. We present static and dynamic overlap reduction techniques.     

Effects of counselor and client racial similarity on the counselor's response patterns and skills.

To test the hypothesis that factors of racial differences may mediate counselor–client interactions in terms of the counselor's attending and expressive response style and the delivery and type appropriateness of responses, 60 graduate level Black and White counselor trainees were asked to counsel both Black and White clients. As hypothesized, Ss' delivery scores and the type appropriateness of responses were significantly better under conditions of racial similarity with the clients. Both Black and White Ss were rated as being more expressive than attending in their response patterns toward Black clients. Findings have implications for counselor–client relationships and professional training programs for psychological counseling in multiracial settings. (20 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Application-Layer Traffic Analysis of a Peer-to-Peer System

Characterizing traffic behavior helps to optimize the network architecture for improved performance. Using a modified LimeWire servent (for both the server and client) and a variance-time plot for traffic characterization, the authors analyze the Gnutella protocol's traffic shape and find that the messages exhibit a self-similar shape. This result shows network designers that they need to consider the self-similar traffic shape in their set-up — for instance, by introducing appropriate buffer sizes.     

Nonlinear fir magneto-photoconductivity on quasi-bound Coulomb states of light holes in high purity p-Ge

The far-infrared magneto-photoconductivity due to optical transitions from the acceptor ground state into quasi-bound Coulomb states in p-Ge has been investigated at low temperatures as a function of intensity applying a high-power cw molecular laser. For intensities above about 1 mW/cm² the photoconductive signal shows a square root dependence on intensity, which is attributed to nonlinear free carrier capture in the low compensated material. The experimental results are analyzed in terms of a rate equation model yielding the kinetic parameters of the carrier generation- and recombination process involved.