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排序方式: 共有58条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Jean‐Marc Aldric Philippe Thonart 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(10):1401-1408
BACKGROUND: In the framework of biological processes used for waste gas treatment, the impact of the inoculum size on the start‐up performance needs to be better evaluated. Moreover, only a few studies have investigated the behaviour of elimination capacity and biomass viability in a two‐phase partitioning bioreactor (TPPB) used for waste gas treatment. Lastly, the impact of ethanol as a co‐substrate remains misunderstood. RESULTS: Firstly, no benefit of inoculation with a high cellular density (>1.5 g L?1) was observed in terms of start‐up performance. Secondly, the TPPB was monitored for 38 days to characterise its behaviour under several operational conditions. The removal efficiency remained above 63% for an inlet concentration of 7 g isopropylbenzene (IPB) m?3 and at some time points reached 92% during an intermittent loading phase (10 h day?1), corresponding to a mean elimination capacity of 4 × 10?3 g L?1 min?1 (240 g m?3 h?1) for a mean IPB inlet load of 6.19 × 10?3 g L?1 min?1 (390 g m?3 h?1). Under continuous IPB loading, the performance of the TPPB declined, but the period of biomass acclimatisation to this operational condition was shorter than 5 days. The biomass grew to approximately 10 g L?1 but the cellular viability changed greatly during the experiment, suggesting an endorespiration phenomenon in the bioreactor. It was also shown that simultaneous degradation of IPB and ethanol occurred, suggesting that ethanol improves the biodegradation process without causing oxygen depletion. CONCLUSION: A water/silicone oil TPPB with ethanol as co‐substrate allowed the removal of a high inlet load of IPB during an experiment lasting 38 days. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
2.
F. Delvigne A. Lejeune J. Destain P. Thonart 《Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996)》2006,120(3):157-167
A methodology based on stochastic modelling is presented to describe the influence of the bioreactor heterogeneity on the microorganisms growth and physiology. The stochastic model is composed of two sub-models: a microorganism circulation sub-model and a fluid mixing sub-model used for the characterization of the concentration gradient. The first one is expressed by a classical stochastic model (with random number generation), whereas the second one is expressed by a stochastic Markov chain. Their superimposition permits to obtain the concentration profiles experienced by the microorganisms in the bioreactor. The simulation results are expressed in the form of frequency distributions. At first, the study has been focused on the design of scale-down reactors (SDR). This kind of reactor has been reported to be an efficient tool to study at a small-scale the hydrodynamic behaviour encountered in large-scale reactor [P. Neubauer, L. Horvat, S.O. Enfors, Influence of substrate oscillations on acetate formation and growth yield in Escherichia coli glucose limited fed-batch cultivations, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 47 (1995) 139–146]. Several parameters affecting the shape of the frequency distributions have been tested. Among these, it appears that the perturbation frequency, the exposure time and the design of the non-mixed part of the SDR have a significant influence on the shape of the distributions. The respective influence of all these parameters must be taken into account in order to obtain representative results. As a general trend, the increase of the recirculation flow rate between the mixed and the non-mixed part of the SDR induce a shift of the frequency distribution for the lower relative concentrations, which suggests an attenuation of the scale-down effect. This has been validated by using the SDR in the case of the cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the influence of the non-mixed part of the SDR is not quite well understood if only taking account of the frequency distribution analysis, and supplementary experiments are required to elucidate the underlying mechanism.
The aspect of the frequency distributions suggests that both the design and the operating conditions of a scale-down reactor need to be adjusted in order to match the behaviour of a given large-scale reactor. Examples of frequency distributions obtained in the case of large-scale reactors are given. 相似文献
3.
Alexandre Benoit Laurent Bonnaud Alice Caplier Phillipe Ngo Lionel Lawson Daniela G. Trevisan Vjekoslav Levacic Céline Mancas Guillaume Chanel 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2009,13(1):33-41
This paper presents a driver simulator, which takes into account the information about the user’s state of mind (level of
attention, fatigue state, stress state). The user’s state of mind analysis is based on video data and biological signals.
