An RTN Variation Tolerant SRAM Screening Test Design with Gaussian Mixtures Approximations of Long-Tail Distributions

This paper points out that the ordinary screening-test design (STD) will be no longer available when once the random telegraph noise (RTN) could not be ignored any more, resulting from a significantly increasing of the time-dependent modulation of the overall voltage-margin variations (OVMV). Since the major RTN effect on the OVMV modulation comes up after the screening, the actual precision of the STD must rely entirely upon the estimation accuracy of the RTN effect. The proposed STD is based on the developed statistical convolution model capable of fulfilling the following requirements: (1) precisely approximating the non Gaussian tail distribution of the RTN by simple Gaussian mixtures model (GMM), (2) accurately convoluting the RTN tail with the distribution of the Gaussian random dopant fluctuation (RDF). The proposed concepts are 1) sequentially and adaptively segmentation of the long tailed distributions such that the log-likelihood of the GMM in each segment is maximized. It has been verified that the proposed method can reduce the error of the fail-bit predictions by 3-orders of magnitude at the interest raw score where the fail probability pdf = 10^?12 which corresponds to a 99.9 % yield for 1Gbit chips.     

Comparative study of different combined superheated-steam drying techniques for chicken meat

The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate different drying techniques for chicken meat, which was aimed as an ingredient for ready-to-eat noodle. Two multi-stage drying techniques, i.e., superheated steam drying in the first stage followed by heat pump drying in the second stage (SSD/HP), and superheated steam drying in the first stage followed by hot air drying in the second stage (SSD/AD), were proposed. The effects of superheated steam temperature and moisture content of chicken at the end of the first-stage drying on the drying kinetics and quality of the dried product viz. color, shrinkage, rehydration ability were then evaluated. The results were also compared with those of purely superheated steam drying. SSD/HP was found to be the most suitable drying method for drying chicken as an ingredient for ready-to-eat noodle.     

An optimum virtual paths network-based atm network using the genetic algorithm

In this article, we propose the use of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimize a Virtual Paths (VPs) network and describe a simple coding technique. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.