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排序方式: 共有39条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Microbiological study of lactic acid bacteria in kefir grains by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in different original kefir grains were first assessed using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) by a culture-dependent way, and were further confirmed by DNA sequencing techniques. Results indicated that a combined method of cultivation with PCR-DGGE and subsequent DNA sequencing could successfully identify four LAB strains from three kefir grains from Taiwan (named Hsinchu, Mongolia and Ilan). Lactobacillus kefiri accounted, in the three kefir grains, for at least half of the isolated colonies while Lb. kefiranofaciens was the second most frequently isolated species. Leuconostoc mesenteroides was less frequently found but still in the three kefir grains conversely to Lactococcus lactis which based on culture-dependent isolation was only found in two of the kefir grains. It was interesting to find that all three kefir grains contain similar LAB species. Furthermore, the DGGE as a culture-independent method was also applied to detect the LAB strains. Results indicated that Lb. kefiranofaciens was found in all three kefir grains, whereas Lb. kefiri was only observed in Hsinchu kefir grain and Lc. lactis was found in both Mongolia and Ilan samples. Two additional strains, Pseudomonas spp. and E. coli, were also detected in kefir grains. 相似文献
2.
Design and nonlinear servo control of MEMS mirrors and their performance in a large port-count optical switch 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chu P.B. Brener I. Chuan Pu Shi-Sheng Lee Dadap J.I. Sangtae Park Bergman K. Bonadeo N.H. Chau T. Ming Chou Doran R.A. Gibson R. Harel R. Johnson J.J. Lee C.D. Peale D.R. Bo Tang Tong D.T.K. Ming-Ju Tsai Qi Wu Zhong W. Goldstein E.L. Lin L.Y. Walker J.A. 《Journal of microelectromechanical systems》2005,14(2):261-273
In this paper, we demonstrate full closed-loop control of electrostatically actuated double-gimbaled MEMS mirrors and use them in an optical cross-connect. We show switching times of less than 10 ms and optical power stability of better than 0.2 dB. The mirrors, made from 10-/spl mu/m-thick single-crystal silicon and with a radius of 400-450 /spl mu/m, are able to tilt to 8/spl deg/ corresponding to 80% of touchdown angle. This is achieved using a nonlinear closed-loop control algorithm, which also results in a maximum actuation voltage of 85 V, and a pointing accuracy of less than 150 /spl mu/rad. This paper will describe the MEMS mirror and actuator design, modeling, servo design, and measurement results. 相似文献
3.
Chi-Ming Lai Ming-Chin Ho Chien-Jung Chen Ming-Ju Tsai Ta-Hui Lin 《Fire Technology》2010,46(3):611-627
In this work, an actual office fire with a partially impaired automatic sprinkler system was investigated. As per regulations,
there were four sprinklers in this model office. In the research conducted here, the first three sprinklers were actuated
without water supply, while the last sprinkler was supplied with water at the required operating pressure for a period of
30 min. The fire source, a burning plastic trash can filled with 0.5 kg of paper, burned the adjacent chair, desk, desktop
computer, and then reached the interior wooden furniture. The results show that the single remaining sprinkler effectively
controlled the fire spread for 30 min. The partially impaired sprinkler system does not completely extinguish the fire, but
extends the available time for evacuation. Continuing the discharge from sprinklers is preferable since the heat release from
the fire increased after water flow was terminated. 相似文献
4.
Chi-ming Lai Hung-Chi Su Ming-Ju Tsai Chien-Jung Chen Chun-Ta Tzeng Ta-Hui Lin 《Building and Environment》2010
An experiment is conducted on a full-scale model office and an actual sprinkler system to explore the influence of fire source locations on sprinkler actuation. The office space is a brick structure that measures 5.7 m in interior length, 4.7 m in width and 2.4 m in ceiling height, and equipped with a sprinkler system. The investigated fire source (100 kW LPG burner) locations include the room center, wall centers, room corner, and other locations at different distances from sprinklers. The results show that actuation of the sprinklers is affected by the fire source locations and the heat conduction properties of the glass temperature-sensing bulb. Average actuation time of all the tests is 102 s, around 40 s faster than if the fire source is located in the room center. For fire sources in corners, sprinklers are quickly activated at the experimental time 75 s, showing concentrated hot gas flow. 相似文献
5.
Capacity and power control issues are considered for urban CDMA microcells that operate on channels characterized by log-normal shadowing and Nakagami fading. The effects of fading on the desired and interfering signals, variations in the shadow standard deviation, imperfect power control, and the requiredE
b
/N
o
for satisfactory link operation are investigated. It is shown that the reverse channel is relatively insensitive, and the forward channel very sensitive, to shadow and fading variations. Power control error is shown to significantly degrade reverse channel capacity. Twobiased forward channel power control strategies are introduced to enhance existing unbiasedbalancing forward channel power control algorithms.This research has been supported by BNR Inc. 相似文献
6.
