Distributed optimal energy consumption control of HEVs under MFG-based speed consensus

This paper investigates a distributed optimal energy consumption control strategy under mean-field game based speed consensus. Large scale vehicles in a traffic flow is targeted instead of individual vehicles, and it is assumed that the propulsion power of vehicles is hybrid electric powertrain. The control scheme is designed in the following two stages. In the first stage, in order to achieve speed consensus, the acceleration control law is designed by applying the MFG (mean-field game) theory. In the second stage, optimal powertrain control for minimizing energy consumption is obtained through coordinate the engine and the motor under the acceleration constraint. The simulation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.     

THE CATEGORY THEORY OF TIME SYSTEMS

In this paper we show a categorical treatment of general time systems using the categorization method presented in our previous paper. Various concepts about general time systems are categorized in the unified framework. Some category theoretical tools for the investigation of such time systems are presented. Using those tools some basic properties of time systems are explored in our framework. In particular, a conceptual equivalence between the causality and the state space representability is proved in the categorical terms. These results show that our method can be a universal tool for a categorization and a categorical treatment of mathematically defined general systems.     

AVERAGE SPECIFIC CAKE RESISTANCE DETERMINED IN the PRESENCE of SEDIMENTATION to FILTRATION of STARCH SLURRY UNDER CONSTANT PRESSURE

An equation for predicting filtration flow rates in the presence of sedimentation at constant pressure drop was developed. It was applied to determine the average specific cake resistance infiltration of starch slurries at 18.8 to 115 kPa pressure drop range. At these conditions, corn, potato and sweet potato starch filter cakes were incompressible but wheat starch cake was compressible.     

EFFECT OF PHOSPHATE SALTS AND TRANSGLUTAMINASE IN PREVENTION OF FREEZE CRACKING IN FROZEN DICED BROILER BREAST

Raw broiler breast meat was cooked and diced to 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 cm ³ then frozen under air‐blast, still‐air and cryogenic conditions. It was found that freezing with cryogenic at ?70C at a rate of 37.50 cm/h produced 38.34% cracked pieces and increasing the freezing rate produced more cracked pieces. Cracking could be found on up to four sides of the dice. A small increase in the moisture of the dice drastically increased the cracking. Tumbling the meat with 1% sodium triphosphate solution prior to cooking and freezing at ?70C reduced the amount of freeze cracking in the product from 47.50 to 24.17%. Tumbling the meat with 0.5% transglutaminase (TGase) reduced the cracked product to 25.84%. Increasing TGase not only increased the moisture content of the products but also reduced the number of cracked products. The TGase‐treated dices had narrower and shorter cracks than phosphate‐treated and without treatment dices.     

基于欠焦像调制处理的生物高分辨透射电镜的发展

Biologieal samples which are composed of light atoms show very little contrast in transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and only small amount of electron dose is allowed to take the image because they are easily damaged by the electron beam irradiation.Therefore,to achieve high-resolution observation of the biological samples,it is crucially important to improve the instrument so as to obtain higher image contrast and to use the total electron dose as emciently as possible.     

Single‐Inductor Dual‐Output DC–DC Converter Design Using RC Ripple Regulator Method

In this paper, we have proposed Single‐Inductor Dual‐Output (SIDO) buck–buck and boost–boost dc–dc converter using improved RC ripple regulator control. The proposed SIDO buck–buck converter has the characteristics of low‐ripple and high control frequency. RC ripple regulator control cannot be applied to SIDO boost–boost converter because RC ripple regulator undergoes self‐excited oscillation and two self‐excited oscillating controllers make the SIDO converter unstable. Thus we proposed the priority circuit for RC ripple regulator control. The proposed control circuit improves response characteristic and simplicity of the control circuit. Simulations are performed to verify the validity of the proposed SIDO converter. Simulation results indicate good performance of the proposed SIDO converter.     

Highly Efficient dc–dc Transformer Based on Multicell Converter Topology for Next Generation dc Distribution System

A multicell dc–dc transformer (DCX) with an efficiency of 98.0% is developed for a next generation dc distribution system. Input series output parallel (ISOP) and input parallel output series (IPOS) connection topologies of highly efficient dc–dc cell converters have been applied to realize DCXs that have arbitrary I/O voltages and a high transfer factor. The behavior of a DCX based on multicell topology using nonregulated dc–dc converters is analyzed, and the voltage stress in each cell converter is discussed quantitatively considering the variation in converter circuit parameters. Further, the availability of the applied topology and the validity of the analysis are confirmed by fabricating a prototype of a 384 V to 12 V 2400 W DCX. The multicell topology contributes to realizing a low‐carbon society pushing the promotion of highly efficient, space‐saving, and low cost dc power supplies with standardized, highly efficient cell converter modules.     

石墨在高温形成的TEM原位动态观察

New carbon materials such as nanotubes and fullerenes are currently in the spotlight because of their remarkable properties and their potential to affectbroad areas of science and teclmology.Therefore,it is important to clarify the roles of metal catalysts on the synthesis of new carbons for controlling their structures and properties.However,the formation mechanisms of new carbons are still unclear despite the large amount of progress that has been reported concerning synthesis and applications.This is partly because only a few direct observations of graphite formation have been reported under ordinary synthesis conditions[1-2].     

氧化铝弥散强化铜合金中的沉淀相结构

The aluminizing-internal oxidation is a new method to fabricate a fine Al2O3particles dispersion-hardened layer in the surface of copper alloy.Phase structure,lattice parameter mismatch and morphology have strong influence on material properties because they are associated withe lectrical conductivity,strength and soften resistance.The structure ofthe precipRate in internal oxidized Cu-A1 alloy is still in dispute[1-3].     

Preparation of silicon oxide films by ultraviolet-assisted rf plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition

Abstracts are not published in this journal This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.