Experimental investigation of natural convection from a horizontal ice surface melting in pure water

A study on natural convection from a horizontal ice surface melting in pure water was conducted experimentally for the ambient water temperature from 2▿C to 10°C. Natural convection flow around upward-or downward-facing horizontal ice plate was divided into three regions according to the temperature variation of ambient water. The flow patterns of three regions were no flow, two-dimensional steady laminar flow and unsteady flow. Mean Nusselt number for the upward-facing surface had its maximum value at about 3°C of ambient water temperature. However, in the case of the downward-facing surface it increased as the ambient water temperature increased.     

Effects of Heat Treatment in a Wet Hydrogen Atmosphere on the Reliability of Sintered α-Silicon Carbide

Sintered α-SiC was exposed, for times up to 2 h, to a flowing wet H₂ atmosphere ( P _H2O= 1 × 10^-4 MPa) at temperatures of 1300°, 1400°, and 1500°C. The effect of such conditions on the reliability of the ceramic was estimated by comparing the Weibull modulus of the groups of specimens, tested in four-point flexure, before and after exposure. The Weibull modulus of as-polished specimens was 6.7, indicating a wide variation in room-temperature flexural strength. The Weibull modulus was increased to 14.2 by the heat treatment for 2 h in wet H₂ at 1400°C. The average strength was also improved from 347 to 446 MPa by such exposure. Heat treatment at 1300° and 1500°C also improved the reliability of the material, as indicated by increases in the Weibull modulus, but to less a degree than did exposure at 1400°C. The increases in reliability and average strength were attributed to the blunting of surface flaws by the formation of a thin SiO₂ layer on the sample surface.     

The KlaperSuite framework for model-driven reliability analysis of component-based systems

Automatic prediction tools play a key role in enabling the application of non-functional requirements analysis, to simplify the selection and the assembly of components for component-based software systems, and in reducing the need for strong mathematical skills for software designers. By exploiting the paradigm of Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), it is possible to automatically transform design models into analytical models, thus enabling formal property verification. MDE is the core paradigm of the KlaperSuite framework presented in this paper, which exploits the KLAPER pivot language to fill the gap between design and analysis of component-based systems for reliability properties. KlaperSuite is a family of tools empowering designers with the ability to capture and analyze quality of service views of their systems, by building a one-click bridge towards a number of established verification instruments. In this article, we concentrate on the reliability-prediction capabilities of KlaperSuite and we evaluate them with respect to several case studies from literature and industry.     

Rheological,thermal and morphological properties of polyethylene terephthalate/polyamide 6/rice husk ash composites

This work deals with the rheological, morphological, and thermal properties of composites having poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polyamide-6 (PA6), and their blends as matrices, and rice husk ash (RHA) as a filler. The study determines the effect of composition on the change in viscosity and rate of degradation during processing in a torque rheometer. Our data indicates that thermal stability and degradation during processing depend on matrix composition and filler concentration. SEM micrographs show both partial adhesion of the filler to the matrices and filler pullout. Optical microscopy shows particle agglomeration and that agglomerate size increased with filler content. FTIR investigates the shifting of absorption bands of PET/PA6 composite after the addition of RHA and attributes the selective dispersion of RHA to the formation of hydrogen bonds. Our data supports the idea that filler employed here is an option to develop polymer composites with improved properties.     

QoS and energy management with Petri nets: A self-adaptive framework

Energy use is becoming a key design consideration in computing infrastructures and services. In this paper we focus on service-based applications and we propose an adaptation framework that can be used to reduce power consumption according to the observed workload. The adaptation guarantees a trade-off between energy consumption and system performance. The approach is based on the principle of proportional energy consumption obtained by scaling down energy for unused resources, considering both the number of servers switched on and their operating frequencies. Stochastic Petri nets are proposed for the modeling of the framework concerns, their analyses give results about the trade-offs. The application of the approach to a simple case study shows its usefulness and practical applicability. Finally, different types of workloads are analyzed with validation purposes.     

一种基于MVDR和CCBC的抗噪语音识别方法

提出了一种适用于抗噪声语音识别的方法，其特征提取过程基于最小方差无失真响应（Minimum variance distortionles sresponse，MVDR）谱估计方法，并对该特征进行频率弯折以提高其知觉分辨率，最后使用基于正则相关分析的谱变换补偿（Canonical correlation based on compensation，CCBC）法对该特征进行自适应处理，从而提高了系统的鲁棒性。在展览馆噪声、人群噪声和汽车噪声下，与基于传统Mel倒谱系数（MFCC）特征的系统进行了对比实验，结果表明使用本文方法的语音识别系统的识别率得到了显著的提高。     

基于PDA的通信装备故障诊断系统的设计与实现

基于PDA的通信装备故障诊断系统采用客户/服务器结构,通过TCP/IP网络进行身份认证和数据传输。文中针对网络信息系统的口令验证的安全问题提出了一种基于SHA的一次性口令的身份认证方法;给出了诊断系统总体流程,并设计了可配置的诊断流程;讨论使用SQLServerCE提供的远程数据访问RDA对象,实现PDA上的SQLServerCE数据库与远程PC服务器上的SQLServer数据库的数据传输。     

典型装药水下爆炸的殉爆规律研究

针对典型的壳装炸药殉爆更接近炸药实际使用状态,采用ANSYS／LSDYNA软件建立了典型装药水下殉爆的有限元仿真模型,通过计算得到了殉爆距离与安全距离,基于此加工了试验样弹,并进行了相应的水下殉爆试验。试验结果与数值仿真结果较为吻合,表明了本文的仿真模型能够有效描述带壳装药的水下殉爆情况,水下试验中南冲击波压力和气泡周期来判断被发装药是否殉爆是可行的。最后,在水下殉爆理论分析基础上,根据试验结果预计了大药量水中兵器战斗部的安全性。本文的研究可为水中兵器战场环境的安全性设计提供依据,并可为水中兵器战斗部殉爆毁伤能力评估提供参考。     

导弹武器系统贮存期间检测周期的确定方法

导弹装备具有长期贮存的特性,必须对贮存装备进行质量控制,通过定期监测和修复贮存失效的方法,使装备在贮存期间满足预期的可靠性要求,因此确定合理的检测周期十分必要.提出了一种确定检测周期的新方法,同时以实际数据为基础,综合运用可靠性与维修性理论、现代数理统计知识、定性与定量相结合等方法进行分析,应用Matlab软件进行仿真.