低能高通量氦离子辐照下W28Ta28V28Zr8Sc8高熵合金损伤行为研究

采用放电等离子烧结技术制备了W₂₈Ta₂₈V₂₈Zr₈Sc₈高熵合金,研究了高熵合金在低能量、高通量氦离子辐照下的损伤行为。结果表明,在相同He离子辐照参数下,高熵合金表现出比纯W更优异的抗辐照损伤性能。不同He离子能量条件下,高熵合金中出现严重Fuzz结构时的He离子能量阈值远高于纯W。在相同辐照参数下,高熵合金有着明显小于纯W的Fuzz层厚度。W₂₈Ta₂₈V₂₈Zr₈Sc₈高熵合金中不同相区在辐照后表现出不同的表面形貌特点,这与构成相区主要元素的He离子辐照行为有关。通过设计高熵合金的显微组织,可以获得优良的抗辐照材料。     

非贵金属活化氧化铝陶瓷基板化学镀铜研究

提出一种新型的非贵金属活化法辅助二次化学镀的氧化铝陶瓷基板化学镀铜工艺,成功制备了表面完整、分布均匀的铜镀层,进一步通过冷场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)做了具体分析。可以发现,经预处理活化之后的氧化铝基板表面产生一定程度的表面缺陷,主要包括不同梯度的台阶,颗粒与颗粒之间的边缘化以及‘地道式’的孔洞。在第一次化学镀铜沉积一定量的铜颗粒之后表面仍存在大量的空隙,即未镀区域。但在二次化学镀工艺之后,表面完全覆盖镀层,其中镀层表面上小的圆球状(2~3μm)铜颗粒夹杂在大的胞状(4~5μm)颗粒之间,整体上为颗粒与颗粒的物理聚集然后通过堆垛而形成的。     

Heat stress reduces the accumulation of rosmarinic acid and the total antioxidant capacity in spearmint (Mentha spicata L)

Selected high‐phenolic lines of spearmint were subjected to a constant 30 °C heat regimen for a period of 4 weeks to determine the effects of heat stress on soluble phenolics, phenols and rosmarinic acid biosynthesis and antioxidant capacity. Heat stress significantly reduced levels of total phenolic acids (71–87%) and soluble phenols (75–87%). This loss was concomitant with a loss of total antioxidant capacity of 21–60% after week 1 and up to 95% by week 4. High‐performance liquid chromatography profiling of heat‐stressed plants at 270 and 320 nm detected nearly a complete loss of rosmarinic acid in all seven chemotypes. High‐temperature drying of non‐heat‐stressed plants at 80 °C resulted in a similar loss of total antioxidant capacity and rosmarinic acid content an effect not observed in material that was subjected to low‐temperature drying first, followed by exposure to high temperature. This suggests that heat stress negatively regulates rosmarinic acid biosynthesis and causes a potential rapid biological breakdown of rosmarinic acid in tissues. 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical assays of heat‐stressed and non‐stressed plants clearly show that rosmarinic acid is the major contributor to the antioxidant capacity in spearmint. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Modeling of enterprise management structure for data leakage evaluation

Modern organizations strongly rely on various forms of data, ranging from communication technologies to bookkeeping and manufacturing. It is a crucial asset of any enterprise, requiring special attention security-wise. One of the data security areas currently in focus is data leakage. It may occur due to malicious attacks, human error, unintentional data sharing, etc. Therefore it is important to predict all data leakage possibilities and prevent them. This paper proposes an Enterprise Management Structure (EMS) model for information flow data leakage probability estimation. The model evaluates the probability of data leakage according to possible human error and summarized security properties for data processing and transfer. Four different versions of small EMS are analyzed using the proposed model. The study concludes that its results meet expert evaluation tendencies and correlate with Bell-LaPadula confidentiality model.     

