日本东京座·高圆寺剧场

<正>座·高圆寺是一座为替代旧高圆寺会馆而兴建的公共剧场,坐落于距东京JR高圆寺车站5分钟步行距离的住宅区内。座·高圆寺形如封闭的帐篷,其墙体和屋顶的砌建均采用了钢板加固混凝土结构,既提供了足够的稳定性又使墙体极为纤薄。墙体钢筋混凝土外立面覆有钢板,并由金属支柱(125mmx125mm宽边钢梁)支撑。     

The excellent water-solubility of N-[3-(dimethyl-amino)propyl] docosanamide chloride : the most eco-friendly cationic hair conditioning agent

A new hair-conditioning agent, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]docosanamide (APA-22) hydrochloric acid salt (APA-22 HCl), has excellent solubility in water with a solubility limit over 10-times larger than that of other APA hydrochloric salts with shorter alkyl chain lengths. The physicochemical characteristics of APA-22 HCl were studied at 25 degrees C by using equilibrium surface tension (gamma), solubilization of an oil-soluble dye, steady-state fluorescence, and chloride ion selective electrode techniques. The APA-22 HCl salt is considered to form an aggregate at a concentration, C(1), which is about twice the concentration of the solubility limit of APAs with shorter alkyl chains. At a higher concentration, C(2), the aggregates of APA-22 HCl start forming another kind of aggregate, which is able to solubilize oil-soluble materials. That is, C(1) is considered to represent the critical aggregation concentration (cac) and C(2) a morphology transition. In the concentration region between C(1) and C(2) the solutions are seemingly transparent whereas at above C(2) they appear bluish or translucent. Since the Krafft point of APA-22 HCl is 55 degrees C, all the solutions, including the aggregates, are thought to exist in metastable states. Notably, however, these metastable solutions do not change significantly over a few months. The excellent solubility of APA-22 HCl in water is considered to be a result of this unique stepwise aggregation with increasing concentration.     

东京多摩美术大学图书馆

<正>多摩美术大学图书馆是日本建筑大师伊东丰雄(Toyo Ito)的新作,坐落在东京多摩美术大学八王子校区内,位于一座公园后略微倾斜的草坪上。设计伊始,伊东丰雄领导的团队计划将整座图     

巴塞罗那费拉Porta Fira双子塔

<正>作为巴塞罗那L' Hospitalet市都市再开发项目的一部分,费拉Porta Fira双子塔伫立于欧洲广场内。该基地位于巴塞罗那市和ElPrat国际机场之间,距离巴塞罗那ElPrat国际机场仅为8km,并构成了Barcelona Gran Via Fair会场的延伸部分,营造出一个引导人们进入活动区域的门户。     

Reliability verification of system applying a microprocessor in ahigh-voltage gas insulated substation

Relating to the microprocessor control and monitoring system applied in a GIS (gas insulated substation), this paper describes a series of reliability evaluation tests carried out during its development, and evaluation results on the basis of field data. According to the test results, it was found that the system developed has greater reliability for practical application from the viewpoint of EMC and life. In addition, a cost evaluation of the system developed was also carried out to compare the costs of a conventional system, thus verifying the economical advantages of the system developed     

Giant magnetoresistance through a single molecule

Magnetoresistance is a change in the resistance of a material system caused by an applied magnetic field. Giant magnetoresistance occurs in structures containing ferromagnetic contacts separated by a metallic non-magnetic spacer, and is now the basis of read heads for hard drives and for new forms of random access memory. Using an insulator (for example, a molecular thin film) rather than a metal as the spacer gives rise to tunnelling magnetoresistance, which typically produces a larger change in resistance for a given magnetic field strength, but also yields higher resistances, which are a disadvantage for real device operation. Here, we demonstrate giant magnetoresistance across a single, non-magnetic hydrogen phthalocyanine molecule contacted by the ferromagnetic tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope. We measure the magnetoresistance to be 60% and the conductance to be 0.26G(0), where G(0) is the quantum of conductance. Theoretical analysis identifies spin-dependent hybridization of molecular and electrode orbitals as the cause of the large magnetoresistance.     

Aquatic toxicity and biodegradability of advanced cationic surfactant APA-22 compatible with the aquatic environment

Cationic surfactant is a chemical substance used in hair conditioner, fabric softener and other household products. By investigating the relationship between the aquatic toxicity and the chemical structures of two types of mono alkyl cationic surfactants, alkyl trimethylammonium salts and alkyl dimethylamine salts, we have found that the C22 alkyl chain length is effective to reduce the toxicity. Besides, we have recognized that the amidopropyl functional group contributes to the enhanced biodegradability by investigating the biodegradation trend of (alkylamidopropyl)dimethylamine salt (alkyl chain length: C18). Based on these findings, we have developed mono alkyl cationic surfactant called APA-22, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]docosanamide salt. APA-22 is formed by the C22 alkyl chain, amidopropyl functional group and di-methyltertiary amine group. We evaluated the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability of APA-22 by two standard methods (OECD Test Guideline 301B and ECETOC technical document No.28) and found that this substance was degraded rapidly in both conditions. The toxicity to algae, invertebrate and fish of this substance are evaluated by using OECD Test Guideline 201, 202 and 203, respectively. All acute toxicity values are >1 mg/L, which indicates that environmental toxicity of this substance is relatively less toxic to aquatic organism. In addition, we estimated the biodegradation pathway of APA-22 and observed the complete disappearance of APA-22 and its intermediates during the test periods. Based on the environmental data provided above, we concluded that APA22 is more compatible with the aquatic environment compared to other cationic surfactants with mono long alkyl chain.     

Mechanism for Corrosion Prevention by a Mechanical Plating of Uniform Zinc-Iron Alloy

In situ electrochemical monitoring with a three-electrode cell was applied to investigate the anti-corrosion properties of a mechanical zinc-iron alloy plating. Several electron probe microanalyses were also conducted to identify the chemical elements in the plating. The results indicated the formation of a Zn-Fe intermetallic compound, which allowed a mechanism for corrosion prevention to be proposed. In the proposed mechanism, Zn(OH)₂ plays a significant role in the corrosion prevention of steel alloys.     

Singapore Buona Vista Masterplan Competition,Singapore

A plan for an IT-based research city in Singapore provided Toyo Ito & Associates with the unique opportunity to rethink urban typology. In a project that revives some of the ideas of 1960s metabolism, Ito recasts architecture and infrastructure in a unified structure that envisions the city environment as a ‘neuron-like network of sequences’.     

Discernment of relative retention values of triglyceride α,β isomers on reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography

Discernment of α,β isomers of triglyceride on reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was investigated by the use of a multiple regression analysis. The retention effect of triglyceride molecular species was considered to be dependent principally on the addition theorem of chemical potential of both position α and position β (acyl carbon numbers and numbers of double bonds in the acyl group), though it was observed that the retention effect of position α is somewhat larger than that of position β on HPLC when it has the same acyl group combination.