Dissolution Profiling of Six Modified-Release Oral Solid Dosage Forms

Dissolution testing was conducted for six non-combination, single entity, modified-release oral solid dosage forms. Dissolution medium was water and 0.1 N hydrochloric acid. USP Apparatus 1 and Apparatus 2 were used arid were rotated at either 50 or 100 rpm. A complete dissolution profile was obtained for all six dosage forms based on their stated dosing interval, D. The three strengths of Theo-dur tablets, Norpace CR 150 mg capsules, and the two strengths of Chlor-trimeton tablets passed the Compendial Case One requirements (USP XXI, 2S, 1906). Thorazine spansules and Quinidex tablets were unable to meet the specifications with water as the dissolution medium; the latter showed improved dissolution character in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid. Tenuate Dospan 75 mg tablets showed good release characteristics in water when the authentic (dosing interval (D = 24 hours) was changed to a modified dosing interval of D* = 12 hours. All dissolution aliquots were assayed by UV absorbance measurements at the absorbance maximum for each drug and were also checked for excipient interference. Newer drugs appearing on the market will be more likely candidates for meeting compendial specifications; modified-release pharmaceuticals that appeared before the new specifications may have to be allocated specifically expanded window percentages.     

Adoption of human metabolic processes as Data Quality Based Models

The Journal of Supercomputing - The buildup of huge data within business intelligence is essential because such data includes complete conceptual and technological stack in addition to raw and...     

Creep and shrinkage prediction model for analysis and design of concrete structures— model B3

RILEM Draft Recommendation107-GCS Guidelines for the Formulation of Creep and Shrinkage Prediction Models

Creep and shrinkage prediction model for analysis and design of concrete structures— model B₃     

Electrosynthesis of conducting polyanilines in biphasic media

The electrochemical polymerization of aniline has been studied in the biphasic media. One phase comprises a polar medium containing some added electrolytes and the other a non-polar solvent containing the monomer. Ferric chloride has been used as the supporting electrolyte to catalyse the process of electropolymerization. Polyaniline was obtained in moderate yields with the highestR _p of 0·0237% per hour and a maximum polymerization efficiency of 61·65 ￠ 10⁻² mol/Faraday. The observations and experimental results suggest a cationic mechanism.     

Activatable Nanoreporters for Real-Time Tracking of Macrophage Phenotypic States Associated with Disease Progression

Diagnosis of inflammatory diseases is characterized by identifying symptoms, biomarkers, and imaging. However, conventional techniques lack the sensitivities and specificities to detect disease early. Here, it is demonstrated that the detection of macrophage phenotypes, from inflammatory M1 to alternatively activated M2 macrophages, corresponding to the disease state can be used to predict the prognosis of various diseases. Activatable nanoreporters that can longitudinally detect the presence of the enzyme Arginase 1, a hallmark of M2 macrophages, and nitric oxide, a hallmark of M1 macrophages are engineered, in real-time. Specifically, an M2 nanoreporter enables the early imaging of the progression of breast cancer as predicted by selectively detecting M2 macrophages in tumors. The M1 nanoreporter enables real-time imaging of the subcutaneous inflammatory response that rises from a local lipopolysccharide (LPS) administration. Finally, the M1-M2 dual nanoreporter is evaluated in a muscle injury model, where an initial inflammatory response is monitored by imaging M1 macrophages at the site of inflammation, followed by a resolution phase monitored by the imaging of infiltrated M2 macrophages involved in matrix regeneration and wound healing. It is anticipated that this set of macrophage nanoreporters may be utilized for early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of inflammatory responses in various disease models.     

Cactus cladode polysaccharide as cryoprotectant in frozen Paneer (Indian Cottage Cheese)

The study investigated the optimisation of freezing conditions for Paneer (Indian cottage cheese) incorporated with cactus cladode polysaccharide as cryoprotectant. The freezing rate of both natural and commercial cryoprotectant‐containing samples varied significantly. The optimised (2% natural cryoprotectant) Paneer sample had about 44% moisture content, 14% protein, 16% carbohydrate and 22% fat. Freezing time of optimised Paneer sample packed in metalised polyester was 40 min. The study concluded that Paneer incorporated with 2% cactus cladode polysaccharide, packaged using metalised polyester and frozen with packaged immersion freezing method, had the least freezing time (40 min) and retained better texture during freezing.     

Wide‐bandwidth dielectric resonator antenna with omni‐directional radiation patterns for beam focusing properties in a circular array

Investigation results are presented for a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with a central airgap, which is excited using a coaxial probe connected to a wire monopole. By selecting the proper values of airgap and monopole heights, a desired impedance bandwidth (S₁₁ ≤ ?10 dB) from 40% to 67% can be achieved. The proposed DRA provides monopole like omni‐directional radiation patterns with low crosspolarization levels throughout the bandwidth. Prototype DRA was fabricated with equal heights of the airgap and monopole and experimentally verified for both the impedance matching and radiation performance. Simulated and measured bandwidths of 67% and 64%, respectively, were obtained with acceptable peak realized gain. The simulated and measured radiation patterns agree well. Furthermore, this DRA is investigated for beam focusing properties when implemented in a circular array consisting of four‐elements on a circular finite ground plane. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 24:92–101, 2014.     

Relationships between anodic polarisation and corrosion of steel in concrete

Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete is a topic of concern mainly because of the high cost of repair and rehabilitation of concrete structural elements. There is as yet no method of assessment that would enable the rapid and accurate prediction of the extent of corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete on site. Half cell potential techniques commonly used in situ give only probabilistic information on corrosion activity. Research effort is thus needed in both investigating and developing methods to assess more accurately the corrosion characteristics of steel in concrete with an ultimate view of site application. Long-term investigations on chloride induced corrosion of steel reinforcement have been conducted on a series of concrete slab specimens to establish relationships between electrochemical data and chloride induced corrosion of steel reinforcement. Potentiodynamic anodic polarisation procedures were used to monitor corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete slab specimens over a period of four years. A statistically significant relationship between the area under the corrosion current and time relationship and the weight loss of steel reinforcement was established. Assessments of corrosion rates of steel in the concretes studied were thus verified. Reinforcement corrosion was found to be localised under the high chloride conditions occurring mainly in an area adjacent to the chloride source.