我国3～12岁儿童家长食品安全知识现状及其影响因素分析

了解我国儿童家长的家庭食品安全知识知晓情况及其影响因素，对开展精准食品安全宣教，减少家庭食源性疾病具有积极意义。本研究在7个城市的13 923名3～12岁儿童家长中开展问卷调查，收集基本信息、家庭食品安全知识知晓情况及需求。家长家庭食品安全知识平均得分为18.6分(总分29分)，及格率为68.7%。易错知识点包括熟食室温存储时间、食品保质期、易引起中毒的食物以及食品贮存环境等。多因素logistics回归分析显示:家长家庭食品安全知识及格率受地区、文化程度、职业、家长类型、是否关注食品安全、孩子是否讲过食品安全知识以及是否阅读孩子带回来资料的影响。家长最关心的前三位内容为滥用食品添加剂(84.9%)、卫生状况不合格(82.9%)、农药/药物残留(82.7%)。受家长信任的信息来源主要为电视/广播/广告(76.1%)、书籍/报纸/期刊(70.4%)、微博/微信等新媒体(57.7%)。家长的家庭食品安全知识仍存在短板，需利用传统媒体和新媒体结合的方式以及小手牵大手形式开展精准专题宣传，并特别关注文化程度低，从事食品行业的家长以及孩子父亲和保姆。     

遥感卫星随遇接入互联网星座和在轨智能处理

低轨互联网星座是当前全球研究和发展的热点,互联网星座支持随遇接入遥感卫星和信息在轨直接处理的应用前景备受期待,但由于轨道高度不同会产生双向高动态异构星座的接入互联问题。首先,通过设定低轨卫星互联网星座在不同轨道特性、不同卫星数量情况下的随遇接入仿真场景,重点探讨了时空非连续可视性和多普勒频移问题对遥感卫星接入性能的影响;其次,基于遥感卫星随遇接入互联网星座场景的特点,分析了不同时延性在轨处理任务的流程及其星地功能分配;最后,对当前在轨智能处理算法存在的问题和未来研究重点进行阐述,为未来低轨互联网星座及遥感卫星的发展和联合组网应用提供可靠的理论支撑。     

专题:6G的智能通信计算融合技术

内容导读目前,针对潜在6G关键技术的场景与需求研究成为学术界的热点。面向未来更多类型终端的智能互联与新兴服务的需求,人工智能应用于无线通信物理层的信道估计、编译码及接收机设计,解决基于大数据的网络自主优化,基于泛在无线感知和边缘侧的强大算力构成的多接入边缘计算,已成为6G无线技术发展的重要趋势。在未来智能车联网、物联网、有人/无人交互、全息通信等场景下,面向未来的智能通信计算融合需求,存在许多拟待解决的关键科学问题。     

Facile preparation and strong adhesive strength of honeycomb polyurethane films with small pore diameter

With the continuous development of bionics, such as, geckos and virginia creeper with both superhydrophobic and super-adhesive, the surface wetting and super-adhesive properties of various porous materials have attracted extensive attention of the scientific and medical communities. Here, the honeycomb polyurethane (PU) porous films with strong adhesion were successfully prepared by microphase separation method and the effects of growth parameters on their microstructure and adhesive strength to ice were investigated. It was found that a high relative humidity (e.g., 100%) and a low solution concentration (e.g., 2%) facilitated the formation of ordered honeycomb PU porous films, and as-prepared PU pores with average pore diameter as small as 5 μm are better ordered and more uniform than these in related documents. Although the contact angle of water droplets on the surface of PU porous films increased from the premodification value of 85–130° to more than 160° after surface modification with polydopamine (PDA), the corresponding rolling angle remained approximately constant (180°), indicating that the surface of PU porous films has strong adhesion similar to geckos and virginia creeper. Furthermore, at lower temperature, the PU porous films exhibited the high adhesive strength of 142.13 kPa on ice, which was strongly dependent on the porous microstructures and surface compositions. The improved adhesive behavior to ice of honeycomb PU porous films modified with PDA provides new strategies for surface modification of materials and potential applications in medical domain.     