Facial movements such as eyes blinking, yawning, head rotations, etc., are detected on video data: they are used in order
to evaluate the fatigue and the attention level of the driver. The user’s electrocardiogram and galvanic skin response are
recorded and analyzed in order to evaluate the stress level of the driver. A driver simulator software is modified so that
the system is able to appropriately react to these critical situations of fatigue and stress: some audio and visual messages
are sent to the driver, wheel vibrations are generated and the driver is supposed to react to the alert messages. A multi-threaded
system is proposed to support multi-messages sent by the different modalities. Strategies for data fusion and fission are
also provided. Some of these components are integrated within the first prototype of OpenInterface: the multimodal similar
platform. 相似文献
4.
Bahoumina Prince Hallil Hamida Lachaud Jean-Luc Rebière Dominique Dejous Corinne Abdelghani Aymen Frigui Kamel Bila Stephane Baillargeat Dominique Zhang Qing Coquet Phillipe Paragua Carlos Pichonat Emmanuelle Happy Henri 《Microsystem Technologies》2022,28(6):1365-1378
Microsystem Technologies - This study presents the results on the feasibility of a resonant planar chemical capacitive sensor in the microwave frequency range suitable for gas detection and... 相似文献
5.
Serge Hiligsmann Laurent BeckersJulien Masset Christopher HamiltonPhilippe Thonart 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014
A horizontal tubular fixed bed bioreactor (HFBR) and an anaerobic biodisc-like reactor (AnBDR) were designed to both fix Clostridium biomass and enable rapid transfer of the hydrogen produced to gas phase in order to decrease the strong effect of H2 partial pressure and H2 supersaturation on the performances of Clostridium strains. The highest H2 production rate (703 mL H2/L h) and yield (302 mL/g glucose consumed i.e. 2.4 mol/mol) with the pure culture were recorded in the AnBDR with 300 mL culture medium (total volume 2.3 L) at pH 5.2 and a glucose loading rate of 2.87 g/L h. These results are about 2.3 and 1.3-fold higher than those achieved in the same bioreactor with 500 mL liquid medium and with the same glucose consumption rate. Therefore, our experimentations and a short review of the literature reported in this paper emphasize the relevance of performing bioreactors with high L/G transfer. 相似文献
6.
Vinodh A. Edward Melanie Huch Carine Dortu Philippe Thonart Moutairou Egounlety Petrus J. Van Zyl Suren Singh Wilhelm H. Holzapfel Charles M.A.P. Franz 《Food Control》2011,22(3-4):389-395
Based on their predominance in Gari fermentations, as well as suitable technological properties, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Weissella paramesenteroides and Leuconostoc mesenteroides strains were investigated for their suitability for development as starter strains for this African traditional fermented cassava product. The strains were grown in optimized growth media in 2 L fermenters, harvested and freeze dried, and then tested in lab-scale cassava mash fermentation trials for their ability to ferment the cassava. The strains performed well and rapidly increased the titratable acidity from 1.1 to 1.3% at 24 h to 1.3–1.6% at 48 h. The benefit of including starter cultures was that it lowered the pH of the product much faster and to lower levels than in the uninoculated control fermentation. The results furthermore indicated that especially the L. plantarum-group strains could be produced as starter strains at low cost. Overall, the results of this study showed that starter strains could be easily and economically produced, and thus represent a feasible possibility for further development for application in the field. 相似文献
7.
A strategic analysis of the electricity market in Western Australia yields a market potential for renewable energy in Western Australia. However, from a purely financial viewpoint the installation of grid-connected pv-systems still is not economically viable. In this paper a balanced scorecard (BSC) is developed to capture and visualize other than financial benefits. Therefore, the BSC can be used as a marketing tool to communicate the benefits of a privately owned GCPV system to potential customers. 相似文献
8.
