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1.
The ionic conduction in sintered Bi2O2-Y2O3 was investigated by measuring the conductivity and the emf of an oxygen concentration cell using the specimen tablet as electrolyte. The face centred cubic phase in this system was found to show high oxide ion conduction accompanied by a little electronic conduction when exposed to air. This phase was stable with a composition of 25 ~ 43 mol % Y2O3 over a wide range of temperatures, and the oxide ion conductivity increased with decrease in Y2O3. The conductivities of (Bi2O3)0.75 (Y2O3)0.25 were 1.6×10?1 Ω?1 cm?1 at 700°C and 1.2×10?2 Ω?1 cm?1 at 500°C values which are many times higher than those of stabilized zirconia (ZrO2)0.90(Y2O3)0.10 at corresponding temperatures. Specimens containing less than 25 mol % Y2O3 showed a phase transition at 700 ~ 580°C and the conductivities decreased remarkably below these temperatures. High oxide ion conduction in the fcc phase is attributed to the migration of oxide ion vacancies which were present in an appreciable amount. 相似文献
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C. Gaire Y. Ou H. Arao M. Egami A. Nakashima R. C. Picu G.-C. Wang T.-M. Lu 《Journal of Porous Materials》2010,17(1):11-18
Mechanical properties of porous methyl silsesquioxane samples with dielectric constant 2.4 and 2.0 and a recently developed
nanoclustering silica film samples with dielectric constants 2.3 and 2.0 were evaluated using an atomic force microscope based
nanoindentation. It was found that the Young’s modulus and the hardness decrease while the fracture toughness increases with
a decrease in the dielectric constant in the same type of material. Moreover, the Young’s modulus and the hardness of the
nanoclustering silica films were observed to be at least twice and fracture toughness values ~1.3–1.5 higher than those for
methyl silsesquioxane films with similar dielectric constants. The high resolution topographic imaging capability of atomic
force microscope was shown to be particularly useful in the measurement of cracks generated by the ultra-low indentation loads,
and the evaluation of the fracture toughness of the nanoscale volumes of materials. 相似文献
3.
S Arao S Matsuura M Nonomura K Miki K Kabasawa H Nakanishi 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,37(3):553-557
The usefulness of the measurement of urinary lactoferrin (LF) released from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and of an immunochromatography test strip devised for measuring urinary LF for the simple and rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTI) was evaluated. Urine specimens were collected from apparently healthy persons and patients diagnosed as suffering from UTI. In the preliminary study, the LF concentrations in 121 normal specimens and 88 specimens from patients (60 with UTI) were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The LF concentration was 3,300.0 +/- 646.3 ng/ml (average +/- standard error of the mean) in the specimens from UTI patients, whereas it was 30.4 +/- 2.7 ng/ml and 60.3 +/- 14.9 ng/ml in the specimens from healthy persons and the patients without UTI, respectively. Based on these results, a 200-ng/ml LF concentration was chosen as the cutoff value for negativity. Each urine specimen was reexamined with the newly devised immunochromatography (IC) test strip to calculate the indices of efficacy. Based on the cutoff value, it was calculated that the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the IC test were 93.3, 89.3, 86.2, and 94.9%, respectively, compared with the results of the microscopic examination of the urine specimens for the presence of leukocytes. The respective indices for UTI were calculated as 95.0, 92.9, 89.7, and 96.6%. The tests were completed within 10 min. These results indicated that urine LF measurement with the IC test strip provides a useful tool for the simple and rapid diagnosis of UTI. 相似文献
4.