核聚变堆用钨表面超精密抛光的研究现状与趋势

钨作为未来核聚变堆中最有前景的面向等离子体材料,在反应堆工况下将承受高能粒子的辐照冲击。表面质量的好坏会直接影响材料的氢/氦滞留行为和辐照损伤程度,进而影响聚变堆的安全性和可靠性。现阶段,针对钨的抗辐照改性研究主要着眼于材料的成分、结构和组织设计,关于机械加工对材料表面抗辐照改性的研究甚少。文章聚焦前沿科学问题,从机械加工角度分析核材料领域科学问题,结合国内外相关研究成果及核聚变堆用钨(PFM-W)的机械加工现状,阐述了PFM-W表面超精密抛光的必要性。通过对比不同抛光方法,提出了磁流变抛光和力流变抛光是较为适合PFM-W表面超精密加工的观点,并对未来PFM-W表面超精密抛光研究趋势进行了分析,重点在抛光方法的探索以及抛光后材料表面质量对抗辐照性能影响的研究。     

复合稀土氧化物掺杂W-20Cu复合材料的制备及组织性能研究

以偏钨酸铵和硝酸铜为原料,采用EDTA-柠檬酸法制备了含有0~0.8wt.%稀土氧化物( Ce_0.8Sm_0.2O_1.9, SDC)的W-20Cu复合粉体,所制备的复合粉体经压制成型、1250°C烧结2h后获得SDC/W-20Cu复合材料烧结体。对所制备复合粉体进行物相、形貌的表征;研究稀土氧化物的添加对SDC/W-20Cu烧结体的密度、组织结构和物理力学性能的影响。实验结果表明：所制备的W-Cu复合粉体平均粒度为100~200nm;同时,SDC的添加对烧结体的密度和电导率会有轻微的影响,但能够抑制晶粒的长大并明显改善烧结体的力学性能。经1250°C烧结后,SDC/W-20Cu烧结体的相对密度均高于97%;当SDC的添加量为0.6%时,具有最大的抗弯强度和显微硬度,分别是1128MPa和258HV;此外,在室温和600°C的测试条件下,其最大的抗拉强度可以达到580MPa和258MPa。     

陶瓷粉体化学镀前活化处理的研究现状

综述了陶瓷粉体化学镀前常用的活化处理方法的研究现状、处理过程和应用,包括敏化-活化两步法,胶体钯活化法,敏化-活化一步法,离子钯敏化-活化处理及不含贵金属的活化法。展望了陶瓷粉体化学镀前活化处理技术的发展前景。     

Influence of stabilization and short-term relaxation to compression generated by stocking welt

Abstract

This research was carried out to investigate the influence of yarns and knitting parameters, stabilization, and relaxation processes on compression properties of knitted fabrics, used for stocking welt or other compression products. It is well-known that there is a high correlation between the mechanical properties of the fabric and its generated pressure. Also, it is proved that generated compression values decrease during the time they are being worn. In this research, it was found that course and wale density of knitted fabric, as well as tensile force values, increased after the stabilization process. Moreover, increases of linear density of core yarn (PU) of elastomeric yarn do not have direct linear influence to its generated tensile force. The results of short-term stress relaxation tests (300?sec) showed that the major alteration of the generated compression values appears during the first 100?sec period of relaxation process.     

激光熔覆Cr_3C_2-Ni复合涂层的减摩性能

以粉末化学镀法制备的Cr_3C_(2-)Ni复合粉末作为预置层,在Q235钢板表面用激光熔覆技术制备了减摩复合涂层.研究了Cr_3C_(2-)-Ni涂层在干摩擦条件下的减摩性能,并对磨损形貌进行了SEM观察,对涂层的硬度进行了测 试.结果表明,该涂层组织均匀致密、硬度较高;涂层的摩擦性能稳定,摩擦系数为0.44;硬质Cr_3C_(2-)粒子与金属粘结相的配合能有效提高熔覆层的承载能力,减小摩擦损失.     

Microstructure and tribological properties of laser clad Ni-Ag/Tic composite coating

Ni-Ag/TiC composite coating was prepared on the 45 steel substrates by means of laser cladding. Microstructure and wear properties of composite coatings were analyzed using optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and wear machine. The experimental results show that defects, such as cracks and pores, do not occur in the laser-cladded Ni-Ag/TiC composite coating and 45 steel substrate, and they present good metallurgical bonding between them. Compared with Ni/TiC composite coating, micro- hardness values of the two coatings do not present evident differences. The wear experiment result shows that Ni-Ag/TiC composite coated with Ag possesses low friction coefficient and good wear resistance compared with Ni/TiC composite coating.