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In this study, the functional monomers, N‐methacryloyl‐l ‐aspartic acid and N‐methacryloyl‐l ‐cysteine were synthesized through a reaction between appropriate amino acids and methacryloyl chloride. Then, Pb(II) or Cd(II) ion‐imprinted 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate based cryogels were prepared by free radical polymerization method under partially frozen conditions. Following the characterization of matrices, adsorption of heavy metal ions was examined in batch mode from aqueous solution considering several parameters affecting the adsorption performance. The actual adsorption capacities were 44.5, 65.3, and 86.7 mg/g for Cd‐1, Cd‐2, and Cd‐3 cryogels meanwhile those were 41.9, 86.3, and 122.7 mg/g for Pb‐1, Pb‐2, and Pb‐3 cryogels, respectively at optimum pH: 5.5. By increasing temperature, adsorption capabilities of both cryogels were inhibited because of the electrostatic nature of coordinated covalent bonds and collapsing of coordination spheres. The adsorption process was very fast, the equilibrium adsorption was achieved in about 60 min, which was directly related to macroporous structure and interconnected flow‐channels of cryogels. Kinetics and adsorption isotherms were also studied. Langmuir isotherms and pseudo‐second order kinetic model were well suited to adsorption data, which also indicated that the process occurred without any diffusion restrictions or steric hindrances. Finally, the competitive adsorption studies were performed using multi‐ion containing synthetic wastewater to show whether the cryogels developed are suitable for specific heavy metal recycling or not. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43095. 相似文献
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M. F. A. Rahman M. Z. Zhalilah A. H. A. Rosol M. Q. Lokman A. R. Bushroa 《Journal of Modern Optics》2018,65(7):811-817
This paper reports on the use of Antimony (Sb) polymer film to generate stable Q-switching pulses in Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity. The SA is fabricated by coating a thin layer of Sb on a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film through physical vapour deposition (PVD) process. A 1 × 1 mm area of the film SA is cut and integrated into between two fiber ferrules inside the laser cavity for intra-cavity loss modulation. Self-starting and stable Q-switched pulses are obtained within a pump power range from 60 to 142 mW. Within this range, the repetition rate increases from 70.82 to 98.04 kHz, while pulse width decreases from 7.42 to 5.36 μs. The fundamental frequency signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse signal is 74 dB, which indicates the excellent stability of the pulses. The maximum output power and pulse energy are 8.45 mW and 86.19 nJ, respectively. Our demonstration shows that Sb film SA capable of generating stable pulses train operating at 1.55-micron region. 相似文献
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The focus of this article is to develop a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) nanosensor to determine chloramphenicol (CAP) using the molecularly imprinted nanoparticles. The CAP imprinted nanoparticles were prepared by miniemulsion polymerization method. Then, the nanoparticles were attached onto the SPR nanosensor surface via temperature‐controlled evaporation. Surface characterization studies were performed with atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements. Kinetic studies were performed with CAP solutions in the concentration range of 0.155–6.192 nM. Florphenicol (FLP) and thiamphenicol (TAP) having similar chemical structures to the template (i.e., CAP) were chosen as competitors to determine selectivity of the nanoparticles. Selectivity constants were observed as 8.86 for CAP/TAP and 8.36 for CAP/FLP. The detection limit was calculated as 40 ng/kg honey sample. In the light of these results, it was emphasized that the SPR nanosensor is able to recognize CAP selectively and has a potential for real‐time CAP detection in honey sample. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013 相似文献
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Al2O3/Al composites produced by directed melt oxidation using Zn containing external dopants 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Al2O3/Al composites have been produced by the directed melt oxidation of Al with externally applied Zn containing dopants. Zn, ZnO and ZnAl2O4 are all shown to be capable of initiating the directed melt oxidation of Al without any Mg being present. The external surfaces of the reaction products were covered with a layer of ZnO overlaying a layer of ZnAl2O4, however, no Zn was observed within the composite bodies. Doping with ZnO or ZnAl2O4 resulted in a fine, dense ceramic microstructure and the amount of growth increased with increasing firing time and increasing ZnO or ZnAl2O4 content. Doping with Zn resulted in significantly less dense composites to those produced using ZnO or ZnAl2O4 and thus in the Zn system oxide and spinel dopants offer a significant advantage over using metallic Zn. 相似文献
