GEOGRAPHICAL SCALE OF TOLERANCE IN THE URBAN AREA

The paper examines attitudes of mutual tolerance as expressed by the Jewish majority and the Arab minority in Jaffa, a mixed residential area in the city of Tel Aviv. More specifically, it focuses on the willingness of members of each group to share residential locations at different geographical scales (such as: the same housing unit, street, neighborhood, or the city as a whole). The survey's findings indicate, as expected, that Arabs and Jews alike tend to be more tolerant in this respect as the geographical scale increases and when actually residing in mixed neighborhoods, in comparison to those living in ethnically homogeneous residential areas. At the same time, it became evident that residents expressing intolerance are more sensitive to geographical scale when compared to residents expressing greater tolerance. Furthermore, sensitivity to scale was found to be more intense among the Jewish majority population, particularly among residents of homogeneous neighborhoods. We interpret those patterns of tolerance across geographical scale as expressing people's desire to control their daily encounters with the Other through practices of avoidance while simultaneously tending to preserve intergroup contacts for their functional benefits and social rewards.     

Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Ni_5Al_(10)大块金属玻璃的等时和等温晶化(英文)

采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10大块金属玻璃的非等温晶化转变动力学和在过冷液相区的等温晶化动力学行为。在非等温过程中,采用不同方法(Kissinger,Flynn-Wall-Ozawa和Augis-Bennett)得到的Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10大块金属玻璃平均激活能彼此之间吻合很好。此外,采用Johnson-Mehl-Avrami(JMA)模型描述Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10大块金属玻璃的等温转变动力学。研究结果表明:Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10大块金属玻璃的Avrami指数n介于2.2和2.9之间,表明其晶化机制主要是扩散控制过程。在等温晶化的过程中,晶核长大主要是三维的长程有序扩散控制的过程,平均激活能为469kJ/mol。     

Corrosion of a Silica-Bearing Ceramic in Sulfur-Oxygen Atmospheres

Experimental observations and thermodynamic calculations are described which show that formation of SiS vapor from SiO₂ in a high-sulfur, low-oxygen atmosphere is a viable corrosion mechanism. This mechanism will become more important than the well-known decomposition of SiO₂ to SiO in those sulfur-bearing atmospheres where the oxygen activity is close to the Si/SiO₂ phase boundary on a volatility diagram.     

透视主义之外的建筑再现

导读 阿尔伯托·佩雷兹-戈麦兹（Alberto Perez Gomez）教授及其夫人耗近10年的精力于1997年完成了巨著,建筑再现与透视铰链（Architecturo／Repmsentation and the Perspective Hinge）》，话题深入于建筑图像与再现（representation），特别是从建筑内部讨论关于17～20世纪的透视图的历史和理论，终极目的在于探索建筑再现作为诗意的翻译而非平凡的抄写。     

Scheduling jobs on unrelated parallel machines to minimize regular total cost functions

In this paper we consider unrelated parallel machine scheduling problems that involve the minimization of regular total cost functions. We first present some properties of optimal solutions and then provide a lower bound. These mechanisms are tested on the well-known practical problem of minimizing total weighted flow time on unrelated parallel machines. In doing so, we design a branch and bound algorithm incorporating the mechanisms derived for the general total cost function along with the ones derived specifically for the total weighted flow time criterion. Computational experience indicates that incoiporating reduction and bounding mechanisms significantly improves the performance of the branch and bound algorithm.     

Mechanics Model to Determine Swelling Potential of Expansive Soils

The factors influencing on soil expansion are reviewed in the paper. A mechanics model to determine swelling potential of expansive soils is presented. The mechanics model is based on the softening of expansivesoil following absorption of water. The constitutive relationships of the mechanics model include the relationshipamong swelling under free load, swelling under load, and vertical pressure, and the relationship of swelling under free loading and swellingpressure. A concept of additional compression modulus is introduced and the method determining the modulus is proposed. Finally, the predicted results of swelling potential using the mechanics model compare well with the measured data.