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Federico Paolini Paoletti Simone Simoni Lucilla Parnetti Lorenzo Gaetani 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Brain small vessel disease (SVD) refers to a variety of structural and functional changes affecting small arteries and micro vessels, and manifesting as white matter changes, microbleeds and lacunar infarcts. Growing evidence indicates that SVD might play a significant role in the neurobiology of central nervous system (CNS) neurodegenerative disorders, namely Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), and neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). These disorders share different pathophysiological pathways and molecular mechanisms (i.e., protein misfolding, derangement of cellular clearance systems, mitochondrial impairment and immune system activation) having neurodegeneration as biological outcome. In these diseases, the actual contribution of SVD to the clinical picture, and its impact on response to pharmacological treatments, is not known yet. Due to the high frequency of SVD in adult-aged patients, it is important to address this issue. In this review, we report preclinical and clinical data on the impact of SVD in AD, PD and MS, with the main aim of clarifying the predictability of SVD on clinical manifestations and treatment response. 相似文献
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Fabio Maria Sabbatini Dr. Romano Di Fabio Dr. Mauro Corsi Dr. Paolo Cavanni Dr. Steve M. Bromidge Dr. Yves St‐Denis Dr. Lucilla D'Adamo Dr. Marilisa Rinaldi Dr. Chiara Savoia Dr. Claudia Mundi Dr. Benedetta Perini Dr. Andrew J. Carpenter Dr. Giovanna Dal Forno Dr. Federico Faggioni Dr. Michela Tessari Dr. Francesca Pavone Dr. Alberto Buson Dr. Mario Mattioli Dr. Elisabetta Perdona' Dr. Sergio Melotto Dr. 《ChemMedChem》2010,5(9):1450-1455
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Manzano M Cocolin L Iacumin L Cantoni C Comi G 《International journal of food microbiology》2005,101(3):333-339
In this paper new primers, annealing to the ITS2 region, were used to obtain a PCR product that was subsequently subjected to Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (TGGE) analysis. The PCR-TGGE method performed was able to distinguish Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. paradoxus and distinguish between strains of S. cerevisiae. Direct analysis of S. cerevisiae and S. paradoxus ecology in musts were also performed. 相似文献
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Lucilla Iacumin Francesca Cecchini Marisa Manzano Milena Osualdini Daria Boscolo Sandi Orlic Giuseppe Comi 《Food microbiology》2009
Four types of sourdoughs (L, C, B, Q) from artisanal bakeries in Northern Italy were studied using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. In all samples, the yeast numbers ranged from 160 to 107 cfu/g, and the numbers of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) ranged from 103 to 109 cfu/g. The isolated LAB were sequenced, and a similarity was noted between two samples (C, Q), both in terms of the species that were present and in terms of the percentage of isolates. In these two samples, Lactobacillus plantarum accounted for 73% and 89% of the bacteria, and Lactobacillus brevis represented 27% and 11%. In the third sample (B), however, the dominant LAB isolate was Lb. brevis (73%), while Lb. plantarum accounted for only 27%. The fourth sourdough (L) was completely different from the others. In this sample, the most prominent isolate was Weisella cibaria (56%), followed by Lb. plantarum (36%) and Pediococcus pentosaceus (8%). In three out of four samples (L, C and Q), all of the yeasts isolated were identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yet only Candida humilis (90%) and Candida milleri (10%) were isolated in the fourth sample (B). The microbial ecology of the sourdoughs was also examined with direct methods. The results obtained by culture-independent methods and DGGE analysis underline a partial correspondence between the DNA and RNA analysis. These results demonstrate the importance of using a combined analytical approach to explore the microbial communities of sourdoughs. 相似文献
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Lucilla Iacumin Luca Chiesa Daria Boscolo Marisa Manzano Carlo Cantoni Sandi Orlic Giuseppe Comi 《Food microbiology》2009
The use of moulds as a seasoning for sausage can have both desirable and undesirable consequences. The desirable consequences are the creation of a successful product that appeals to consumers. The undesirable consequences are due to the growth of undesirable moulds that produce highly toxic secondary metabolites referred to as mycotoxins. The aim of the paper was to investigate the presence of moulds producing ochratoxin A (OTA) on the surface of sausages from northern Italy. A total of 757 mould strains were isolated from sausage casings. The most frequently identified species were Penicillium nalgiovense, Penicillium oxalicum, Eurotium amstelodami, Penicillium olsonii, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium verrucosum, Penicillium viridicatum, and Eupenicillium crustaceum. Aspergillus ochraceus was detected in only one production lot. Approximately 45% of these samples were positive for the presence of OTA. On the casings of the investigated sausages, the lowest and highest OTA values were 3 and 18 μg/kg, respectively. The OTA concentration was reduced to below the limit of detection (LOD) by brushing and washing the sausages prior to sale. From these data it appears that the presence of OTA on the surface of sausage (on the casings) is not indicative of any health risk for human consumption of sausage, since OTA was not identified inside the dry meat. 相似文献
