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排序方式: 共有318条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Celin Gürler Mathias Feyen Silke Behrens Nina Matoussevitch Annette M. Schmidt 《Polymer》2008,49(9):2211-2216
Much effort is conducted to construct artificial objects that are capable of converting chemical or electromagnetic energy into a specific, predetermined motion on the nanoscale. We present results on the synthesis of core–shell nanoparticles capable to be set in rotation by the application of electromagnetic fields. The nanorotors implied in the study are based on the cobalt nanospheres decorated with a stabilizing brush shell composed of poly(?-caprolactone) that is attached by surface-initiated polymerization. The functional cores used as macroinitiators can be fabricated alternatively by a two-step or a one-step process. 相似文献
3.
Dickschat JS Bode HB Wenzel SC Müller R Schulz S 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2005,6(11):2023-2033
The volatiles released by agar plate cultures of two strains of the myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca (strains Sg a15 and DW4/3-1) were collected in a closed-loop stripping apparatus (CLSA) and analyzed by GC-MS. Large numbers of substances from different compound classes (ketones, esters, lactones, terpenes, and sulfur and nitrogen compounds) were identified; several of them are reported from natural sources for the first time. The volatiles 2-methyltridecan-4-one (17), its isomer 3-methyltridecan-4-one (20), and the higher homologue 2-methyltetradecan-4-one (18) were identified in the extracts of both strains and were synthesized. In addition, strain Sg a15 produced 2,12-dimethyltridecan-4-one (19), 2-methyltridec-2-en-4-one (23), and a series of phenyl ketones, among them 1-phenyldecan-1-one (14) and 9-methyl-1-phenyldecan-1-one (16), whereas strain DW4/3-1 emitted traces of 10-methylundecan-2-one (21). The biosynthesis of 14 and 16 was examined in feeding experiments with deuterated precursors carried out on agar plate cultures. The leucine-derived starter unit isovalerate was shown to be incorporated into 16, as was phenylalanine-derived benzoic acid into both 14 and 16. The results point to formation both of the phenyl ketones and of the structurally related aliphatic ketones through an unusual head-to-head coupling between a starter unit such as benzoyl-CoA and a fatty acyl-CoA, followed by decarboxylation. 相似文献
4.
Attila Bereck Silke Dillbohner Burkhard Weber Dieter Riegel Jrg Mosel Johannes Michael Reper Axel Brakelmann 《Coloration Technology》1997,113(11):322-326
A simple method for the characterisation of fabric softness using a conventional tensile tester and a special measurement device has been developed. The method is demonstrated to be especially useful in detecting changes in softness of a given substrate due to different treatments. The results obtained, particularly hysteresis at 75% of the maximum extension, provide a good correlation with subjective ranking for samples that are subjectively distinguishable; they also differentiate well between samples which seem subjectively indistinguishable. Screening tests were carried out, mainly on wool fabrics, to find the effect of different treatments such as oxidative (alkaline and acidic) and reductive (Blankit IN) bleaching, dyeing with acid and a 1:2 metal complex, chrome and (mono and bi)reactive dyes, the effect of the antisetting agent Basolan AS (BASF) and of crosslinking with Irgasol HTW (CGY) on fabric softness. 相似文献
5.
The Formation of Calcified Nanospherites during Micropetrosis Represents a Unique Mineralization Mechanism in Aged Human Bone 下载免费PDF全文
Petar Milovanovic Elizabeth A. Zimmermann Annika vom Scheidt Björn Hoffmann George Sarau Timur Yorgan Michaela Schweizer Michael Amling Silke Christiansen Björn Busse 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,13(3)
Osteocytes—the central regulators of bone remodeling—are enclosed in a network of microcavities (lacunae) and nanocanals (canaliculi) pervading the mineralized bone. In a hitherto obscure process related to aging and disease, local plugs in the lacuno‐canalicular network disrupt cellular communication and impede bone homeostasis. By utilizing a suite of high‐resolution imaging and physics‐based techniques, it is shown here that the local plugs develop by accumulation and fusion of calcified nanospherites in lacunae and canaliculi (micropetrosis). Two distinctive nanospherites phenotypes are found to originate from different osteocytic elements. A substantial deviation in the spherites' composition in comparison to mineralized bone further suggests a mineralization process unlike regular bone mineralization. Clearly, mineralization of osteocyte lacunae qualifies as a strong marker for degrading bone material quality in skeletal aging. The understanding of micropetrosis may guide future therapeutics toward preserving osteocyte viability to maintain mechanical competence and fracture resistance of bone in elderly individuals. 相似文献
6.
Evaluation of a low-cost 3D sound system for immersive virtual reality training systems 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Doerr KU Rademacher H Huesgen S Kubbat W 《IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics》2007,13(2):204-212
Since head mounted displays (HMD), datagloves, tracking systems, and powerful computer graphics resources are nowadays in an affordable price range, the usage of PC-based "virtual training systems" becomes very attractive. However, due to the limited field of view of HMD devices, additional modalities have to be provided to benefit from 3D environments. A 3D sound simulation can improve the capabilities of VR systems dramatically. Unfortunately, realistic 3D sound simulations are expensive and demand a tremendous amount of computational power to calculate reverberation, occlusion, and obstruction effects. To use 3D sound in a PC-based training system as a way to direct and guide trainees to observe specific events in 3D space, a cheaper alternative has to be provided, so that a broader range of applications can take advantage of this modality. To address this issue, we focus in this paper on the evaluation of a low-cost 3D sound simulation that is capable of providing traceable 3D sound events. We describe our experimental system setup using conventional stereo headsets in combination with a tracked HMD device and present our results with regard to precision, speed, and used signal types for localizing simulated sound events in a virtual training environment 相似文献
7.
8.
Summary We carry out a perturbation analysis for steady gravity-driven film flow over undulations of moderate steepness that are long
compared to the film thickness and study the linear stability of the flow in the framework of Floquet analysis. The effect
of geometric nonlinearities on the instability becomes relevant for moderate bottom variations. We find that the critical
Reynolds number for the onset of surface waves is higher than that for a flat bottom. At higher inclination angles, the theoretical
results are in good quantitative agreement with experiment. At inclination angles where the flat part of the undulation is
close to being horizontal, the basic solution for the steady flow fails to describe the flow in the flat part, and the linear
stability analysis overestimates the critical Reynolds number. 相似文献
9.
10.
Ana Rita Otrelo-Cardoso Márcia Alexandra da Silva Correia Viola Schwuchow Dmitri I. Svergun Maria Jo?o Rom?o Silke Leimkühler Teresa Santos-Silva 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(2):2223-2236
The periplasmic aldehyde oxidoreductase PaoABC from Escherichia coli is a molybdenum enzyme involved in detoxification of aldehydes in the cell. It is an example of an αβγ heterotrimeric enzyme of the xanthine oxidase family of enzymes which does not dimerize via its molybdenum cofactor binding domain. In order to structurally characterize PaoABC, X-ray crystallography and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) have been carried out. The protein crystallizes in the presence of 20% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350 using the hanging-drop vapour diffusion method. Although crystals were initially twinned, several experiments were done to overcome twinning and lowering the crystallization temperature (293 K to 277 K) was the solution to the problem. The non-twinned crystals used to solve the structure diffract X-rays to beyond 1.80 Å and belong to the C2 space group, with cell parameters a = 109.42 Å, b = 78.08 Å, c = 151.77 Å, β = 99.77°, and one molecule in the asymmetric unit. A molecular replacement solution was found for each subunit separately, using several proteins as search models. SAXS data of PaoABC were also collected showing that, in solution, the protein is also an αβγ heterotrimer. 相似文献