Differential deposition of emollients from tripartite formulation systems

To date, emollients are included in skin care formulations although not much is known about their adsorption/deposition properties and/or the interactions of the constituents within these multi‐component systems. The modulation of the adsorption/deposition via the use of specific surfactant and/or emollient systems could therefore help to increase performance and sensorial benefits as well as to reduce adverse effects. In this study, the effects of various tripartite systems consisting of sodium laureth sulphate (SLES), a co‐surfactant and an emollient were studied. The two different emollients tested adsorbed with varying amounts although the same surfactant/co‐surfactant system was used. Interestingly, the deposition of both SLES and/or the emollient is also substantially influenced by the emollient component itself as well as by the co‐surfactant used. Sensory assessments showed that although SLES has a negative effect on the skin feel, adsorbed emollients improve skin softness and smoothness. These results show that optimization of performance is possible when using a co‐surfactant best suited for the emollient.     

Aging Precipitation Characteristics of Lead Frame Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg Alloy

This paper presents the effects of aging processes on the properties and microstructure of Cu-0.3Cr-0.15Zr-0.05Mg lead frame alloy. Optimal conditions for good hardening and electrical conductivity can be obtained by solution treating at 920℃ for lh and aging at 470℃ for 4h and at 550℃ for lh. The hardness and electrical conductivity can reach 108HV, 73%IACS and 106HV, 76%IACS, respectively. Aging precipitation was dealt with by transmission electronic microscope (TEM). At 470℃ aging for 4h the fine precipitation of an ordered compound CrCu2(Zr, Mg) is found in matrix as well as fine Cr and CuaZr. Aging at 550“C for lh some precipitates are still coherent with matrix. The CrCu2(Zr, Mg) completely dissolves into Cr and Cu4Zr.     

SG对薄壁蠕墨铸铁件蠕化范围的影响

为了获得良好的薄壁蠕铁件,采用光学显微镜和计算机对ReMg,SG+ReMg处理的Fe-C-Si合金薄壁试样进行观察和分析,结果表明,SG+ReMg是薄壁蠕铁的良好的蠕化剂。     

一种小直径乳化炸药连续装药机的研制

文中介绍了适应连续化生产的小直径乳化装药机的研制情况。通过合理设计,成功解决了Φ27mm小直径乳化药卷的自动化装药过程中存在的一些问题,并且通过药卷爆炸性能测试验证了小直径装药机设计的合理性。     

泡盖式蒸馏塔的效率

<正>蒸馏塔的分离效率是评价这个塔好坏的指标之一。到目前为止已经有很多作者来探讨了影响蒸馏塔分离效率的若干因素并从而建立了估计分离效率的经验或半经验公式。所谓分离效率就是来衡量一个蒸馏塔实际的分离情况与理想的分离情况（每块塔板上达到平衡）间相差的程度。在一般文献上所载的分离效率通常有下列三种定义:     

灌注桩施工机械实时监控系统的发展现状

施工中，由于深层土的复杂性，给灌注桩施工带来了很大的困难，因此需研制开发本文介绍的钻孔机的实时监控系统。该系统可针对施工情况适当调整机械的动力参数，并将施工实时监控的数据等进行记录，为改进桩基础的施工技术和管理方法，设计先进高效的灌注桩施工机械提供第一手资料。     

半工业型连续排矿球磨机中滞留量的研究——由于操作变量变化引起的动态变化

过去对球磨机滞留量的实验研究 ,是使用同位素指示器及停留时间分布分析 (RTD) ,在研究中 ,球磨机内的所有介质在实验后被称重 ,由于固定的实验设置 ,或者是在工业闭路磨机中通过RTD方法测量滞留量的难度 ,结果在滞留量测量和磨机给矿之间的相关关系不一致。在本实验中 ,仔细制定的半工业实验结果使磨机滞留量的测量能够在磨机运行中实时进行 ,因而 ,可得到极其准确的滞留量数据和瞬时滞留量数据。根据这些数据建立起滞留量作为操作条件的函数的正确趋势。本文对观察到的趋势的解释有助于说明以前发表的数据的异常情况。     

热诱导倒相法硅掺杂PMP泡沫的研制

研究了核聚变靶材硅(Si)掺杂聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯(PMP)泡沫热诱导倒相法的制备工艺及影响泡沫材料结构与性能的主要因素.确定了均四甲苯/萘(质量比约为60∶40)为适宜的二元溶剂体系及体系各组分配比与产品泡沫密度关系的工作曲线.热重-差热分析结果表明:掺硅PMP泡沫的热稳定性与密度间存在明显的依赖关系,随着PMP泡沫密度降低,材料的起始裂解温度升高,裂解焓减少.经实验研究,首次用热诱导倒相法成功制得了密度为5～80 mg/cm-3、含硅量ω(Si)≤1%、孔径1～20 μm的硅掺杂PMP泡沫材料.     

Influence of Soil–Multiple Contaminant Retention Parameters on Contaminant Fate Prediction

Determination of contaminant interaction with soil is essential for predicting its fate in geoenvironments. Several studies have appraised contaminant fate prediction based on the results of single contaminant-soil interaction. Although a few studies deal with multiple contaminant-soil interaction, its influence on contaminant fate prediction is not discussed in detail. Therefore, the present study will investigate the influence of multiple contaminant-soil interaction results about contaminant fate prediction. The influence of different ranges of contaminant concentration on fate prediction has also been studied. Results indicate that contaminant fate prediction based on multiple contaminant-soil interaction is higher than single contaminant interaction. Contaminant fate prediction based on linear isotherms is influenced by the range of concentration for single and multiple contaminants. For a lower range of concentration, contaminant fate prediction based on the Freundlich isotherm is greater than that of Langmuir, and vice versa for higher concentration ranges. Furthermore, the difference in contaminant fate prediction based on Freundlich and Langmuir nonlinear isotherms decreases with an increase in concentration.