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Nurul Hakimah Lazim Siti Aisyah Shamsudin Norsyahidah Mohd Hidzir Chai Chee Keong Izumi Ichinose 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2024,141(1):e54741
Natural rubber (NR) is emblematic of sustainability compared to synthetic rubber. However, the tradition of adding sulfur as a vulcanization ingredient results in the release of toxic substances and the potential for health issues. In this study, a feasible strategy was proposed to replace sulfur and discover a safe bulk modification process for NR films. The results have shown that the NR particle size was disintegrated to below 10 nm by gamma irradiation. High tension strength up to 24.45 MPa was observed in the vulcanized NR blend film, which could be elongated up to 800% strain after exposure to an optimum dose of 14 kGy. In comparison to commercial NR latex and nitrile gloves, the vulcanized NR/ SIS films exhibited better chemical resistance ability against hexane, methanol, toluene, and acetone, as revealed by the permeation test. The appearance of amorphous regions and highly oriented NR crystallites was observed through transmission electron microscopy. Findings from this study propose the vacuum radiation strategy that can replace conventional vulcanization methods, resulting in NR films with high mechanical and barrier performance. Furthermore, the emission of toxic substances is reduced by this green process, making it practically useful for potential chemical-resistant examination glove applications. 相似文献
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Lokman Uzun Ali Kara Bilgen Osman Erkut Yılmaz Necati Beşirli Adil Denizli 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2009,114(4):2246-2253
The aim of this study was to prepare magnetic beads that could be used for the removal of heavy‐metal ions from synthetic solutions. Magnetic poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate–1‐vinyl‐1,2,4‐triazole) [m‐poly(EGDMA–VTAZ)] beads were produced by suspension polymerization in the presence of a magnetite Fe3O4 nanopowder. The specific surface area of the m‐poly(EGDMA–VTAZ) beads was 74.8 m2/g with a diameter range of 150–200 μm, and the swelling ratio was 84%. The average Fe3O4 content of the resulting m‐poly(EGDMA–VTAZ) beads was 14.8%. The maximum binding capacities of the m‐poly(EGDMA–VTAZ) beads from aquous solution were 284.3 mg/g for Hg2+, 193.8 mg/g for Pb2+, 151.5 mg/g for Cu2+, 128.1 mg/g for Cd2+, and 99.4 mg/g for Zn2+. The affinity order on a mass basis was Hg2+ > Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+> Zn2+. The binding capacities from synthetic waste water were 178.1 mg/g for Hg2+, 132.4 mg/g for Pb2+, 83.5 mg/g for Cu2+, 54.1 mg/g for Cd2+, and 32.4 mg/g for Zn2+. The magnetic beads could be regenerated (up to ca. 97%) by a treatment with 0.1M HNO3. These features make m‐poly(EGDMA–VTAZ) beads potential supports for heavy‐metal removal under a magnetic field. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 相似文献
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AJM A. Rouf M. A. Ambak Lokman Shamsudin Siew-Moi Phang Sinn C. Ho 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2008,13(4):271-287
Periphytic algal assemblages, comprising bacillariophytes, cyanophytes and chlorophytes of standing dead trees in Lake Kenyir, a tropical drowned forest reservoir, were studied during 1995. A total of 317 algal taxa were identified in this study. The monthly floral mean species richness and cell count data demonstrated significant temporal differences between the months, in one-way anova (P < 0.05). Both redundancy analysis and cluster analysis on monthly blue-green abundance and diatom assemblages exhibited conspicuous groupings among the months, with underpinning seasonal differences. The responses were not similar, however, between the upstream and downstream ends of the lake. The grouping or clustering of months can be generalized as: (i) November, December and January as the monsoonal months; (ii) February, March, April and May as the transitional months; and (iii) June to October as the dry months. Based on stepwise multiple regression with forward selection, alkalinity and dissolved oxygen concentration were significant environmental predictors at the downstream dam sampling site, and reactive silica, electrical conductivity, Secchi depth transparency and sunshine hours were significant predicators at the upstream riverine sampling site, based on Monte Carlo tests. Being a ploymictic, mesotrophic lake, the limnology and temporal changes for Lake Kenyir appears to be complex and driven by monsoons, as evidenced from the temporal changes in its periphytic algae communities, particularly the diatom assemblages. The downstream sampling site (site 1) at the dam, in the main basin and deeper zone of the lake, the seasonal amplitude was likely complex because of thermocline formation and stratification processes. In contrast, the upstream sampling site in the Petang River (site 2) exhibited a clearer distinction between the dry and monsoon months, based on its cyanophyte and diatom floral assemblages. These study results are pertinent for lake management, especially for developing biomonitoring programmes or lake productivity studies, as well as for climate change studies, within the context of tropical lake ecology. 相似文献