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采用流程模拟技术,从装置负荷率、产品含硫量指标、装置能耗构成、主要用能点等方面,对催化裂化(FCC)汽油加氢脱硫装置的关键能耗因素进行定量分析,针对中国石油克拉玛依石化有限责任公司(简称克石化公司) 50万t/a FCC汽油加氢脱硫装置提出优化方案。结果表明:影响FCC汽油加氢脱硫装置能耗的主要因素为装置负荷率和产品含硫量指标,装置综合能耗主要由燃料、电、蒸汽、循环水和除盐水等构成,燃料占50%~60%;针对克石化公司装置,采用增加预加氢反应产物与装置进料换热流程的方案A,控制预加氢反应产物进分馏塔温度稳定,优化后重汽油加氢反应产物出口温度从92.0℃升至121.5℃;在方案A基础上,采用增设重汽油加氢反应产物热分离罐的方案B,能够增加精制重汽油低温热输出,按照重汽油加氢反应产物进热分离罐温度5.9℃,低温热水来水温度75℃、换热温差10℃计算,优化后装置可输出低温热169.6×10~4 kcal/h,可节约低压蒸汽2.8 t/h;在方案A和方案B基础上,采用装置进料为热进料的方案C,能够避免有效能损失,增加低温热输出,按照混合原料温度60℃计算,优化后稳定汽油输出低温热由169.6×10~4 kcal/h增加至210.9×10~4 kcal/h,折合1.0 MPa蒸汽3.5 t/h,可降低装置能耗1.4 kg/t。 相似文献
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Fixed carrier membrane exhibits attractive CO2 permeance and selectivity due to its transport mecha-nism of reaction selectivity (facilitated transport). However, its performance needs improvement to meet cost targets for CO2 capture. This study attempts to develop membranes with multiple permselective mechanisms in order to enhance CO2 separation performance of fixed carrier membrane. In this study, a novel membrane with multiple permselective mechanisms of solubility selectivity and reaction selectivity was developed by incorporating CO2-selective adsorptive silica nanoparticles in situ into the tertiary amine containing polyamide membrane formed by interfacial polymerization (IP). Various techniques were employed to characterize the polyamide and polyam-ide-silica composite membranes. The TGA result shows that nanocomposite membranes exhibit superior thermal stability than pure polyamide membranes. In addition, gas permeation experiments show that both nanocomposite membranes have larger CO2 permeance than pure polyamide membranes. The enhanced CO2/N2 separation per-formance for nanocomposite membranes is mainly due to the thin film thickness, and multiple permselective mechanisms of solubility selectivity and reaction selectivity. 相似文献
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