Elastic Moduli and Refractive Indices of Aluminosilicate Glasses Containing Y2O3, La2O3, and TiO2

Glasses in the system Al₂O₃-Y₂O₃-SiO₂, containing TiO₂ and La₂O₃, were investigated. Glasses of high refractive index and elastic modulus were developed. The observed Young's and shear moduli of these glasses show good agreement with theoretical values. Agreement was also found between the observed and calculated values of refractive index when the Appen's empirical coefficients were used.     

Novel Measurement of Hypoxanthine in Fish Using Direct Measurement Probe and Chemiluminescence Flow Injection Analysis

Direct measurements of hypoxanthine (Hx) in fish flesh were carried out using a sardine and a grunt twice with the same fish, and the average of 10 successive measurements (from 120 sec to 480 sec after pressing the probe against fish tissue) was taken as the Hx concentration by direct measurement. Results with two nearby tissues of one sample were 42.9 ± 4.9 μM and 42.6 ± 2.6 μM for the sardine, and 639 ± 33 μM and 598 ± 29 μM for the grunt. For sardine, Hx results from this direct method did not agree well with perchloric acid extraction measurements, but they were much better for grunt.     

Basic Study on Islanding Detection Method for PV Systems by Harmonic Impedance Detection in Case of Including Induction Motor in Load System

It is important that photovoltaic (PV) systems detect islanding caused by power system faults to ensure electrical safety. Thus we propose a novel islanding detection method which detects the harmonic impedance by injecting harmonic currents synchronized with the exciting current harmonics of the pole transformer. For the case in which an induction motor load is included in the load system, basic experiments on islanding detection and simulation analysis are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

铜合金疲劳过程中塑性应变幅的变化

采用自制的平面弯曲疲劳试验装置，进行振动频率为60Hz，应力幅值恒定，平均应力为零的疲劳试验，得到C1100P-1／4H纯铜和C2801P—1／4H黄铜疲劳过程中塑性应变幅与循环次数的关系。利用位错增殖和湮灭机制，推导出试验合金材料疲劳过程中的塑性应变幅的变化仅由可动位错密度和伯格斯矢量决定，而可动位错密度可被描述成疲劳循环数的函数，从而建立起了平面弯曲疲劳过程中塑性应变幅与循环次数的理论关系模型。利用该理论关系模型，对实验结果进行了回归分析，回归结果与实验吻合很好，表明该理论关系模型可用以预测材料的疲劳寿命。     

Preparation of La0.5Li0.5TiO3 perovskite thin films by the sol–gel method

Perovskite La_0.5Li_0.5TiO₃ (LLT) thin films, 0.2–1 μm thick, were deposited on non-alkali aluminoborosilicate glass substrates (NA substrates) and glass substrates with ITO (indium tin oxide) coatings (ITO substrates) by the sol–gel method. Alkoxide-based solutions containing titanium alkoxide, lithium alkoxide and lanthanum alkoxide and acetate-based solutions containing titanium alkoxide, lithium acetate and lanthanum acetate, were used as coating solutions. Impurity phases tended to be precipitated on heat treatment in the films derived from the acetate-based solutions. Addition of acetylacetone or partial substitution of lead for lithium in the acetate-based solutions, however, was effective in suppressing the precipitation of impurity phases. Preferred orientation of the LLT (1 1 1/2) plane was observed in the films prepared from the acetate-based solutions when NA substrates were used, whereas the employment of the alkoxide-based solutions or ITO substrates and the partial substitution of lead for lithium, reduced the preferred orientation. The electrical conductivity of the films was much lower than the values reported for the sintered materials. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

COMPARISON OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AGAR, LOW GEL STRENGTH AGAR AND GELATIN, AS SUPPLEMENTARY FOOD FOR PEOPLE WITH SWALLOWING DIFFICULTY

Low gel strength agar (LGSA), recently developed as a supplementary food for swallowing was compared with ordinary agar and gelatin. LGSA was developed to have physical properties close to that of gelatin, while keeping one property of agar, i. e. its setting temperature which can be controlled comparatively easier than gelatin. Each specimen was prepared with and without orange flavor. After determination of their basic properties, i. e. hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness and gumminess, three samples of two flavors, six in all, were studied for ease of swallowing using electromyography and sensory evaluation, on middle age (40 to 60 years old) and senior age (60 to 70 years old) subjects. Those experiments revealed nearly the same results with all samples, except for a slight difference in gumminess in LGSA and gelatin. No significant difference in electromyograms were noted in six samples or with age of subjects. It is feasible to employ agar materials together with gelatin in institutions whose members have swallowing disorders.     

Effect of Electric Field Imposition on Metal Anodizing Behavior

Anodic oxidation processes for metal surface have been utilized many materials,for example,porous alumina,nano-silicon crystal,and so on.In these materials,anodizing surface treatment for titanium or zirconium is useful for biocompatible material,like artificial bones and joints.In anodizing behavior,successive dielectric breakdown makes the surface microscopic bumpy morphology,which is important for the biocompatibility.Electric field can promote the oxidation behavior at the anodizing surface.As the result of the anodizing experiments using titanium or zirconium plate(10mm×10mm),it is found that the anodized film becomes thicker and the microscopic honeycomb structure becomes finer and uniform by the imposition of electric field up to 200 kV/m.     

In-Bi-Tl三元系液体合金中成分的活度测定SCIEI

用ZrO_2固体电解质组成氧浓差电池:(-)Re,In,In_2O_3|ZrO_2(Y_2O_3)|In-Bi-Tl,In_2O_3,Re(+),在973—1223K的温变范围内测定了In-Bi-Tl三元系中含Tl量较少的两个mol比(N_(Bi)/N_(Tl))一定的拟二元系合金中In的活度,据实验结果求得合金的过剩自由能。使用作者曾提出的计算式及有关各二元系热力学数据计算了合金中In的活度及过剩自由能。计算值与实验值相当一致。此三元系合金的过剩自由能除在In-Tl二元系相近组成以外都呈负值,极小值在Bi-Tl二元系上。