A LRT Control Method Using Sensor Information in Distribution Systems with a Large Amount of PVs and EVs

It is of prime importance to maintain voltage profile within the proper range in distribution systems with a large amount of photovoltaics and electric vehicles (EVs). In particular, there is a possibility that line drop compensation (LDC) logic, which is utilized for the control of load ratio tap transformer (LRT) does not work properly when reverse power flow is included partially. Hence, in this paper, we have developed a new LRT control method based on the sensor information supposing that some section switchgears with sensors are introduced in the future distribution systems. Specifically, the extreme value of voltage profile is estimated by convergence calculation in the section between the section switchgear with sensor and LRT. Moreover, the voltage at the end node can be estimated by LDC method using sensor information of section switchgear. The proposed method was tested using a distribution system model and its effectiveness was shown.     

Intrinsic Thermal Conductivity of Starch: A Model-independent Determination

Effective thermal conductivities of two-phase mixtures of potato or soluble starch granules with pure liquids or aqueous solutions (thermal conductivities in the range 0.169–0.602 W.m^?1.K^?1) were measured at 18.5±2.2°C using the steady state method. Measured values were compared with the thermal conductivities of the liquids and the results indicated a range of 0.38–0.40 W.m^?1K^?l for intrinsic thermal conductivity. Similar measurements, at temperatures up to 50°C for soluble starch (to assess the temperature dependence of the intrinsic thermal conductivity) indicated no significant change over the range of temperature studied for mixtures with pure liquids.     

Isolated Ac/Dc Converter Using Soft Switching Technique

This paper presents a high‐frequency isolated ac/dc converter using the soft switching technique. The ac/dc converter consists of a matrix converter for transforming three‐phase ac voltage to high‐frequency ac voltage, a high‐frequency transformer, and an ac/dc rectifier. In order to reduce the switching loss, soft switching at every commutation of the matrix converter and ac/dc converter is achieved. The effectiveness of the proposed converter and the control scheme was verified by experiments.     

EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND ORAL PERCEPTION ON TRANSIT SPEED AND PASSING TIME OF SEMILIQUID FOODS FROM THE MID-PHARYNX TO THE HYPOPHARYNX

The results of two sensory analyses, using healthy young individuals as assessors and semiliquid foods with markedly different physical properties as samples, were compared. One analysis required the assessors to perceive the food texture by oral perception alone and to use it as a basis for predicting the ease of swallowing of the bolus samples (i. e., the mobility of the samples through the pharynx) without actually swallowing the samples. The other analysis required the assessors to evaluate the mobility of the bolus samples through the pharynx, by actually swallowing them. Comparison of the results implied that human beings predict how easy it is to swallow a bolus (i. e., the mobility of the bolus through the pharynx) by perceiving in the oral cavity the texture of the food. Examinations were also made on the relationship between the evaluation of mobility of the bolus through the pharynx obtained by sensory analyses, and the transit speed and passing time of the bolus samples obtained by videomanofluorography. It was recognized that the front end speed was fast for semiliquid food samples that were soft and easy to swallow (and therefore easy to move through the pharynx), whereas the front end speed was slow for semiliquid food samples that were hard and difficult to swallow (and therefore perceived as being difficult to move through the pharynx.) These findings suggest that human beings' perception of the ease of swallowing of semiliquid food is closely related to the front end speed of the bolus. No significant difference was found among samples, either in the tail end speed of the bolus samples, or in the passing time from the front end to the tail end of the bolus samples. These results imply that, through some kind of swallowing efforts, healthy individuals are controlling the passing time through the pharynx of boluses with markedly diflerent physical properties, so that the time remains constant.