Takaya Yamamoto Tomihiro Takano Yoshiyuki Takuma Makoto Inoue Gen Arao 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2010,170(3):19-27
Dispersed generators such as wind power systems, photovoltaic systems, and cogeneration systems are expected to mitigate the environmental burden of energy consumption, and their installation has been promoted recently. Micro‐Grid is focused on as a method to solve some problems in a commercial electric power line when installing a large number of dispersed generators, and some demonstrative research on Micro‐Grid for large‐scale systems is being carried out now. Also, small cogeneration systems for houses, such as gas engines and fuel cells, are expected to improve CO2 emissions. However, if the power and heat demand of a family are relatively small or are unbalanced, the cogeneration system does not operate effectively. The authors have studied the application of Micro‐Grid for home energy supply, and have developed a control system to solve this problem. The system achieves a reduction of CO2 emissions and energy costs by sharing electric power and heat among some houses with cogeneration systems. This paper presents an outline of the newly developed system, and in particular describes the effect of the reduction in CO2 emissions compared with a conventional energy supply method, and the case in which dispersed generators are installed in some houses and operate independently. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 170(3): 19–27, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20879 相似文献
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We compared the sensitivity of 19 herpes simplex virus (HSV) strains to type I (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and type II (IFN-gamma) human interferons in cultures of human retinal epithelial (K-1034) and lung (HEL) cells. Their sensitivities proved to be well correlated, even though type I and type II IFN have been reported to have different antiviral actions. The correlation was not because IFN-gamma stimulated the formation of IFN-beta, for an antibody that neutralized IFN-beta did not reduce its inhibitory effects. Our results show that each HSV strain has a characteristic and similar sensitivity to type I and type II IFN and suggest some common pathway in the mechanism of their antiviral actions. 相似文献
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Shin-Ichi Hirano† Toshinobu Yogo† Ko-Ichi Kikuta† Ken-Ichi Noda† Masao Ichida‡ Arao Nakamura‡ 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1995,78(11):2956-2960
Crack-free and highly transparent KTiOPO4 (KTP) thin films were synthesized by the sol-gel method using a homogeneous precursor solution prepared from ("BuO)2 -P(O)(OH), Ti(OEt)4 , and KOEt in EtOH. Precipitated powders from the solution crystallized directly to KTP above 550°C. Polycrystalline KTP thin films were obtained at 600°C on various substrates. On NdAlO3 (100) substrates, KTP films with (101) and (240) preferred orientations were formed at 600°C. KTP films on glass substrates showed a refractive index of 1.75 and an absorption edge of 350 nm. KTP films exhibited the second harmonic generation of the 532 nm light on irradiaton with 1064 nm light. 相似文献
9.
Walter W. Focke Arao Manhique Rachel Carter 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2002,85(5):1139-1144
White pigments impart opacity to films and coatings by virtue of their ability to scatter incident light. This study considers a homogeneous coating that contains a low concentration of randomly dispersed, monodisperse pigment particles. The optical properties are determined using a lattice model with cell size defined by the diameter ( d ) of the particles. For pure scattering, the contrast ratio (CR) is an algebraic function of the scattering coefficient (κ), pigment volume fraction (φ), and coating layer thickness ( L ), as follows: [formula omitted]When tested against literature data for white films opacified with titanium dioxide, an empirical expression with a single adjustable constant provides a better interpolation formula than the above equation. This discrepancy is attributed to the contribution of a minor amount of absorption to the measured opacity. 相似文献
10.
Kazushi Shibutani Jun Nakai Ketkanok Aphichartsuphapkhajorn Yoshihito Kayaki Shigeki Kuwata Yoshihiko Arao Masatoshi Kubouchi 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(17):50311
The effect of oxygen and additional oxygen providers on furfuryl alcohol polymerization was investigated through chemical analyses and mechanical evaluation. NMR, UV–vis, Fourier transform infrared, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) results suggested that atmospheric oxygen and the further addition of an oxygen source functioned as an activator for the entire network polymerization. Interestingly, the construction of a conjugated structure on the furan linear chain, which is key to three-dimensional cross-linking, also appears to be accelerated in the presence of oxygen. Furthermore, the introduction of oxygen providers into the curing system successfully enhanced the mechanical properties of the cured furan resin. 相似文献