利用标志法研究钒—硅酸锆蓝色颜料的生成机理

标志法用来研究钒-硅酸锆蓝色颜料形成过程中的离子移动问题，借此了解该颜料的生成机理。结果表明Si^4 和Zr^4 中Si^4 是唯一可以移动的离子；NaF的加入有利于SiO2的玻璃化，因而对硅离子的迁移有一定贡献，但其移动更依赖于NaF和NH4VO3反应所形成的液相。此外，ZrO2的溶解也是硅酸锆生成的一个限制因素。     

Facile microwave-assisted fabrication of WC-Al2O3 composite powder from WO3-Al-C mixture

A facile and cheap method for the fabrication of WC-Al₂O₃ composite powder was proposed. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that aluminothermic reduction of WO₃ in WO₃:xAl:(4–1.5x)C mixture is accompanied by a great deal of heat, so carbothermic reduction reaction (endothermic) becomes activated in the system. By substitution of aluminum with carbon, the formation of unwanted W₂C phase can be prevented because of less thermodynamic stability at lower temperatures. For the verification of the proposed reaction mechanism, various WO₃:xAl:(4–1.5x)C mixtures (1.1≤x≤2) were heat-treated in a domestic microwave oven. The results showed that the type of reaction is self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) when 1.4≤x≤2. Lower amount of Al in WO₃:xAl:(4–1.5x)C mixtures results in a higher formation of WC. A W₂C-free WC-Al₂O₃ composite was obtained by continuation of microwave heating in an isolated atmosphere, after the occurrence of SHS reaction in a mixture containing 1.4 mol of Al. Results also showed that when x≤1.3, type of reaction becomes gradual, which in turn brings about the incompleteness reaction and residue of initial reagents.     

Quality Improvement and Evaluation of Hypoallergenic Rice Grains

The color of hypoallergenic rice grains, produced by an enzymatic process was improved by treatment with diluted hydrochloric acid and washing with water. The acid-treated grains were steamed at the surface layer to prevent breakage. Textural evaluation showed the cooked hypoallergenic rice grains had a favorable stickiness/hardness ratio.     

水热软化学法合成单轴取向钙钛矿型钛酸盐薄膜

采用具有纤铁矿型层状结构的层状钛酸盐K0.8Ti1.73Li0.27O4·nH2O(KTLO)制备出层状H -型钛酸盐H1.07Til.73O4·nH2O(HTO),并将其以之作为前驱物,将HTO前驱物粉末通过与0.1 M的n-丙胺反应剥落成其结构单元层的纳米片,接着采用HTO纳米片胶体溶液通过旋转涂覆工艺在金属基体Ti、Pt或者Au上制备出择优取向的HTO薄膜,随后加热至200～400℃.在A(OH)2(A=Ba,Sr)溶液中于150～350℃温度范围内水热处理HTO前驱物薄膜成功制备出具有高度[110]择优取向的ATiO3(A=Ba,Sr)薄膜(取向因子≈1.0).钛酸盐薄膜择优取向的方向受控于HTO前驱物薄膜的结构且不依赖于基体的性质.     

原味沙拉酱的营养评价与关键风味成分分析

为明确原味沙拉酱的营养与风味品质,以原味沙拉酱为研究对象,采用常规的营养成分分析方法和顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术,对原味沙拉酱的营养成分和挥发性成分进行分析,并通过感觉阈值,运用相对气味活度法评价挥发性气味成分对总体风味的影响程度。结果显示:原味沙拉酱的水分、灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪质量分数分别为17.70%、1.77%、2.67%和76.26%;原味沙拉酱中的必需氨基酸质量分数为34.58%,必需氨基酸含量丰富,必需氨基酸指数为0.77,说明其蛋白为可用的蛋白食物源;原味沙拉酱脂肪酸中含量最高为油酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量较为丰富;其呈鲜味氨基酸主要为谷氨酸和天冬氨酸,占氨基酸总量的63.94%;矿物质元素中Na含量最高,达7.56 mg/g;在原味沙拉酱中共检测出35种挥发性成分,其关键气味物质主要为乙酸、苯乙醛、壬醛、十一醛、肉豆蔻醛、乙酸乙酯和异硫氰酸异丁酯。     

Expansion of Ag2O Lattice by Annealing

The lattice constants of Ag₂O are temperature-dependent, with an apparent maximum at ∼200°C; this effect is similar for annealing in vacuum and in O₂. The maximum appears to result from lack of thermal equilibrium in the oxide at temperatures <∼200°C. The lattice expansion was interpreted in terms of a change in the concentration of lattice vacancies in the Ag₂O structure.     

金属有机物分解法制备的La0.67Ca0.33MnOz薄膜的磁输运特性

利用金属有机物分解法在石英衬底上制备了多晶La0.67Ca0.33MnOx薄膜。研究了薄膜输运特性及其与温度的关系,发现薄膜的金属－半导体转变温度Tp(约172K）远低于其居里温度（约247K）;在平行于膜面的1T磁场下,77K－302K温度范围内,没有磁电阻（MR）峰,而是在Tp温度以下,有一宽的平台,平台处MR值约为21％－24％,在Tp温度以上,MR随温度上升而迅速降低;在77K温度上,薄膜具有显著的低场磁电阻效应。上述磁输运特性与载流子在晶界附近的输运行为如强的自旋相关散射和晶粒间自旋极化隧道效应等有关。在77K温度下,还观察到退磁效应引起的磁电阻垂直各向异性。     

沙拉酱品质稳定性及其营养风味的研究进展

沙拉酱原产于地中海的米诺卡岛,是用大量的鸡蛋和油制作而成的,这种酱汁在饮食中所占的地位越来越重要。文章主要从沙拉酱的品质稳定性、营养与风味、应用等方面综述国内外有关沙拉酱的研究进展,指出其存在的问题并展望未来的发展趋势,以期为沙拉酱的市场发展及应用研究提供一定的理论依据。     

A High Immersive Telexistence System of the Moving Object with Full Circumference Image and Inertial Force Presentation

Currently, the remote control such as the bilateral control which enables transmitting the multimodal information has been studied. However, remote control has not been reached while perceiving the wind, gravity, and the condition of the ground on the moving object at the remote place. When it is possible to perceive the external force applied to the moving object, it is possible to perform an appropriate operation sensuously according to a remote place such as a slope or a gravel road. Therefore, we propose a high immersive telexistence system with head mounted display and the six‐axis motion base which enables transmitting the inertia and force information of the moving vehicle, and 360‐degree image of moving object's surroundings at real‐time.