Hakim Ghalfi Noreddine Benkerroum Marc Ongena Maryam Bensaid Philippe Thonart 《Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)》2010,43(1):33-39
Three novel bioactive peptides (BAP1–3) from Lactobacillus curvatus CWBI-B28 were isolated and purified using de Man, Rogosa and Sharp (MRS) broth by a three-step protein purification protocol including ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydrophobic C18 Sep-Pak column and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). This procedure allowed the recovery of chromatographically pure antimicrobial peptides with the yields of 19%, 10% and 15% of BAP1, BAP2 and BAP3, respectively. The respective apparent molecular masses as determined by tricine-SDS-polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis were 6365, 3426 and 3496. N-terminal amino acid sequencing of the BAPs and comparison of their sequences with those of international data bases indicated that BAP1 is more likely to be a casein-derived bioactive protein produced upon hydrolysis of the tryptone present in MRS broth by Lb. curvatus CWBI-B28 during active growth. However, the identity of BAP2 and BAP3 could not be determined with certainty; yet, they would be novel bacteriocins not fitting in any of the known classes of bacteriocins. Therefore, this strain would have the ability to produce intrinsic antimicrobial substances and also release bioprotective peptides from milk-proteins upon cultivation in milk or casein-containing food products due to its proteolytic activity. Thus, Lb. curratus CWBI-B28 possesses a good potential to be used in food preservation and safety. 相似文献
9.
M Moussa?f P Jacques P Schaarw?chter H Budzikiewicz P Thonart 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,63(5):1739-1743
A strain of Acremonium luzulae (Fuckel) W. Gams was selected in screening new microorganisms for biological control of fruit postharvest diseases, especially gray and blue mold diseases on apples and strawberries. This strain manifests a very strong activity against a large number of phytopathogenic fungi. In this work, the product responsible for this antifungal activity was isolated from modified Sabouraud dextrose broth cultures of A. luzulae. It was purified to homogeneity by reverse-phase column chromatography. On the basis of UV, infrared, and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, mass spectral analysis, and the amino acid composition of the acid hydrolysates, the antibiotic was determined to be cyclosporin C. Cyclosporin C showed a broad-spectrum activity against filamentous phytopathogenic fungi but no activity against bacteria or yeasts. Its antifungal activity is only fungistatic. In contrast to Tolypocladium inflatum, another cyclosporin-producing strain, A. luzulae, did not produce additional cyclosporins. This was confirmed by in vivo-directed biosynthesis. 相似文献
10.
Jean‐Marc Aldric Sébastien Gillet Frank Delvigne Christophe Blecker Frédéric Lebeau Jean‐Paul Wathelet Geralda Manigat Philippe Thonart 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2009,84(9):1274-1283
BACKGROUND: The two‐phase partitioning bioreactor (TPPB) has become a new strategy for waste gas treatment. However, the impact of biomass and surfactants on gas/liquid (G/L) mass transfer needs to be better evaluated because the effects on the mass transfer coefficient KL and the interfacial area a, respectively, remains misunderstood. RESULTS: This study showed that, first, the surfactant extract produced by Rhodococcus erythropolis reduced the surface hydrophobicity of the biomass. Secondly, an optimal concentration appeared to exist for both components, respectively 0.5 g L?1 and 0.7 g L?1 for biomass (B) and surfactant extract (SE) when the global mass transfer coefficient (KLa) of oxygen was measured in a silicone oil/water TPPB. However, the combination of B and SE was found to induce a negative synergism. In particular, SE improved the interfacial area a by increasing the bubble diameter, while B reduced it as soon as a concentration of 1 g L?1 was exceeded. In contrast, the SE acted negatively on the KL, while B improved it overall. CONCLUSION: Better consideration is needed of the effect of biotic components in order to understand the phenomenon of G/L mass transfer in a TPPB. The behaviour of biomass growth and surfactants may strongly influence the mathematical models proposed in the literature. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献