Investigation of Three-liquid-phase Extraction Systems for Simultaneous Separation of Emodin and Rhein

Several three-liquid-phase extraction systems comprised of organic extractant,polymer and salt aqueous solution were applied to isolate and purify simulated herbal extract containing emodin and rhein.Some influential factors on the partitioning behaviors were studied.The results revealed that extractant type and solution pH value were crucial factors for improving the separation performance.The optimal separation results were obtained at pH 8.00 with methyl isobutyl ketone as the extractant,10%（ω） polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight 4000 Da,and 10%（ω） ammonium sulphate.Under the optimized conditions,95%emodin and 97%rhein were simultaneously extracted into the organic phase and polymer-rich phase from simulated herbal solution with the initial concentration of 100×l0^-6（ω）,respectively,and their separation factor of over 10000 was achieved.By adjusting pH value,back extraction rate of both emodin and rhein could be up to about 99%.With the assistance of molecular simulation program XLOGP3 and molecular orbital package,the possible mechanism of extraction was analyzed,and hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen-bonding interaction might be the major driving forces affecting the partitioning behaviors of emodin and rhein.     

阳离子乳液聚合物钻井液在页岩气井的应用

常规聚合物钻井液在页岩气井钻井过程中易出现各种井下故障。经对页岩气井井下故障和页岩岩心分析研究,决定选择阳离子乳液聚合物钻井液钻进页岩地层。通过室内试验,对阳离子乳液钻井液的常规性能、抑制性、抗岩屑污染能力、润滑性和储层保护性等进行了评价,并在湘页1井和彭页1井进行了现场应用。应用表明,2口井施工过程中无阻卡现象,平均井径扩大率小于8%,钻井液抑制性能、润滑性能、储层保护性能等均满足页岩地层钻井施工要求。应用还表明,阳离子乳液聚合物钻井液可解决页岩地层井壁失稳和储层损害问题,缩短钻井周期,节约钻井液成本。该钻井液的成功应用,为页岩气井的勘探开发提供了宝贵的参考经验,其在页岩气井钻井施工中具有良好的推广应用前景。      

低固相聚合物钻井液在煤层气水平井中的应用

介绍山西延川南区块煤层气钻井中钻井液技术难点,通过2口典型的水平连通井,对比了2种钻井液体系在现场应用的效果,并讲述了低固相,低密度聚合物钻井液在煤层气水平连通井中的现场应用,结果表明,这种钻井液体系pH较低,虑失量小,泥饼致密光滑,可以有效的保护井壁作用,从而有效的保护煤层。相比绒囊钻井液体系来说,低固相聚合物钻井液体系可以降低钻井液材料费用,适用于煤层气钻井。     

浅谈猪绒面服装革染色工艺

近年来,猪绒面革服装盛行于国际市场,国内猪反绒、二层绒服装革则是抢手货。我厂于1989年7月开始试生产猪反绒、二层绒服装革,现已大批量生产,产品供不应求,大多供出口服装革的需要。绒面服装革染色是一个关键,现将我们在生产中的点滴体会     

猪反绒服装革的染色工艺

本文就猪反绒、猪二层绒面服装革的染色向题谈了笔者的实践体会。     

胜利1井钻井液的应用与研究

胜利1井钻井液技术难点在于钻井周期过长、泥浆老化严重、长裸眼段井壁稳定、高温井壁稳定及油气保护,通过不同地层使用不同钻井液体系、添加相应处理剂、改变钻井液密度、粘度、润滑等性能满足井下要求,确保井下安全。通过对钻井液性能、钻时记录评价胜利1井钻井液使用效果,为胜利区块后续钻井提供技术借鉴。     

阳离子乳液聚合物在YK15H井的应用

雅克拉气田白垩系卡普沙良群地层稳定性差,有多口井在该层位发生了严重的井壁垮塌事故.在分析雅克拉区块井壁失稳原因的基础上,决定在YK15H井钻井液中加入阳离子乳液聚合物,三开前将二开井浆转化为阳离子乳液聚合物钻井液.应用结果表明,阳离子乳液聚合物钻井液的抑制性优于聚磺钻井液,保证了井壁稳定和井下无复杂情况发生,流变性和滤失性能稳定,抗温达140℃;由于使用的乳化石蜡具有良好的防塌润滑作用,减少了润滑剂和沥青类防塌剂的使用,全烃值及荧光级别低,应用的正电性材料对录井无影响;取得了良好的现场应用效果,为该区块同类井的施工提供了参考经验.