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The spore-forming genus Bacillus includes species of industrial, clinical and environmental significance. The possibility of differentiating between Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis, toxin producers associated with illness, is a real need in monitoring potentially contaminated foods to understand the real distribution of B. cereus/B. thuringiensis in different outbreak cases. As the use of DNA comparison obtains clearer results than classical microbiological methods in distinguishing B. cereus from B. thuringiensis in this work PCR-TTGE (Temporal Temperature Gradient gel Electrophoresis), rep-PCR and RAPD-PCR methods have been compared to assess the intra- and inter-specific variability of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis. 80 strains of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolated from food, patients and pesticides were analyzed using a gyrB gene DNA sequence in TTGE; primer M13 in the RAPD-PCR and primers REP1DT and REP2DT in the rep-PCR methods. A widespread distribution of the electrophoretic profiles was obtained either for B. cereus or for B. thuringiensis using TTGE. rep-PCR and RAPD-PCR were not always able to group strains from the same origin or belonging to the same species. The fingerprints obtained with the rep- and RAPD-PCR methods confirm the high intraspecific variability present in B. cereus and B. thuringiensis indicating the difficulty to discriminate between these two species in outbreak cases. 相似文献
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Coagulase-negative cocci (CNC) are important microorganisms in fermented sausages because they release lipases and proteases that are able to free short-chain fatty acids and peptides and aminoacids, respectively, that are responsible for the aroma of fermented sausage. The purpose of this study was to characterize Staphylococcus xylosus strains isolated from naturally fermented sausages, produced in three different processing plants in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region in the Northeast of Italy. Two hundred and forty-nine strains of S. xylosus were identified by species-specific PCR and subjected to molecular and technological characterization. RAPD-PCR with primer M13, Rep-PCR using primer (GTG)(5) and Sau-PCR with primer SAG(1) were used for the molecular analysis, while the capability of the strains to grow at different temperatures and in the presence of NaCl and their lipolytic and proteolytic activity were tested in order to define the technological characteristics. The results obtained allowed us to differentiate strains coming from different plants, thereby admitting the presence of strains that are plant-specific. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to compare the ecology of catalase-positive cocci (CPC) present in traditional fermented sausages produced using different breeds of pork, each of which was raised in two different environments and processed using two different technologies. Semi-quantitative molecular methods were used to determine bacterial identities. Almost all fermentations were characterised by a significant increase in CPC during the first few days of fermentation, reaching values of 105-106 cfu g−1 within 3 days. Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus equorum species, which were detected over the course of fermentation, were found to be the predominant population in all the monitored fermentation. Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus lentus, Micrococcus luteus, Macrococcus caseolyticus and Staphylococcus succinus were also present, but their concentrations were found to vary under the different experimental conditions. Using cluster analysis, we concluded that a plant-specific CPC ecology existed. In addition, the breed of pork used for production was found to influence the presence of some CPC species. However, from this study, it was not possible to reach the same conclusion regarding the breeding system used. 相似文献
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Pierangelo Bonini Lucilla C. Sanguini Laura Grossi Ferruccio Ceriotti Michelangelo Murone 《Journal of Automated Methods and Management in Chemistry》1988,10(3):121-129
A clinical laboratory evaluation was conducted on the Clinitek Auto 2000, the Super Aution Analyzer and the Urotron RL9 for the determination of glucose, protein, pH, blood, ketone-bodies and bilirubin.Precision of the systems was tested using three commercial control urine materials, and reported as the percentage of times the instrument repeats a certain value. Good repeatability was obtained with all the instruments.Accuracy of the systems was evaluated by comparison with quantitative procedures, and to check agreement between methods yielding semi-quantitative and quantitative results, ranges of acceptability were defined, based on the criteria reported in a previous paper [2]. It was then found that 87.5 to 98.9% of results from the Urotron RL9 and the Clinitek Auto 2000 were acceptable. With the Super Aution Analyzer the level of agreement was apparently lower because of the higher number of concentration steps used by this instrument. 相似文献