7.
Ming-Ju Hsu 《通讯和计算机》2013,(5):620-631
The aims of the study were to understand the required skills for the digital publishing editors in a technology-driven publishing industry. The study used document analysis, literature analysis and expert interviews combined with the Delphi Technique to explore the required competences for digital publishing editors. The study adopted the functional analysis to establish the Competence Framework for digital publishing editors. The result of Delphi Technique questionnaire from a panel of selected experts in the five modalities ranged from 1 (not important at all) to 5 (very important) for the competences; For those with the mean value (,u) greater than 3.35, the competences were categorized into "must-have" (μ≥4.19) and "should-have" (3.35 ≤μ〈 4.19) groups. Fundamental Technology, Developing Digital Contents, Fundamental Knowledge, Commissioning-and-Acquisitions and Feedbacks were "must-have" competences; Design Digital Contents, Proofreading, Devices, Copy Editing, Substantive Editing, Project Management, Data Management, Promotions and Readers were "should-have" competences. This study results could provide some valuable references for the educators and learners of digital publishing related fields, help to assist with curriculum design and assessment, select and train students. It also can be used by the Digital Publishing Industry as standards in recruitment, training and evaluations of editors. 相似文献
8.
Chao Yi-Ping Kang Chung-Jan Chuang Hai-Hua Hsieh Ming-Ju Chang Yu-Che Kuo Terry B. J. Yang Cheryl C. H. Huang Chung-Guei Fang Tuan-Jen Li Hsueh-Yu Lee Li-Ang 《Virtual Reality》2023,27(2):637-650
Virtual Reality - Before caring for patients, video instruction is commonly used for undergraduate medical students, and 360° virtual reality (VR) videos have gained increasing interest in... 相似文献
9.
Kun-Nan Chen Ming-Ju Chen Je-Ruel Liu Chin-Wen Lin Hsin-Yi Chiu 《Journal of food science》2005,70(5):M260-M266
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to improve probiotic microencapsulation using prebiotics and modern optimization techniques to determine optimal processing conditions, performance, and survival rates. Prebiotics (fructooligosaccharides or isomaltooligosaccharides), growth promoter (peptide), and sodium algi-nate were incorporated as coating materials to microencapsulate 4 probiotics ( Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacto-bacillus casei, Bifidobacterium bifidum , and Bifidobacterium longum ). The proportion of the prebiotics, peptide, and sodium alginate was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to 1st construct a surface model, with sequential quadratic programming (SQP) subsequently adopted to optimize the model and evaluate the survival of microencapsulated probiotics under simulated gastric fluid test. Optimization results indicated that 1% sodium alginate mixed with 1% peptide and 3% fructooligosaccharides as coating materials would produce the highest survival in terms of probiotic count. The verification experiment yielded a result close to the predicted values, with no significant difference ( P > 0.05). The storage results also demonstrated that addition of prebiotics in the walls of probiotic microcapsules provided improved protection for the active organisms. These probiotic counts remained at 106 to 107 colony-forming units (CFU)/g for microcapsules stored for 1 mo and then treated in simulated gastric fluid test and bile salt test. 相似文献
10.
This study demonstrated that oral feeding of heat-inactivated Lactobacillus (L b.) kefiranofaciens M1 from kefir grains effectively inhibited immunoglobulin (Ig) E production in response to ovalbumin (OVA) in vivo. The pattern of cytokine production by splenocyte cells revealed that the levels of cytokines produced by T helper (Th) 1 cells increased, and those of cytokines produced by Th2 cells decreased in the heat-inactivated M1 feeding group. These findings indicated that Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens M1 in the kefir played an important role in antiallergic activities. By additional analysis using flow cytometry and microarray, the mechanism of suppression of IgE production by oral feeding of the heat-inactivated M1 probably occurs because of upregulation of the expression of Cd2, Stat4, and Ifnr leading to skewing the Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1 dominance, elevation of the CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (Treg) percentage, and reduction of activated CD19(+) B cells. Downregulation of complement system and components was also involved in suppression of IgE production. Practical Application: Kefir has long been considered good for health. Its health benefits include immunoregulatory effects. However, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the immunoregulatory effects induced by kefir lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Our data clearly demonstrated the antiallergic activity of kefir LAB, Lactobacillus (L b.) kefiranofaciens M1. By additional analysis using flow cytometry and microarray, the possible mechanism of suppression of IgE production by oral feeding of the heat-inactivated M1 was also elucidated. Our findings indicated that Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens M1 may have a great potential for utilization in functional food products. 相似文献