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Chiara Rossi Antonio Salvati Mariarosaria Distaso Daniela Campani Francesco Raggi Edoardo Biancalana Domenico Tric Maurizia Rossana Brunetto Anna Solini 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(13)
P2X7R-NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes activate caspase-1 and the release of cytokines involved in viral-related liver disease. Little is known about their role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis (NASH). We characterized the role of inflammasomes in NAFLD, NASH, and HCV. Gene expression and subcellular localization of P2X7R/P2X4R-NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome components were examined in histopathological preparations of 46 patients with biopsy-proven viral and metabolic liver disease using real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. P2X7R, P2X4R, and Caspase-1 are two- to five-fold more expressed in patients with NAFLD/NASH associated with chronic HCV infection than those with metabolic damage only (p ≤ 0.01 for all comparisons). The AIM2 inflammasome is 4.4 times more expressed in patients with chronic HCV infection, regardless of coexistent metabolic abnormalities (p = 0.0006). IL-2, a cytokine playing a pivotal role during chronic HCV infection, showed a similar expression in HCV and NASH patients (p = 0.77) but was virtually absent in NAFLD. The P2X7R-NLRP3 complex prevailed in infiltrating macrophages, while AIM2 was localized in Kupffer cells. Caspase-1 expression correlated with elastography-based liver fibrosis (r = 0.35, p = 0.02), whereas P2X7R, P2X4R, NRLP3, Caspase-1, and IL-2 expression correlated with circulating markers of disease severity. P2X7R and P2X4R play a major role in liver inflammation accompanying chronic HCV infection, especially when combined with metabolic damage, while AIM2 is specifically expressed in chronic viral hepatitis. We describe for the first time the hepatic expression of IL-2 in NASH, so far considered a peculiarity of HCV-related liver damage. 相似文献
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Mariarosaria Conte Rosanna Palumbo Alessandra Monti Elisabetta Fontana Angela Nebbioso Menotti Ruvo Lucia Altucci Nunzianna Doti 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(1)
The AIF/CypA complex exerts a lethal activity in several rodent models of acute brain injury. Upon formation, it translocates into the nucleus of cells receiving apoptotic stimuli, inducing chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and cell death by a caspase-independent mechanism. Inhibition of this complex in a model of glutamate-induced cell death in HT-22 neuronal cells by an AIF peptide (AIF(370-394)) mimicking the binding site on CypA, restores cell survival and prevents brain injury in neonatal mice undergoing hypoxia-ischemia without apparent toxicity. Here, we explore the effects of the peptide on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells stimulated with staurosporine (STS), a cellular model widely used to study Parkinson’s disease (PD). This will pave the way to understanding the role of the complex and the potential therapeutic efficacy of inhibitors in PD. We find that AIF(370-394) confers resistance to STS-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells similar to that observed with CypA silencing and that the peptide works on the AIF/CypA translocation pathway and not on caspases activation. These findings suggest that the AIF/CypA complex is a promising target for developing novel therapeutic strategies against PD. 相似文献
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Claudia Stefanutti Fabio Mazza Antonio Vivenzio Serafina Di Giacomo Giuseppina Perrone Mariarosaria Serra Antonello Bucci 《Lipids》2009,44(12):1141-1148
An open-labeled randomized trial with parallel groups was carried out to study the effects of Dif1stat® (Monascus purpureus–Linear aliphatic alcohols–Niacin) in the treatment of primary moderate hypercholesterolemia. The trial lasted 8 months. The patients, males and females, were assigned to two groups: A (#130), treated with diet, and B (#110) submitted to diet + Dif1stat®. After 4 months, group A did not show significant changes in Total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDLC), HDL-cholesterol (HDLC) or non-HDL-cholesterol (non-HDLC). The same group, showed a reduction in TC (–22%), LDLC (–30%) and non-HDLC (–27%) after 8 months (P ≤ 0.001). After 4 months, TC (–21.3%), LDLC (–29%), and non-HDLC (–26%) were significantly lowered in group B (P ≤ 0.001). In group B, TC, LDLC and non-HDLC showed a further reduction after 8 months: –29.4, –38 and –37%, respectively (P ≤ 0.001). Even triglycerides (TG) decreased significantly (–33%) (P ≤ 0.001). After 8 months, group B showed a significant reduction of TG (–33%) (P ≤ 0.001), when compared to group A. Some safety parameters were significantly reduced in both groups: AST and γ-GT in group A after 4 and 8 months, as well as ALT, AST and γ-GT in group B after 8 months (P ≤ 0.001). Dif1stat®, given with a suitable diet, was well tolerated in the long-term and induced an anti-atherogenic plasma lipid and lipoprotein profile, in patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia. 相似文献
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Minds and Machines - 相似文献
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Minds and Machines - 相似文献
