Optimization methods in inverse problems and applications to science and engineering

Optimization and Engineering -     

Long-term energy scenarios for Mexico: Policy options for carbon savings and main barriers

This paper shows that possibilities exist for maintaining current energy-related carbon emissions per capita in Mexico at almost constant levels in the long term. It is argued, however, that the identified carbon emissions reductions will not be achieved easily or rapidly, as they require a restructuring of Mexico's current technological base and an unusual degree of coordination among the government, lending institutions, equipment manufacturers, and final users. Such changes also will entail surmounting major institutional and financial barriers and creating a better international environment for technology transfer and capital lending.     

Relation between the cavity detuning and the output opticalintensity in free-electron lasers

The authors use a simple model of saturation in free-electron lasers operating with pulsed beams to study the intensity growth as a function of the cavity mismatch and of the coupling parameter. In spite of the simplicity of the model, the dependence of the intracavity power, as a function of the cavity detuning, is reproduced remarkably well. It is also pointed out that an enhancement of the optical power is obtained by adjusting the cavity length while the optical signal grows. The problem is analyzed qualitatively and realization schemes are proposed     

The accuracy of the computation of optical flow and of the recoveryof motion parameters

The accuracy and the dependence on parameters of a general scheme for the analysis of time-varying image sequences are discussed. The approach is able to produce vector fields from which it is possible to recover 3-D motion parameters such as time-to-collision and angular velocity. The numerical stability of the computed optical flow and the dependence of the recovery of 3-D motion parameters on spatial and temporal filtering is investigated. By considering optical flows computed on subsampled images or along single scanlines, it is also possible to recover 3-D motion parameters from reduced optical flows. An adequate estimate of time-to-collision can be obtained from sequences of images with spatial resolution reduced to 128×128 pixels or from sequences of single scanlines passing near the focus of expansion. The use of Kalman filtering increases the accuracy and the robustness of the estimation of motion parameters. The proposed approach seems to be able to provide not only a theoretical background but also practical tools that are adequate for the analysis of time-varying image sequences     

A logic of argumentation for specification and verification of abstract argumentation frameworks

In this paper, we propose a logic of argumentation for the specification and verification (LA4SV) of requirements on Dung??s abstract argumentation frameworks. We distinguish three kinds of decision problems for argumentation verification, called extension verification, framework verification, and specification verification respectively. For example, given a political requirement like ??if the argument to increase taxes is accepted, then the argument to increase services must be accepted too,?? we can either verify an extension of acceptable arguments, or all extensions of an argumentation framework, or all extensions of all argumentation frameworks satisfying a framework specification. We introduce the logic of argumentation verification to specify such requirements, and we represent the three verification problems of argumentation as model checking and theorem proving properties of the logic. Moreover, we recast the logic of argumentation verification in a modal framework, in order to express multiple extensions, and properties like transitivity and reflexivity of the attack relation. Finally, we introduce a logic of meta-argumentation where abstract argumentation is used to reason about abstract argumentation itself. We define the logic of meta-argumentation using the fibring methodology in such a way to represent attack relations not only among arguments but also among attacks. We show how to use this logic to verify the requirements of argumentation frameworks where higher-order attacks are allowed [A preliminary version of the logic of argumentation compliance was called the logic of abstract argumentation?(2005).]     

Continuity properties of solution concepts for cooperative games

Summary A survey is given of known continuity properties of solution concepts for cooperative games. Further continuity properties are derived for the bargaining set, the kernel, the equal division core, the least core, the least tax core, the-value and also for the core of non sidepayment games.

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Zusammenfassung Die Arbeit gibt einen Überblick übebekannte Kontinuitätseigenschaften von Lösungsansätzen für kooperative Spiele. Weiter Kontinuitätseigenschaften werden abgeleitet für die Aushandlungsmenge, den Kernel, den Kern gleicher Aufteilungen, den kleinsten Kern, den kleinsten tax-Kern, den-Wert und den Kern von Spielen ohne Seitenzahlungen.