Nanogrooved carbon microtubes for wet three‐dimensional printing of conductive composite structures

Recent advances in three‐dimensional (3D) printing have enabled the fabrication of interesting structures which are not achievable using traditional fabrication approaches. The 3D printing of carbon microtube composite inks allows fabrication of conductive structures for practical applications in soft robotics and tissue engineering. However, it is challenging to achieve 3D printed structures from solution‐based composite inks, which requires an additional process to solidify the ink. Here, we introduce a wet 3D printing technique which uses a coagulation bath to fabricate carbon microtube composite structures. We show that through a facile nanogrooving approach which introduces cavitation and channels on carbon microtubes, enhanced interfacial interactions with a chitosan polymer matrix are achieved. Consequently, the mechanical properties of the 3D printed composites improve when nanogrooved carbon microtubes are used, compared to untreated microtubes. We show that by carefully controlling the coagulation bath, extrusion pressure, printing distance and printed line distance, we can 3D print composite lattices which are composed of well‐defined and separated printed lines. The conductive composite 3D structures with highly customised design presented in this work provide a suitable platform for applications ranging from soft robotics to smart tissue engineering scaffolds. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

The effect of alkali metal oxide on the properties of borosilicate fireproof glass: Structure,thermal properties,viscosity, chemical stability

The purpose of the current work was to research the effect of alkali metal oxide on the structure, thermal properties, viscosity and chemical stability in the glass system (R₂O–CaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂) systematically. Because the glass would emulsify when Li₂O was added to the glass batch, this article did not discuss Li₂O. The results showed that when the amount of Na₂O was less than 4 mol.%, there was a higher interconnectivity of borate and silicate sub-networks in glass, as more mixed Si–O–B bonds were present in glass. The glass samples exhibited excellent thermal properties and chemical stabilities. As the amount of Na₂O exceeded 4 mol.%, the interconnectivity of borate and silicate sub-networks was weakened. The thermal properties and chemical stabilities of the glass samples were reduced. The connectivity of the silicate sub-network was weakened slightly as the Na/K ratio varied, and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the glass samples gradually increased, and the resistance to thermal shock (RTS) value gradually decreased. Moreover, the viscosity of the glass samples decreased with the ratio of Na/Si and Na/K increased.     

锁紧机构防脱落保持架设计与分析

针对锁紧机构保持架在恶略环境下,反复振动过程中保持架上钢球脱落问题,提出了一种新型防脱落保持架设计方案,重点介绍了锁紧机构中保持架的工作形式,通过ANSYS进行有限元仿真分析,得出新型保持架结构满足刚强度要求以及热变形要求,且在随机振动6.06 g条件位移小,能有效免锁紧机构直线运动时钢球从外部脱落的可能,提高了锁紧机构工作过程中的可靠性与安全性.     

Waveguide external cavity narrow linewidth semiconductor lasers

Narrow linewidth light source is a prerequisite for high-performance coherent optical communication and sensing.Waveguide-based external cavity narrow linewidth semiconductor lasers(WEC-NLSLs)have become a competitive and attractive candidate for many coherent applications due to their small size,volume,low energy consumption,low cost and the ability to integrate with other optical components.In this paper,we present an overview of WEC-NLSLs from their required technologies to the state-of-the-art progress.Moreover,we highlight the common problems occurring to current WEC-NLSLs and show the possible approaches to resolving the issues.Finally,we present the possible development directions for the next phase and hope this review will be beneficial to the advancements of WEC-NLSLs.     

Strong tribocatalytic dye degradation by tungsten bronze Ba4Nd2Fe2Nb8O30

The triboelectric effect has recently demonstrated its great potential in environmental remediation and even new energy applications for triggering a number of catalytic reactions by utilizing trivial mechanical energy. In this study, Ba₄Nd₂Fe₂Nb₈O₃₀ (BNFN) submicron powders were used to degrade organic dyes via the tribocatalytic effect. Under the frictional excitation of three PTFE stirring rods in a 5 mg/L RhB dye solution, BNFN demonstrates a high tribocatalytic degradation efficiency of 97% in 2 h. Hydroxyl radicals (?OH) and superoxide radicals (?O₂－) were also detected during the catalysis process, which proves that triboelectric energy stimulates BNFN to generate electron-hole pairs. The tribocatalysis of tungsten bronze BNFN submicron powders provides a novel and efficient method for the degradation of wastewater dye by utilizing trivial mechanical energy.