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1.
In the present study, the effects of charge‐transfer complex formation and intramolecular fragmentation (side‐chain lactonization) in radical copolymerization of tert‐butyl vinyl ether (t‐BVE) with anhydrides of maleic (MA) and citraconic (CA) acids and the structure–thermal behavior relationships of the resulting copolymers were examined using the 1H‐NMR, FTIR, DSC, and TGA analysis methods. It was shown that copolymerization under the chosen conditions proceeded through intramolecular fragmentation with the formation of γ‐lactone units. Side‐chain fragmentation of t‐BVE–MA and t‐BVE–CA copolymers also was confirmed by TGA and DSC analysis. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2455–2463, 2006 2006 相似文献
2.
Hatice Kaplan Can A. Lale Doan Zakir M. O. Rzaev Ayegül Hasegeli Uner Ali Güner 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2006,100(5):3425-3432
The ternary copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA), vinyl acetate (VA), and acrylic acid (AA) [P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA)], which is considered to be an acceptor–donor–acceptor system, was carried out in 1,4‐dioxane with benzoyl peroxide as an initiator at 70°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Constants of complex formation for the monomer systems in the study were determined by UV–visible (hydrogen‐bonding complex) and 1H‐NMR (charge transfer complex) methods, respectively. The results show that polymerization of the P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA) system proceeds by an alternating terpolymerization mechanism. It is shown that the synthesized copolymers have typical polyelectrolyte behavior, ability for reversible hydrolysis–anhydrization reactions, and semicrystalline structures. In these cases, including radical polymerization, and formation of semicrystalline structures, the hydrogen‐bonding effect plays a significant role. The in vitro cytotoxicities of the synthesized terpolymer and alternating copolymer were evaluated using Raji cells (human Burkitt lymphoma cell line). The antitumor activities of prepared anion‐active copolymers were studied using methyl–thiazol–tetrazolium colorimetric assay and 50% of the cytotoxic dose of each copolymer and terpolymer were calculated. Hydrolyzed P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA) and P(MA‐alt‐AA) copolymers have sufficiently high antitumor activity, which depends on the amount of hydrogen‐bonding carboxylic groups and their regular distribution in the side chain of functional macromolecules. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3425–3432, 2006 相似文献
3.
Samira Zakir Imamaliyeva Ilaha Firudin Mehdiyeva Imamaddin Rajabali Amiraslanov Mahammad Baba Babanly 《Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion》2017,38(5):764-770
Phase equilibria in the Tl2Te-Tl5Te3-Tl9TmTe6 section of the Tl-Tm-Te ternary system were experimentally studied by using the powder x-ray diffraction technique, differential thermal analysis, as well as microhardness measurements applied to equilibrated alloys. Several isopleth sections and isothermal section at 680 K, as well as projections of the liquidus and solidus surfaces, were constructed. The Tl5Te3-Tl9TmTe6 section is characterized by the formation of continuous series of solid solutions (δ-phase) with Tl5Te3 tetragonal structure, which penetrate deep into the concentration triangle and occupy more than 90% of its area. A narrow area of solid solutions (α-phase) based on Tl2Te was detected. 相似文献
4.
5.
Food Analytical Methods - A simple, rapid and sensitive GC-MS method using on-column injection was developed and validated to determine ergosterol (ERG) levels in maize and wheat. In this method,... 相似文献
6.
D. V. Modenov V. N. Dokutovich V. A. Khokhlov B. D. Antonov V. A. Kochedykov I. D. Zakir’yanova 《Russian Metallurgy (Metally)》2013,2013(2):86-89
A new method for the synthesis of lithium cobaltate LiCoo2 in salt melts is proposed and tested. The method is based on the oxidation of halide ions with molecular oxygen in LiX-CoCl2 mixtures (X = Cl, Br, I). The chemical and phase compositions of the prepared powders and the crystal structure of the synthesized compound are studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The average size of LiCoO2 crystallites is estimated from the X-ray diffraction data. 相似文献
7.
