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Three multimethod studies (total N?=?348) probed the hypothesis that women's attraction to men would be influenced by male prosocial orientation. In Study 1, prosocial men were rated as more physically and sexually attractive, socially desirable, and desirable as dates than were nonprosocial men. Dominant men were no more attractive than low-dominance men, and male dominance did not interact with male prosocial orientation in eliciting attraction from women. In Study 2, prosocial orientation was manipulated to avoid "personalism," but still affected attraction. Across all measures attraction was an interactive function of dominance and prosocial tendencies. Dominance alone did not increase any form of attraction measured. In Study 3, male prosocial tendencies and dominance interacted to affect women's attraction to men. Results are discussed in terms of the place of altruism and dominance in evolutionary approaches to human interpersonal attraction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)  相似文献   
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We define and identify bidding strategies in real-life small loan auctions (Prosper.com). In such auctions, lenders bid for borrowers' loan listings and the winners get to fund the loan at an interest rate determined by the auction. The exceptionally large empirical database provided by Prosper.com offers a unique opportunity to test and further develop the theory of online auctions. This study shows that bidding behavior is not homogeneous among bidders, as the traditional auction theory suggests. Instead, bidders use many different bidding strategies. Moreover, learning and bidders' consistency over time in different auctions is studied.  相似文献   
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The prevalent visions of ambient intelligence emphasise natural interaction between user and functions and services embedded in the environment or available through mobile devices. In these scenarios the physical and virtual worlds seamlessly gear into each other, making crossing the border between these worlds natural or even invisible to the user. The bottleneck in reaching these scenarios appear in the natural mapping between the physical objects and their virtual counterparts. The emergence of local connectivity in mobile devices opens possibilities for implementing novel user interface paradigms to enhance this mapping. We present physical selection paradigm for implementing an intuitive human technology interaction for mobile devices. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the paradigm we implemented two experimental set-ups using commercially available smart phones with IrDA connectivity. The experiments involved selecting a website by physically pointing at its symbol and making a phone call by pointing at an icon representing the person to be called. In tentative user experiments the physical selection method was more time-efficient and it was perceived more positively by the users than a conventional method.
Heikki AilistoEmail:
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Oxidation state of titanium was determined in CaO‐SiO2‐TiOx slags in the composition range 25‐53 percent CaO, 27‐46 percent SiO2, 10‐55 percent TiOx at 1873K using gas equilibration method. In the experiments, slags with different titanium oxide contents were equilibrated with a known carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide ratio. The results were used to determine the Ti3+ and Ti4+ contents as well as the activity coefficient ratio of corresponding oxides in the slag. The dependence of the activity coefficient ratio as a function of oxygen partial pressure was determined.  相似文献   
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The aim of this study is to identify the parameters defining how Lean Construction (LC) is being implemented (current condition) and how LC can be further promoted (future direction) from a Small-Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) perspective. Although SMEs constitute the largest group in construction supply chains, LC, as an emerging phenomenon in civil construction project management, has been rarely investigated from an SMEs perspective. Also, overlooking the more macro factors like project governance and supply chain management, LC deployments have been mainly discussed from a production process perspective to date. After a review of the extant literature and 20 interviews with managers from the highways sector, a list of 31 current condition and 40 future direction statements were produced, classified under the delivery, process, training, project governance and supply chain related headings and used in a questionnaire survey with 110 responses. The current condition highlights problems like a short-term relations structure, competitive tendering mechanisms, fragmentation, problems in engaging with SMEs for LC, unstandardised LC techniques, and issues with convincing SMEs to deploy LC by demonstrating the business case on mutual benefits. Action items relating to the current project delivery structure were given the highest importance by the supply chain, alongside the LC training and project governance issues for the future of LC at highways SMEs. Additionally, a statistically significant correlation was identified among many future action items.  相似文献   
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An explanation for the low innovation activity in construction is put forward. The central argument is that the current theory of construction is one root cause for low innovation activity. Instead, an explicit and more powerful theory of construction is needed for further innovation, which is ‘to manage new ideas into good currency’. There are three main mechanisms in the current theory of construction which are identified as causing this hindrance. Firstly, production theories in general, as well as construction theories specifically, have been implicit. Therefore, it has not been possible to transfer radical managerial innovations, such as lean production, from manufacturing to construction at a theoretical level. Direct application of this production template to construction has been limited due to the different context of construction in comparison with manufacturing. Secondly, the current theoretical model of construction is based on the transformation model of production. It is argued that the principles of this model are counterproductive, because uncertainty and interdependence are abstracted away. This leads to fragmented and myopic management and inflated variability. Practical examples show that these deficiencies and related practical constraints hinder the implementation of top-down innovations. Thirdly, empirical research shows that also bottom-up innovations - systematic learning and problem solving - are being hindered by the current theory. Thus, the advancement of innovations in construction requires that a new, explicit and valid theory of construction is created, and business models and control methods are developed on the basis of that new theory. Cet article propose une explication concernant le taux bas de l'activité d'innovation dans la secteur du bâtiment. L'argument central étant que la théorie actuelle de la construction est une des raisons fondamentales de cette activité basse d'innover. Au lieu de cela, on a besoin d'une théorie de la construction explicite et plus efficace afin d'innover. Dans la théorie actuelle du bâtiment, il y a trois mécanismes fondamentaux qui sont identifiés comme causes gênant cette innovation. Premièrement, les théories de production en général, ainsi que les théories de la construction en particulier, ont été implicites. Ainsi, il était impossible de transférer des innovations gestionnaires radicales, comme la production allégée (lean production), à partir du domaine de la fabrication à celui du bâtiment à un niveau théorique. L'application directe de ce modèle de production au secteur bâtiment a été limitée à cause du contexte différent de celui-ci en comparaison de celui de la fabrication. Deuxièmement, le modèle théorique actuel de la construction bâtiment est basé sur le modèle de la transformation de production. On avance que les principes de ce modèle agissent négativement sur la productivité parce que l'incertitude et l'interdépendance en sont exclues. Ceci mène à une gestion fragmentée et myope ainsi qu'à une inflation de la variabilité. Des exemples pratiques montrent que ces déficiences et les contraintes pratiques qui leur sont liées, gênent les implémentations des innovations de haut en bas. Troisièmement, une étude empirique montre que les innovations de bas en haut - c'est-à-dire l'apprentissage systématique et la résolution de problèmes - sont gênés par la théorie actuelle. Ainsi, le progrès dan les innovations du secteur bâtiment exige qu'une nouvelle théorie explicite et valide soit créée, et que des modèles d'affaires et des méthodes de contrôle soient développés sur la base de cette nouvelle théorie.  相似文献   
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