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Eswaran Subrahmanian Ira Monarch Suresh Konda Helen Granger Russ Milliken Arthur Westerberg Then-dim group 《Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)》2003,12(2):185-203
The primary hypothesis of this paper is thatinternal and external changes in design andmanufacturing organizations affect theviability of boundary objects (representations,drawings, models – virtual and physical) andrequire changes in the underlying distributedcognitive models. Internal and external factorsinclude new advances in technologies, insightsinto organizational processes, organizationalrestructuring and change of market focus. Ifthe above hypothesis is true, then there areconsequences for the methodologies of designingcomputational support systems for co-operativeengineering work. We provide evidence bydescribing three empirical studies ofengineering design we have performed in largeorganizations. We investigate how changingtechnologies disrupt the common grounds amonginterfaces and how this opens debate onthe role of boundary objects, especially in theproduct visualization and analysis arena. Wethen argue that changes in market forces andother factors leading to changes inorganizational structures often lead to erosionof common understanding of representations andprototypes, above all at the interfaces. Weconclude by making the case that everystructural and information flow change inengineering organizations is accompanied by thepotential deterioration of the common ground.This requires the synthesis of new commongrounds to accommodate the needs of newinterfaces. 相似文献
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D Keltner RC Young EA Heerey C Oemig ND Monarch 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,75(5):1231-1247
Following E. Goffman's (1967) face threat analysis of social interaction, it was hypothesized that the aggressive, playful content of teasing would vary according to social status and relational satisfaction, personality, role as teaser or target, and gender. These 4 hypotheses were tested in analyses of the teasing among fraternity members (Study 1) and romantic couples (Study 2). Consistent with a face threat analysis of teasing, low-status fraternity members and satisfied romantic partners teased in more prosocial ways, defined by reduced face threat and increased redressive action. Some findings indicate that disagreeable individuals teased in less prosocial ways, consistent with studies of bullying. Targets reported more negative emotion than teasers. Although female and male romantic partners teased each other in similar ways, women found being the target of teasing more aversive, consistent with previous speculation. 相似文献
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Suresh Konda Ira Monarch Philip Sargent Eswaran Subrahmanian 《Research in Engineering Design》1992,4(1):23-42
This paper presents a new unifying theme for design theory by emphasizing the importance of context. We arrive at our conclusions by examining and then criticizing the legitimacy of universal methods in design upon which the critical importance of context emerges. The collaborative aspects of design focuses attention on the conception of shared meaning. We introduce and elaborate the concept of shared memory as the embodiment both of context and of shared meaning. Using the concept of shared memory in vertical and horizontal forms, within and between disciplines, respectively, we both account for past observations of design in practice and recommend actions to improve design in the future. We examine several practical implications of the growing importance of shared memory in industrial firms and for design teams. We then consider and recommend specific research programs which will help designers capture and make better use of this critical resource. 相似文献
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Winograd Eugene; Goldstein Felicia C.; Monarch Elena S.; Peluso Jennifer P.; Goldman William P. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,13(1):41
The mere exposure effect was examined in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Twenty patients and 20 elderly controls judged the physical characteristics of faces. Implicit memory was tested later by presenting pairs of faces (old and new) and asking participants which faces they liked better. Patients and controls exhibited above chance preference for previously exposed faces. Experiment 2 evaluated whether the preserved implicit memory of patients was mediated by explicit memory. Patients and controls again judged faces but then later chose which faces they had seen before. Patients exhibited impaired recognition memory compared to controls. These findings suggest that a mere exposure affect for unfamiliar faces is present in mild to moderate AD. The results are discussed in terms of perceptual and conceptual priming and relatively spared occipital lobe functioning in early AD. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Hamann Stephan B.; Monarch Elena S.; Goldstein Felicia C. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2000,14(1):82
Emotional arousal is associated with enhanced memory in neurologically intact individuals, but it is unknown whether this effect is obtained in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current study compared emotional memory and emotional reactions in patients with early AD and in older controls. Participants viewed emotionally arousing (both pleasant and unpleasant) and neutral photographs while cognitive and electrophysiological reactions were assessed. Memory was tested by free recall and recognition. Emotional reactions were normal in the AD group, but the emotional memory effect (enhanced memory for emotional vs. neutral stimuli) was impaired. Recall results indicated that this effect was normal for pleasant stimuli but abnormal for unpleasant stimuli. These results suggest that the neural basis for the emotional memory effect may be disrupted in AD. Findings are discussed in terms of the role of the amygdala in mediating emotional memory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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J. M. Paesey K. Kyler W. Cronin P. Mobley B. L. Scrivner S. Valocchi L. Sue J. Mohr K. Monarch B. Keller L. -P. Lai 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1996,25(11):1715-1724
Solder-based die-attach processes used to affix GaAs devices to heat spreading carriers were investigated. The microstructures
of the solder materials were assessed, with a focus on void formation, and the response of the solder and backsurface metallization
and carrier plating to the temperature cycles of die attachment and reflow processes. Voided regions were found in all solder
joints, with a dramatic sensitivity to temperature cycles. Gold-tin alloy phases were found to dominate the microstructure
of the solder for all configurations evaluated. The total thermal budget was a critical issue in the formation and transformation
of various phases, as expected for low melting point alloys. NiVAu and TiPtAu backmetal systems were investigated to determine
their suitability for die attachment. 相似文献
7.
Cooper Stewart E.; Monarch Natalie; Serviss Scott T.; Gordick Diane; Leonard H. Skipton 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,59(1):1
This article presents the background and key recommendations of the 2003 Professional Preparation and Continuing Education for Beginning, Entry, Midlevel, and Senior Consulting Psychologists Report approved by the executive board of the Society. Brief reactions to the recommendations within the report from four consulting psychologists, each at a differing level of professional development corresponding to the levels used in the recommendations and each involved on the task force are involved. A final section of the article provides a response to the four reaction pieces. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Donna Gates Dawn Haberlach Todd Kaufmann Marion Kee Rita McCardell Teruko Mitamura Ira Monarch Stephen Morrisson Sergei Nirenburg Eric Nyberg rd Koichi Takeda Margalit Zabludowski 《Machine Translation》1989,4(1):67-112
The three lexicons used by KBMT-89 are described: A concept lexicon constitutes the sublanguage domain model for specifying semantic information; it is maintained by Ontos, a knowledge-acquisition and maintenance system. An analysis lexicon is a dictionary containing syntactic information and mapping rules required for semantic parsing. And a generation lexicon, similar to the analysis lexicon, is employed in the generation phase. 相似文献
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Minghui Huang Anita Vincent Johnson Negiin Pourafshar Rakesh Malhotra Jason Yang Monarch Shah Rasheed Balogun Tushar Chopra 《Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis》2023,27(3):204-211
In end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), patient engagement and empowerment are associated with improved survival and complications. However, patients lack education and confidence to participate in self-care. The development of in center self-care hemodialysis can enable motivated patients to allocate autonomy, increase satisfaction and engagement, reduce human resource intensiveness, and cultivate a curiosity about home dialysis. In this review, we emphasize the role of education to overcome barriers to home dialysis, strategies of improving home dialysis utilization in the COVID 19 era, the significance of in-center self-care dialysis (e.g., cost containment and empowering patients), and implementation of an in-center self-care dialysis as a bridge to home hemodialysis (HHD). 相似文献
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