伊通河城区段底栖动物完整性对水质的响应时滞

基于2015年和2019—2021年伊通河长春市城区段底栖动物调查及水质监测数据,建立底栖动物完整性指数（benthic-index of biotic integrity, B-IBI）评价体系,对伊通河城区段水生态健康状况进行评价,并在此基础上确定影响B-IBI的关键水质指标及两者间的响应时滞。结果表明：伊通河城区段底栖动物种类数在月际间无显著差异性（P>0.05）,但在年际间差异显著（P<0.05）,种类数先减少后增加,主要类群由耐污种向清洁种转变;2015—2021年,伊通河城区段B-IBI年均值波动上升,河流健康整体呈逐渐好转趋势,且上游河段健康状况优于下游;各项水质指标中,总磷对伊通河城区段B-IBI值及其核心指标有显著性影响,且底栖动物对总磷质量浓度变化的响应在时间上存在滞后性,滞后时间为9个月左右（r=-0.88）。研究可为城市河流健康评价和治理管理提供科学依据。     

毛细管电泳法对乳及乳制品中乳源蛋白的测定

采用毛细管电泳方法对乳及乳制品中乳源蛋白成分进行检测.选择聚乙烯醇涂层毛细管,采用柠檬酸缓冲体系,在紫外检测214 nm、分离电压20 kV条件下对乳及乳制品中的α-乳白蛋白(α-La)、β-乳球蛋白(β3-Lg)、α-酪蛋白(α-CN)、β-酪蛋白(β-N)和k-酪蛋白(k-N)进行分离测定.五种蛋白线性良好,线性相关系数均大于0.997 8,各蛋白峰面积的相对标准偏差为1.76％～3.28％,加标回收率范围为88.1％～110.8％.应用该方法对液态奶、酸奶及奶粉中的乳源蛋白进行测定.本法准确、简便、易行,适于测定液态奶、酸奶、奶粉中蛋白质的检测.     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法同时测定牛舌草提取液中的5种单糖

目的 建立同时测定牛舌草中5种水溶性糖(鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、果糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖)的液相色谱-蒸发光散射分析方法。方法 各单糖组分经GRACE Prevail ES糖分析柱分离并与蒸发光散射检测器(evaporative light scattering detector, ELSD)联用, 采用V(乙腈): V(水)=72: 28作为流动相, 流速为1.0 mL/min, 蒸发光散射检测器漂移管温度为80 ℃, 空气作为载气, 流速为2.0 L/min。结果 各单糖的峰面积标准曲线在0.2000~6.400 μg范围内均具有良好的线性关系, 相关系数在0.999以上, 加样回收率在97.94%~103.3%之间; 相对标准偏差在1.15%~3.08%之间; 所建立的方法对5种糖的检测限分别为60.00、100.0、100.0、60.00、80.00 ng。结论 本方法灵敏、准确, 可用于牛舌草中水溶性糖含量的质量控制与分析。     

沙枣种子总酚的提取及纯化

目的：研究沙枣种子总酚的提取及纯化工艺。方法：采用单因素试验和L9(34)正交试验法,筛选最佳提取工艺,并考察大孔吸附树脂法和离子沉淀法对总酚粗取物的纯化工艺。结果：沙枣种子总酚的最佳制备工艺为：样品加30 倍量40% 甲醇溶液回流提取3 次,每次1h,减压浓缩,得总酚粗提物。粗提物上AB-8 大孔吸附树脂柱,用水洗至流出液无糖后,再用2 倍柱体积的40% 乙醇洗脱,收集流份,浓缩干燥即得。结论：该制备工艺提取纯化沙枣总酚效果较好,工艺的重复性和稳定性好,制备的3 批提取物中总酚平均含量为52.17%。     

新疆沙枣果实不同部位总酚的含量测定

以没食子酸为对照品,采用Folin-Ciocalteu 比色法测定新疆不同产地沙枣果肉及种子中总酚含量。没食子酸在2～12μg/mL 范围内与吸光度呈良好线性关系(r = 0.9991),平均回收率为98.80%,RSD 为1.81%。7 个产地沙枣种子中的总酚含量均明显高于果肉,种子总酚含量/ 果肉总酚含量约为3～5 倍。实验方法简便、快速、准确,可用于沙枣果实的质量控制。     

NEIGHBORHOOD RESPONSES TO STIGMATIZED URBAN FACILITIES

ABSTRACT: A comparative analysis in urban Phoenix, Arizona, was made between a middle class host neighborhood surrounding a private mental hospital and a similar neighborhood not hosting such a facility. Attitudes toward nine other urban facilities generally located in or near neighborhoods were assessed. The host neighborhood with a mental hospital demonstrated greater tolerance for such a facility, but within the host neighborhood, there was greater rejection of the facility the closer the housing to the facility. The increased resistance appeared to center on practical problems such as traffic congestion and noise levels rather than on stigmatized views of patients. The findings lead to a number of policy implications relating to the successful siting of generally stigmatized urban facilities.     

Aldose reductase inhibitory constituents of the root of Salvia miltiorhiza Bunge

The constituents of the MeOH extract of Salvia miltiorhiza BUNGE, which showed strong aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activity, were examined, and two new abietane-type diterpenoids, danshenol A (1) and danshenol B (2), were isolated together with six known ones: dihydrotanshimme I (3), cryptotanshinone (4), tanshinone I (5), tanshinone IIA (6), (-)-danshexinkun A (7), and sugiol (8). Among them, 4, 5, and 8 were weak AR inhibitors with IC50 from 4.80 to > 10.0 microM, while 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7 were strong inhibitors (IC50 from 0.10 to 1.75 microM). Danshenol A (1), the strongest inhibitor, had IC50 of 0.10 microM which is comparable to that of epalrestat in clinical use. Moreover, from a consideration of IC50, and yield of each compound, it was concluded that tanshinone IIA (6) is the major active constituent of the MeOH extract and danshenol A (I) and (-)danshexinkun A(7) are the minor ones.