Zakir M. Hirani Zia Bukhari Joan Oppenheimer Patrick Jjemba Mark W. LeChevallier Joseph G. Jacangelo 《Water research》2013
Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are often a preferred treatment technology for satellite water recycling facilities since they produce consistent effluent water quality with a small footprint and require little or no supervision. While the water quality produced from centralized MBRs has been widely reported, there is no study in the literature addressing the effluent quality from a broad range of satellite facilities. Thus, a study was conducted to characterize effluent water qualities produced by satellite MBRs with respect to organic, inorganic, physical and microbial parameters. Results from sampling 38 satellite MBR facilities across the U.S. demonstrated that 90% of these facilities produced nitrified (NH4-N <0.4 mg/L-N) effluents that have low organic carbon (TOC <8.1 mg/L), turbidities of <0.7 NTU, total coliform bacterial concentrations <100 CFU/100 mL and indigenous MS-2 bacteriophage concentrations <21 PFU/100 mL. Multiple sampling events from selected satellite facilities demonstrated process capability to consistently produce effluent with low concentrations of ammonia, TOC and turbidity. UV-254 transmittance values varied substantially during multiple sampling events indicating a need for attention in designing downstream UV disinfection systems. Although enteroviruses, rotaviruses and hepatitis A viruses (HAV) were absent in all samples, adenoviruses were detected in effluents of all nine MBR facilities sampled. The presence of Giardia cysts in filtrate samples of two of nine MBR facilities sampled demonstrated the need for an appropriate disinfection process at these facilities. 相似文献
8.
Novel colloidal nanofiber electrolytes from PVA‐organoclay/poly(MA‐alt‐MVE), and their NaOH and Ag‐carrying polymer complexes
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Murat Şimşek Zakir M. O. Rzayev Selim Acar Bahtiyar Salamov Ulviya Bunyatova 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2016,56(2):204-213
Novel multifunctional polymer nanofiber electrolytes with covalence crosslinked structures from various solution blends of reactive intercalated poly(vinyl alcohol)/octadecylamine montmorillonite (as a matrix polymer), poly(maleic anhydride‐alt‐methyl vinyl ether) (as a partner polymer) and their NaOH‐absorbing and Ag‐carrying polymer complexes were fabricated via electrospinning. Chemical, physical, morphological, and electrical properties of nanofiber structures were investigated by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and electrical analysis methods. Ag precursors in fiber composites significantly improved phase separation processing, fiber morphologies, diameter distributions, and electrical properties of the fibers. In situ generation of Ag nanoparticles and their distribution on nanofiber surfaces during fiber formation occurred via complex formation between silver cations and electronegative functional groups from both matrix and partner polymers as stabilizing/reducing agents. Electrical resistance and conductivity strongly depended on matrix/partner polymer ratios and absorption time of NaOH solution on nanofibers. Addition of NaOH changed the electrical properties of fiber structures from almost dielectric state to excellent conductivity form. The fabricated unique nanofiber electrolytes are promising candidates for applications in power and fuel cell nanotechnology, electrochemical, and bioengineering processes as reactive semiconductive platforms. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 56:204–213, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
9.
Zakir Hossain Kenji Fukunaga Masatoshi Tanouchi Koretaro Takahashi 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2009,111(9):877-883
An animal experiment was conducted to assess the antitumor effects of chitosan‐coated liposomes on myeloma SP2. The animal experimental groups designed for myeloma SP2 tumor‐bearing BALB/c mice were provided with five different drinks: (I) control (double‐distilled water); (II) squid phospholipid liposomes alone 1.0 mg/mL; (III) chitosan alone 5.0 mg/mL; (IV) squid phospholipid liposomes 1.0 mg/mL with chitosan 5.0 mg/mL in the form of a simple mixture; and (V) squid phospholipid liposomes 1.0 mg/mL coated with chitosan 5.0 mg/mL. At 20 days after implantation of the myeloma SP2 cells into mice, oral administration of the experimental drinks was provided for 35 days. There was significant suppression of tumor growth when chitosan and squid phospholipids were administered simultaneously in a simple mixture or as chitosan‐coated liposomes. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 and MMP‐9 activity was significantly less in the serum of mice that consumed chitosan‐coated liposomes than in control mice. We found that decreased tumor burden was related to MMP secretion. Therefore, chitosan‐coated marine phospholipid liposomes might be useful as potential agents for the treatment of myeloma SP2. 相似文献
10.
Functional copolymer/organo‐silicate [N,N′‐dimethyldodecyl ammonium cation surface modified montmorillonite (MMT)] layered nanocomposites have been synthesized by interlamellar complex‐radical copolymerization of preintercalated maleic anhydride (MA)/ organo‐MMT complex as a ‘nano‐reactor’ with n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA) as an internal plasticization comonomer in the presence of radical initiator. Synthesized copolymers and their nanocomposites were investigated by dynamic mechanic analysis, X‐ray diffraction, SEM, and TEM methods. It was found that nanocomposite dynamic mechanical properties strongly depend on the force of interfacial MA … organo‐MMT complex formation and the amount of flexible n‐butyl ester linkages. An increase in both of these parameters leads to enhanced intercalation and exfoliation in situ processes of copolymer chains and the formation of hybrid nanocomposites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献