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Designing Dual Transglutaminase 2/Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Effective at Halting Neuronal Death 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Manuela Basso Dr. Huan Huan Chen Dr. Debasmita Tripathy Dr. Mariarosaria Conte Dr. Kim Y. P. Apperley Dr. Angela De Simone Prof. Dr. Jeffrey W. Keillor Prof. Dr. Rajiv Ratan Dr. Angela Nebbioso Dr. Federica Sarno Prof. Dr. Lucia Altucci Dr. Andrea Milelli 《ChemMedChem》2018,13(3):227-230
In recent years there has been a clear consensus that neurodegenerative conditions can be better treated through concurrent modulation of different targets. Herein we report that combined inhibition of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) synergistically protects against toxic stimuli mediated by glutamate. Based on these findings, we designed and synthesized a series of novel dual TG2–HDAC binding agents. Compound 3 [(E)‐N‐hydroxy‐5‐(3‐(4‐(3‐oxo‐3‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)prop‐1‐en‐1‐yl)phenyl)thioureido)pentanamide] emerged as the most interesting of the series, being able to inhibit TG2 and HDACs both in vitro (TG2 IC50=13.3±1.5 μm , HDAC1 IC50=3.38±0.14 μm , HDAC6 IC50=4.10±0.13 μm ) and in cell‐based assays. Furthermore, compound 3 does not exert any toxic effects in cortical neurons up to 50 μm and protects neurons against toxic insults induced by glutamate (5 mm ) with an EC50 value of 3.7±0.5 μm . 相似文献
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All organisms have evolved many DNA repair pathways to counteract the different types of DNA damages. The detection of DNA damage leads to distinct cellular responses that bring about cell cycle arrest and the induction of DNA repair mechanisms. In particular, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are extremely toxic for cell survival, that is why cells use specific mechanisms of DNA repair in order to maintain genome stability. The choice among the repair pathways is mainly linked to the cell cycle phases. Indeed, if it occurs in an inappropriate cellular context, it may cause genome rearrangements, giving rise to many types of human diseases, from developmental disorders to cancer. Here, we analyze the most recent remarks about the main pathways of DSB repair with the focus on homologous recombination. A thorough knowledge in DNA repair mechanisms is pivotal for identifying the most accurate treatments in human diseases. 相似文献
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Barbara Pascucci Francesca Spadaro Donatella Pietraforte Chiara De Nuccio Sergio Visentin Paola Giglio Eugenia Dogliotti Mariarosaria DErrico 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(13)
Cockayne syndrome group A (CS-A) is a rare recessive progeroid disorder characterized by sun sensitivity and neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Cells derived from CS-A patients present as pathological hallmarks excessive oxidative stress, mitochondrial fragmentation and apoptosis associated with hyperactivation of the mitochondrial fission dynamin related protein 1 (DRP1). In this study, by using human cell models we further investigated the interplay between DRP1 and CSA and we determined whether pharmacological or genetic inhibition of DRP1 affects disease progression. Both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are in excess in CS-A cells and when the mitochondrial translocation of DRP1 is inhibited a reduction of these species is observed together with a recovery of mitochondrial integrity and a significant decrease of apoptosis. This study indicates that the CSA-driven modulation of DRP1 pathway is key to control mitochondrial homeostasis and apoptosis and suggests DRP1 as a potential target in the treatment of CS patients. 相似文献
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Galbiati Susanna; Recla Monica; Pastore Valentina; Liscio Mariarosaria; Bardoni Alessandra; Castelli Enrico; Strazzer Sandra 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2009,23(1):40
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently affects both the basic and the superordinate components of attention; deficits vary according to patient age. This study evaluated the efficacy of a specific remediation intervention for attention. Sixty-five TBI patients (aged 6?18 years) with attention deficit were assessed at baseline and at 1-year follow-up: 40 patients received attention-specific neuropsychological training for 6 months, and the control group comprised 25 patients. Cognitive assessment included a Wechsler Intelligence Scale (e.g., A. Orsini, 1993) and the Continuous Performance Test II (CPT II; C. K. Conners, 2000). The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS; S. Sparrow, D. Balla & D. V. Cicchetti, 1984) was administered to assess the treatment's ecological validity. At baseline, all patients presented with a mild intellectual disability and pathological scores on the CPT II. At follow-up, significant differences were found between the 2 groups on the CPT II and VABS: The clinical group improved more than the control group. Specific remediation training for attention, including a combination of a process-specific approach and metacognitive strategies, significantly improved attention performance. Improvement in attention skills also affected adaptive skills positively. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献